Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Poisonings due to Viperidae bites are quite common in our country. There is a mortality of 3 to 7 cases out of 35 million inhabitants and a variable morbidity which increases in some years. From 1965 to 1980, about 125 cases of bites by Vipers latasti, 80 by V. aspis and 23 by V. seoanei received treatment. Fifty per cent of the cases received small doses of venom and presented proteolytic and coagulant reactions. With stronger doses the reactions were anticoagulant and hemolytic. Two cases affected by bites of V. aspis developed a neurotoxic syndrome with ptosis, dysphagia, dysphasia and paralysis of the bitten extremity. The specific treatment in the severe and moderate cases has been Pasteur and Zagreb antivenom.
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PMID:Clinical aspects of bites by viper in Spain. 708 48

Progressive limitation of occular motility, accompanied by ptosis but usually without diplopia, occurs in many pathologic states, including mitochondrial diseases. A case with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia with onset during childhood, associated with proximal myopathy and dysphasia is presented. The muscle biopsy showed a myopathic pattern and abnormal subsarcolemmal mitochondrial deposits. Muscle biopsy for important in the correct diagnosis of this entity.
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PMID:[External progressive ophthalmoplegia secondary to mitochondrial myopathy. Report of a case and review of the literature]. 1089 55

We report facial palsy as the sole cranial neuropathy complicating an ipsilateral internal carotid artery dissection. A previously healthy 44-year-old man developed retro-orbital and temporal headache with associated nausea while engaged in modest physical exercise. On the following morning he noticed a left ptosis and miotic pupil. One week later he woke with a left facial weakness. On the same day he had a 90-minute episode of expressive dysphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography demonstrated left internal carotid artery dissection. The temporal association between our patient's facial nerve palsy and typical features of spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection suggests a common aetiology. We suggest that involvement of the VII cranial nerve in isolation followed disruption of an anomalous nutrient artery. The delay in clinical manifestation may imply extension of the dissection.
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PMID:Facial nerve palsy secondary to internal carotid artery dissection. 1113 63

Focal dystonias are relatively rare and significantly disabling disorders. These include cervical dystonia, blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. The spasmodic torticollis consists of tonic posturing of the head away from its neutral position or twisting of the cervical muscles. The blepharospasm is an abnormal blinking, eyelid tic or twitch resulting from any cause. The hemifacial spasm is an involuntary unilateral twitching of the facial muscle. Patients affected by focal dystonias are predominantly females, and many times psychical stress can be revealed. The pathogenesis may involve dysfunction of the basal ganglia and brain stem although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. The patients need to be diagnosed and treated in centers specialized in movement disorders. Although many drug treatments can be beneficial, the most effective treatment is the local Botulinum toxin injection into the affected muscles. This neurotoxin produces temporary neuromuscular blockade, which reveals the symptoms and pain. The effect of the toxin is temporary and, therefore, the injection needs to be repeated every 6-12 weeks. The most common side effects are hypersensitivity, bleeding, hematoma, ptosis, facial spasm, dysphasia or dysarthria. With the use of proper dose and injection sites these side effects can be avoided.
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PMID:[Clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of focal dystonias]. 1176 Jun 45

Snakebite is an environmental hazard associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case series of venomous snakebites in a military operational area of north India. Of 33 cases of snake bites presenting to the military hospital, 21 patients were envenomated. The median age of patients was 24 years; all were men. All of the envenomations were neurotoxic in nature. Abdominal pain (91%), headache (86%), dysphagia (86%), ptosis (77%), diplopia (72%), blurred vision (72%), dyspnea (67%), and vomiting (62%) were the predominant clinical presentation. Polyvalent AntiSnakeVenom (ASV) [mean 180 ml; range 90-320 ml] was given to all patients with systemic manifestations, and repeated as needed. Eleven (52%) patients received neostigmine with glycopyrrolate to counter cholinergic effects. Two patients were given ventilatory support. The average time of recovery from envenomation was 16 hours after administration of ASV. All patients recovered without sequelae. Soldiers during military exercise are vulnerable to snakebites. Neurotoxic snakebites predominate in our study and usually present with autonomic features along with headache, abdominal pain, ptosis, diplopia and dysphasia. Preventive measures to minimize snake bites and planned treatment regimens should be emphasized among medical and military personnel deployed in the field operations.
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PMID:Clinical profile of venomous snake bites in north Indian Military Hospital. 1956 85

Between January 2005 and August 2011 141 victims of krait bite poisoning were admitted to the general hospital at Mahad. Clinical signs and symptoms preceding the development of neuroparalysis were analyzed. Fifty-six percent of patients were male. A total of 140 victims reported between midnight and 05:00. Patients awoke in the night due to abdominal colic (85%) and chest pain (72%). Patients gave a history of vomiting (42%), sweating (17%) and excessive salivation (35%). On arrival at hospital, 78% cases had dysphasia with pooling of saliva, 89% had heaviness in both eyelids and ptosis; 12.5% of patients died on the way to hospital while 13.47% died during treatment. In total, 74.46% recovered, and of these 48% needed artificial ventilation. The sudden onset of abdominal colic and vomiting in a person sleeping on the floor without a mosquito net led to neuroparalysis due to krait bite poisoning.
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PMID:Premonitory signs and symptoms of envenoming by common krait (Bungarus caeruleus). 2454 31

A 77-year-old woman with lung adenocarcinoma noticed bilateral ptosis 7 weeks after a first pembrolizumab infusion. Her symptoms rapidly progressed to generalized manifestations including limb and neck weakness, dyspnea, and dysphasia within the following two weeks. We diagnosed him with pembrolizumab-related myasthenia gravis and myositis based on clinical symptoms, elevation of muscle enzymes and anti-acetylcholine receptor antibodies, repetitive nerve stimulation and muscle biopsy. We commenced combination immunotherapy, including intravenous and oral steroid therapy, immune absorption therapy and plasma exchange therapy with noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation and tracheotomy positive pressure ventilation. She had gradual symptoms improvement and discharged after 209 days in a hospital. In this case, anti-titin antibodies, one of anti-striational antibodies, was positive and correlated with severity of myasthenia gravis. With the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors for various malignancies, clinicians should closely monitor patients for important immune-related adverse events and coordinate on early treatment.
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PMID:[A case of myasthenia gravis and myositis induced by pembrolizumab]. 3134 Nov 24