Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery (sICAD) causes, in more than 90% of patients, carotid territory ischemia, local signs and symptoms on the side of dissection, or both, whereas the remaining sICAD remain clinically asymptomatic. Local signs and symptoms include head, facial, or neck pain, Horner syndrome, pulsatile tinnitus, and cranial nerve palsy. Head, facial, or neck pain occurs in 64-74% and is the presenting symptom in up to 58.5%, and the only manifestation in 2.2-4.5%. Headache is observed in 65-68%, facial pain in 34-53%, and neck pain in 9-26%. Horner syndrome consisting essentially of miosis and ptosis is detected in 28-41%. Cranial nerve palsy is reported in 8-16%; the lower cranial nerves IX-XII are most commonly affected, in particular the hypoglossal nerve. The facial nerve may also be involved; dysgeusia results mainly from involvement of the chorda tympani (0.5-7.0%) or the glossopharyngeal nerve. Transient pareses of the ocular motor (III, IV and VI) and trigeminal nerves have been observed. Pulsatile tinnitus is reported in 16-27%. About three quarters of sICAD cause ischemic events, which include ischemic stroke in 80-84%, transient ischemic attack in 15-16%, amaurosis fugax in 3%, ischemic optic neuropathy in 4%, and retinal infarct in 1%. Patients with sICAD causing ischemia show a lower prevalence of Horner syndrome and palsy of the caudal cranial nerves than patients with sICAD causing no ischemic events, whereas headache, neck pain, and pulsatile tinnitus are equally frequent in both groups. After an ischemic stroke, independency defined by a moderate Rankin scale score of 0-2 occurs in 63-90%, whereas the outcome of retinal infarct and ischemic optic neuropathy are not well known.
 ...
PMID:Clinical manifestations of carotid dissection. 1729 Jan 13

Ventricular catheterization in the rat is a widely deployed procedure. Current options allow a one-time catheterization procedure, introducing an error due to the inter-individual variability. Six Fischer rats underwent left ventricular catheterization through the right carotid artery, repeated seven days later via the left carotid artery. We acquired volume and pressure data from each animal during both procedures. Volumes and pressures were plotted to construct pressure-volume loops at the two time-points. The neurological outcome and the gross anatomy of the heart were also evaluated. We did not observe any major behavioral or neurological alteration in any of the animals. We observed a Horner syndrome with palpebral ptosis and enophtalmus in one animal. At the macroscopic evaluation of the explanted hearts, we observed perforation of the left ventricle in one case. This is a safe, easy, and reproducible procedure; it can be performed twice in the same animal with no neurological consequences. It is particularly suitable for longitudinal studies, to minimize the statistical error due to inter-individual variability.
 ...
PMID:New and simplified method for multiple left ventricle catheterizations in small animals. 1880 19

A 54-year-old woman who underwent chest tube placement after a lung biopsy was found on the first postoperative day to have ipsilateral ptosis and miosis, suggesting a Horner syndrome. A chest CT scan showed that the tip of the chest tube was apposed to the stellate ganglion. Repositioning of the chest tube later on the first postoperative day led to complete reversal of the Horner syndrome within 24 hours. We propose that the Horner syndrome arose as a result of pressure on the stellate ganglion, which interrupted neural conduction but did not sever the sympathetic pathway ("neurapraxia"). Whether prompt repositioning of the chest tube was critical in reversing the Horner syndrome is uncertain.
 ...
PMID:Reversible chest tube horner syndrome. 1876 86

We present the case of a 40-year-old female patient with sudden onset of anisocoria and unilateral ptosis of the left eye. With the exception of several previous episodes of nausea and vomiting, mild headache and tiredness, combined with the early death of the patient's mother following aortic rupture, patient history and clinical condition showed no pathological findings. Following indicative findings on duplex sonography, a dissection of the left internal carotid artery from its origin to its distal section was detected on CT angiography of the brain vessels and the diagnosis of Horner syndrome due to internal carotid artery dissection was made. Since this condition is associated with serious embolic complications, prompt treatment following diagnosis is of utmost importance. Our patient was treated conservatively using PTT (partial thromboplastin time)-effective heparinisation. Regular checks including kidney ultrasound, blood pressure measurement, imaging and continuous therapy with acetylsalicylic acid are recommended.
 ...
PMID:[Anisocoria and nausea]. 1893 3

