Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lung function and clinical evidence of muscle weakness were assessed in 12 ASA I patients who received vecuronium 0.01 mg kg-1 pretreatment as a part of their anaesthetic management, before and 3 min after pretreatment. Most patients demonstrated ptosis and diplopia, while five of the 12 were unable to raise the head for > 4 s and had difficulty in swallowing. Significant reductions occurred in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and maximum mid-expiratory flow rate. Among static lung volumes, functional residual capacity and expiratory reserve volume decreased significantly. However, these changes were not serious enough to cause clinically significant impairment of coughing or a decrease in oxygen saturation in any patient.
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PMID:Lung function after vecuronium pretreatment in young, healthy patients. 135

Twenty-two clinically continent women with severe genitourinary prolapse were evaluated urodynamically to determine the prevalence of urodynamic abnormalities that could lead to potential urinary incontinence. Urodynamic testing found an occult incontinence disorder in 13 women (59%), of whom four had urine loss during cough pressure profiles after pessary placement, four had uninhibited detrusor contractions during retrograde medium-fill water cystometry, and five had both stress urinary incontinence and an unstable bladder. Therefore, nine of the 22 patients (41%) had uninhibited detrusor contractions during urodynamic testing. However, uroflowmetry did not reveal voiding dysfunction in this group, although peak flow rates appeared to be lower in the subgroup of women manifesting uninhibited detrusor contractions. Associated symptoms of frequency, nocturia, and urgency occurred in 41% of the women in this study; four of nine (44%) who had normal urodynamic test results, five of 13 (38%) who had abnormal test results, and five of nine (56%) who had an unstable bladder. Therefore, associated symptoms could not be used to determine which women would have abnormal urodynamic test results. These preliminary results suggest that women with genitourinary prolapse may be at risk for an occult incontinence disorder that is masked by the prolapse and that could manifest after corrective surgery for prolapse. Urodynamic testing is suggested for women with genitourinary prolapse who present with or without symptoms of incontinence, so that more data can be obtained to determine the importance of abnormal test results.
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PMID:Prevalence of abnormal urodynamic test results in continent women with severe genitourinary prolapse. 155 72

Chronic cough is a side effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class of antihypertensives. The cough is thought to be a result of inhibition of the enzymes that break down some of the mediators of inflammation, such as the bradykinins and tachykinins. We report 20 patients with chronic cough caused by ACE inhibitors and some of the characteristics of the cough. The cough is typically dry, nonproductive, and worse at night. Interference with sleep is common and was severe in three patients. Women outnumbered men in this series: urinary stress incontinence developed in five, rectal and vaginal prolapse developed in one. Three patients felt they were incapacitated by the cough. Most had been on multiple medications; only oxycodone was reported to be effective in controlling the cough, and four patients thought they were addicted to that. All coughs resolved with withdrawal of the ACE inhibitor. Chronic cough is common among individuals taking ACE inhibitors. It may be severe and associated with complications. The incidence and potential severity is understated in drug information sources, and patients and physicians often fail to recognize cough as a drug side effect.
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PMID:Characterization of cough associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. 175 56

Four patients with infective endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans seen at the National Taiwan University Hospital between January 1985 and December 1990 are reported. There were two men and two women with a mean age of 40 years. Three had had a xenograft replacement, the other one had prolapse of mitral valve. Carious teeth were noted in two. The most common presenting symptoms were fever, cough, dyspnoea, and weight loss and the duration of symptoms before diagnosis varied from 2 weeks to 2 months. Peripheral stigmata of endocarditis were not present in any patient. Laboratory investigation revealed haematuria and anaemia in three patients, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates in all four. None had leucocytosis. Echocardiography was performed more than once for each patient and vegetation was demonstrated in only one. Blood culture became positive after 7-10 days of incubation. One of the isolates was resistant to penicillin. The diagnosis was delayed due to the indolent clinical course, non-specific presentation, and the slow growth of the organism. However, all patients were cured clinically and bacteriologically after 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotic therapy which included penicillin, cefamandole, chloramphenicol, or aztreonam, with or without an aminoglycoside. All patients were free of evidence of recurrence after 6-25 months of follow-up.
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PMID:Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis: a report of four cases and review of the literature. 180 Oct 59

