Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The first patient was a 37-year-old man with an invasive and lymphoid cell dominant thymoma (stage III). He underwent extended total thymectomy and partial resection of the upper lobe of the left lung. Four years after the operation, he had ptosis and diplopia and was diagnosed as having myasthenia gravis (positive Tensilon test and raised antiacetylcholine receptor antibody titer). His symptoms improved with the steroid therapy. The second patient was a 37-year-old woman with an invasive and mixed type thymoma (stage III). Extended total thymectomy with combined resection of the mediastinal pleura and right phrenic nerve was performed, but the tumor recurred in the right thorax 2 years postoperatively. Subtotal resection of the parietal pleura and recurrent tumors was performed by right thoracotomy, and steroid therapy was given. She developed malaise, ptosis and diplopia three months later, and was diagnosed as having myasthenia gravis. Her symptoms disappeared after the steroid therapy was stopped. A review of the Japanese literature is presented and problems regarding the pathogenesis of this disease are discussed.
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PMID:[Two cases of post-thymectomy myasthenia gravis]. 140

A case of Burkitt's type ALL with numb chin syndrome as the initial manifestation is described. A 57-year-old Japanese male was admitted to our hospital in November 14, 1989 because of paresthesia at the chin and lower lip with diplopia and ptosis. Neurological examination revealed oculomotor paralysis of the right side and hypesthesia on the chin, lower lip and buccal mucous membrane. Laboratory findings showed increased leukocyte count. Bone marrow aspirate revealed hypercellular marrow with 92.3% leukemic cells which had vacuoles in the cytoplasm and surface marker of IgM, kappa type. The abnormalities of karyotype included t(8;14). He was treated with chemotherapy and radiation. His conditions were temporarily improved, but relapsed later and died in March 6, 1990. Leukemic infiltrations to the trigeminal nerve were found in autopsy. The relationship between lymphoid malignancies and numb chin syndrome was discussed.
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PMID:[Burkitt's type ALL with numb chin syndrome as an initial manifestation]. 202 41

Subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse is a benign entity in which fat herniates through Tenon's capsule. It is often confused with other lesions such as lacrimal gland tumors, lymphoid tumors and lipodermoids. The clinical and computed tomographic findings in a series of 15 patients are presented, and the features that are helpful in the differential diagnosis are discussed.
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PMID:Subconjunctival orbital fat prolapse. 315 84

Lymphoid masses can be centered predominantly within an extraocular muscle (EOM), as exemplified by computed tomography (CT) scanning and biopsy confirmation in the seven cases reported in this study. In these patients, an insidious and painless onset of exophthalmos was overshadowed by ptosis or a motility disturbance (particularly limited upgaze) in the absence of chemosis and lid erythema. The lesions were located in the superior rectus-levator complex (6 cases) and in the medial rectus muscle (1 case). One patient, with an exclusive infiltration of the levator, had a complete ptosis, whereas four others had a partial ptosis. Important clinical clues included palpable masses (4 cases) and preserved downward gaze (all cases), the latter suggesting the absence of fibrotic restriction, as is often seen in Graves' myopathy and the idiopathic myositis of pseudotumor. The biopsy specimens showed spill-over of the hypercellular and stroma-free lymphoid tissue into the orbital fat (all cases) and into the lacrimal gland (3 cases). Full extraocular motility on upgaze was restored after local orbital radiotherapy, although a residual ptosis persisted in five cases. Five patients had well-differentiated lesions and nonocular disease did not develop, whereas a widespread disease developed in one of two patients with a cytologically malignant lymphoma; the patient eventually died.
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PMID:Orbital lymphoid tumors located predominantly within extraocular muscles. 362 18

Clinical, pathological, and immunological analysis of 20 patients with ocular adnexal lymphoid disease has demonstrated several parameters which are useful for distinguishing malignant from benign lesions. Patients in the fourth or fifth decade of life presenting with an acute history of pain, oedema, epiphora, double vision, and ptosis, with a mass localised in the lacrimal gland area, are more likely to have a pseudolymphoma or a chronic inflammatory lesion than a true non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). It is not possible to obtain a definite diagnosis without surgical intervention, because only three out of nine patients with orbital NHL had evidence of a monoclonal B cell population in peripheral blood on admission to the Orbital Centre. Furthermore it was confirmed that the identification of the various orbital lymphoid infiltrates becomes more distinct when immunological techniques are added to the clinical and histopathological methods of investigation. Multidisciplinary cooperation leads to further improvement of diagnosis and treatment of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative disease.
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PMID:Lymphoid proliferations in the orbit: malignant or benign? 639 35

Ingestion of dimethylnitrosamine in a low dose and for a limited period by hamsters resulted in primary intrahepatic pylephlebitis. The process began at 24 h and progressed within 2-4 weeks to narrowing and, eventually, to partial obstruction of the portal bed. The lesions were characterized by endothelial necrosis followed by infiltrations of lymphoid cells extending into the portal tracts. Superficial lesions of terminal hepatic veins and parenchymal changes occurred only after a lapse of, respectively, 2 and 4 weeks when restrictions of portal blood had been assumed. The parenchymal changes consisted of regional regenerative hyperplasia accompanied by subendothelial prolapse of hepatocytes into the wall of terminal veins. The lesions of the portal veins persisted for a prolonged period of time after the exposure to dimethylnitrosamine had ceased. These findings, associated with characteristic histological aspects, suggested secondary immune reaction following the initial toxic pylephlebitis. The possible relevance of the experimental results to understanding the nature of endemic portal venopathy in man is discussed with regard to pathogenesis and etiology.
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PMID:Primary portal venopathy in the golden hamster treated with low doses of dimethylnitrosamine. 648 85

We describe three cases of primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the endometrium and contrast the histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular features with two examples of benign endometrial lymphoid infiltrates. The first case was an incidental finding in a curettage specimen, confirmed on a subsequent hysterectomy. The other two cases of lymphoma were incidental findings on hysterectomy procedures performed for prolapse and cervical dysplasia, respectively. All three lymphomas occurred in patients in their sixties; none formed gross tumors. Histologic examination revealed lymphoid nodules adjacent to endometrial glands. The lymphoid cells showed mild nuclear enlargement and slight irregularities of the nuclear contour. None of the three patients had evidence of disease outside the endometrium by physical examination, bone marrow biopsy, or sampling of pelvic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated a B-cell phenotype of the lymphoid cells (CD20 positive, CD79a positive) with aberrant coexpression of the T-cell-associated marker CD43. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the VDJ region of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain was performed on DNA isolated from paraffin sections. These studies demonstrated a clonal proliferation of B-lymphocytes in two cases. In the third case, a faint band was found superimposed on a background smear, suggesting the presence of a B-cell clone. In contrast, the two examples of histologically benign lymphoid aggregates of the endometrium consisted predominantly of T cells with rare B-lymphocytes; there was no evidence of coexpression of CD43 by B-cells. The PCR amplification from the benign lymphoid aggregates did not support a clonal process. Primary lymphoid neoplasms of the endometrium are rare, and all cases described so far have been high-stage, high-grade neoplasms. To our knowledge, this is the first report of primary low-grade B-cell lymphoma of the endometrium, presumably arising from endometrial lymphoid tissue.
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PMID:Primary low-grade endometrial B-cell lymphoma. 904 85

An 8-year-old girl had a 5-month history of recurrent rectal prolapse. On colonoscopy, two submucosal masses were noted in the distal rectum and diagnosed by biopsy as benign lymphoid hyperplasia. These were excised by limited dissection superficial to the submucosa, and the histologic diagnosis was confirmed. The child has done well after removal of the nodules, with no subsequent prolapse for more than 2 years.
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PMID:Lymphoid hyperplasia causing recurrent rectal prolapse. 932 37

The authors present 3 patients with subconjunctival fat prolapse treated at their oculoplastic unit. Albeit rare, orbital fat is a well-recognized entity, and is described in the literature as being associated with trauma and surgery. The 3 patients reported herein, however, presented with no history of trauma or surgery. This condition is produced by herniation of the intraconal fat between the conjunctiva and the sclera, presumably due to dehiscence of the Tenon's capsule. Differential diagnosis should be made with lacrimal gland ptosis, lacrimal gland tumors, and lymphoid tumors.
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PMID:Transconjunctival herniation of orbital fat. 986 41

We report a 20-year-old man with intractable myasthenia gravis successfully treated with total lymphoid irradiation (TLI). An encapsulated thymoma in the anterior mediastinum was resected as extended thymectomy by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery at 2 months after the onset of ptosis and muscle weakness. Following treatments, such as ambenonium hydrochloride, an immunosuppression therapy (prednisolone and azatioprine), 5 courses of immunoadsorption therapy, and a high dose of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone, did not make persistent improvement of myasthenic symptoms. Ageusia occurred twice prior to myasthenic crises and subsided with other myasthenic symptoms after treatments. Steroid psychosis and secondary Cushing's syndrome made us to reduce the dose of prednisolone. Post-operative residual, recurrent, or metastatic thymus was not unveiled, then we added the low dose fractionated irradiation (1.5 Gy x 12 = 18 Gy) to the mediastinum. Three months after the irradiation, however, a crisis occurred and the titer of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody increased up to 100 nmol/l. Therefore, we performed TLI (Mantle; 1.5 Gy x 9 = 13.5 Gy, paraaortic and inverted-Y; 1.5 Gy x 14 = 21 Gy), which brought about persistent improvement of myasthenic symptoms with decrease in the titer of anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody.
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PMID:[A patient with intractable myasthenia gravis successfully treated with total lymphoid irradiation]. 1054 16


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