Sixty eight adults of both sexes (33 patients with clinically and endoscopically verified tracheobronchial collapse; 35 persons without disease of the central airways) underwent continuous cinetracheographic studies of the wall-movements of the central airways during various respiratory maneuvers. The insufflation of powdered tantalum for a better outlining of the contours of the central airways was preferably done in local anaesthesia via an orotracheally inserted catheter. Studies of wall-movement were made in recumbent position during forced breathing and violent coughing in various obliquities using a 35 mm-camera. The percentage of diameter-shortening during expiration (forced breathing; violent coughing) in relation to the inspiratory diameter during the same breathing-maneuver was measured in 4 or 3 projections respectively at 5 localities (cervical trachea; thoracic outlet; thoracic trachea 1 cm above the bifurcation; right and left main bronchus, 1 cm distant from bifurcation). Out of maximally 17 single numerical values per examination the highest single value was selected as the so-called "maximal relative diameter-shortening" - independent of locality and projection. In healthy persons the mean value amounts to 22.4 +/- 15.44% (means +/- SD) during forced breathing and to 75.5 +/- 11.72% during violent coughing. Patients with a tracheobronchial collapse differ from healthy persons, the former having a value of 100% during violent coughing. This is equivalent to a brief contact of the membranous part to the ventral circumference of the trachea (total cough-collapse) at least at one locality in one projection. Out of a number of 28 patients 17 cases (group H) revealed a normal "maximal relative diameter-shortening" of 29.7 +/- 21.57% during forced breathing. In addition to the total cough-collapse 11 patients (group F) exhibited an increased prolapse-tendency of the membranous part during forced breathing, too; the mean value of the "maximal relative diameter-shortening" amounted to 80.5 +/- 16.15%. Pathological shortening-values are mainly measured at the intrathoracic trachea in the lateral and both oblique projections. The cinetracheobronchographic examination should be used in patients with endoscopic signs of a tracheobronchial collapse-syndrome if an operative procedure with tautening is taken into consideration. In the case of mere clinical suspicion of the presence of a collapse-syndrome the assessment of the wall-motility is non-invasively possible by means of cinetracheography without a contrast-agent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Comparative cinematographic, endoscopic and functional analytic studies of the pre- and postoperative evaluation of the severity of the tracheobronchial collapse syndrome]. 292 61

A prospective cohort study was designed to describe the patterns and to determine the factors associated with the risk of rectal prolapse in a commercial swine herd in California, USA. Thirty (1.0 per cent) of 2862 pigs prolapsed between 12 and 28 weeks of age with the peak incidence occurring in 14- to 16-week-old pigs. The overall prolapse rate was 9.1 cases per 100,000 days at risk. Prolapse rates were highest during the winter and autumn months. Other factors associated with an increased risk of prolapse were maleness (relative risk 2.3) birthweight less than 1000 g (relative risk 3.4) Yorkshire boar A (relative risk 2.8) and dams of litter number 1 (relative risk 14.9), 2 (relative risk 8.2) and 3 (relative risk 9.8). No evidence was found to support the hypothesis that diarrhoea and coughing are factors associated with a risk of prolapse.
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PMID:Patterns and determinants of rectal prolapse in a herd of pigs. 317 83

In a 55-year-old woman patient with congenital Horner's syndrome the ptosis and miosis disappeared completely for a short time after a bout of coughing. Pharmacologically the defect was localized in the second neuron. No etiology or pathogenetic mechanism of the phenomenon could be identified.
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PMID:[Horner's syndrome reversible by coughing]. 336 89

A total of 67 female patients with pelvic relaxation (cystocele beyond the vaginal orifice) and with no urinary incontinence were clinically and urodynamically evaluated before and after a reconstructive surgical procedure. Of these, 24 patients had a significant decrease in abdominal pressure transmission to the urethra once the cystocele was reduced by vaginal pessary (abdominal pressure transmission ratio to urethra: bladder of less than 1.0). All 24 had a revised Pereyra procedure in addition to the cystocele repair. The other 43 patients had adequate abdominal pressure transmission to the urethra once the cystocele was reduced by vaginal pessary (abdominal pressure transmission ratio to urethra: bladder of greater than or equal to 1.0). These 43 patients underwent cystocele repair only with no surgical repair to the urethra or urethrovesical junction. Evaluation was repeated at 3 to 6 months after the operation. No patient developed urinary incontinence after operation. All 67 patients had urodynamically good abdominal pressure transmission to the urethra while coughing. Women with significant genitourinary prolapse may be continent in spite of a weak urethral sphincter because of kinking of the poorly supported urethra. Urodynamic testing can identify those women at risk of developing postoperative urinary incontinence so that prophylactic measures can be undertaken.
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PMID:Predicting postoperative urinary incontinence development in women undergoing operation for genitourinary prolapse. 336 1

To study the ability of anticholinesterase drugs to reverse the potentially fatal paralytic effects of cobra venom, we conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover trial of intravenous edrophonium (Tensilon) in 10 adults with neurotoxic envenoming caused by bites of the Philippine cobra (Naja naja philippinensis). There was significantly more improvement in ptosis and endurance of upward gaze after edrophonium than after placebo. Five minutes after injection, the mean difference (+/- SD) in the percentage of the iris that was uncovered was 39 +/- 5.47 (70 vs. 31 percent; P less than 0.01), and the mean difference in the number of seconds of upward gaze was 33.1 +/- 9.29 (39.7 vs. 6.6 seconds; P less than 0.01). The expiratory and inspiratory pressures, forced vital capacity, and ability to cough, speak, and swallow also improved after edrophonium. In both the patients who were studied electromyographically, pretreatment and postplacebo responses were typical of myasthenia gravis and became normal after edrophonium. We conclude that anticholinesterases are beneficial in the management of neurotoxic envenoming by Asian cobras (Naja naja), and we recommended a test of edrophonium in any patient with signs of neurotoxic envenoming after snakebite.
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PMID:Positive response to edrophonium in patients with neurotoxic envenoming by cobras (Naja naja philippinensis). A placebo-controlled study. 353 83

Using a special technique 35 women presented an artefact in the SUPP caused by urethral movement during coughing. A second artefact was found in patients presenting with extensive vaginal prolapse. The clinical evaluation of the SUPP depends on the exclusion of those artefacts.
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PMID:[Artefacts in the recording of stress profiles and their clinical significance]. 360 97


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