Horner syndrome, consisting of ipsilateral miosis, upper eye lid ptosis, and facial anhidrosis, has been reported as a rare complication of internal jugular vein catheterization. In this paper, we describe a nine-year-old girl presenting with postganglionic Horner syndrome, in whom right-sided ptosis and miosis occurred after ipsilateral percutaneous internal jugular venous catheterization.
 ...
PMID:A case of postganglionic Horner syndrome after catheterization of internal jugular vein confirmed with pharmacological tests. 1901 57

Syringomyelia (SM) is a disorder in which a cyst forms within the spinal cord. This cyst, called a syrinx, expands and elongates over time, destroying the center of the cord. Horner syndrome is an infrequent illness caused by a lesion of the cervical sympathetic nerve fiber. Its clinical features are facial anhidrosis, ptosis, miosis, and hypochromia iridis of the affected side. A full-term male newborn infant was admitted with weakness in bilateral upper extremities and narrowing of the palpebral fissure on the right side. Ophthalmologic examination revealed a smaller right pupil. Muscle power in bilateral upper limbs was 1/5. Chest X-ray and cranial magnetic resonance imaging were normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the cervicothoracic spine showed SM at C4-T2 level. Electromyographic examination revealed bilateral brachial plexus palsy. The diagnosis was of brachial plexus palsy and congenital Horner syndrome due to congenital cervicothoracic SM. According to our best knowledge, this association has not been reported in the literature.
 ...
PMID:Bilateral brachial plexus palsy and right Horner syndrome due to congenital cervicothoracal syringomyelia. 1976 26

Iatrogenic Horner syndrome is a rare complication of chest tube insertion, with little information available on this topic in the pediatric literature. We present a case of a 13-month-old boy with a left-sided pneumonia and an associated pleural effusion for which a chest tube was inserted. His respiratory and septic parameters improved, but he was noted to have ptosis, miosis, and anhydrosis of the left side. These resolved in the days after chest tube removal. Although tube thoracostomy is a common procedure in surgical practice, little is written about the potential for injury to the ipsilateral sympathetic chain. This report reviews the available literature, with an emphasis on complication avoidance.
 ...
PMID:Iatrogenic Horner syndrome after tube thoracostomy. 1985 64

Horner syndrome, a triad of ptosis, anisocoria, and anhidrosis, results from interruption in the oculosympathetic pathway. It is classically described as either congenital or acquired to depict its underlying pathophysiology and requisite work-up. We report a case of a 10-month-old infant presenting with an acute onset of left Horner syndrome secondary to a spontaneous extracranial internal carotid artery dissection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature of acute onset of acquired infantile Horner syndrome in association with spontaneous carotid artery dissection confirmed with magnetic resonance angiogram.
 ...
PMID:Acquired infantile Horner syndrome and spontaneous internal carotid artery dissection: a case report and review of literature. 2045 60

A 31-year-old man with cervical degenerative disc disease was seen at an outside institution for a right selective nerve root block at C7. Following the procedure, he had right ptosis and miosis. Pharmacologic testing confirmed a right Horner syndrome. MRI and MRA showed no arterial dissection. This report documents the unusual occurrence of permanent Horner syndrome following a selective cervical nerve root block.
 ...
PMID:Horner syndrome following a selective cervical nerve root block. 2084

A 46-year-old woman presented after blunt facial trauma for evaluation of bilateral orbital floor fractures, which were confirmed by clinical and radiographic examination. In addition, findings of right traumatic mydriasis and left traumatic ptosis were seen. On close investigation, miosis was noted on the side of the traumatic ptosis. Therefore, a workup for Horner syndrome was obtained, including neuro-ophthalmic consultation and magnetic resonance angiography of the neck. The magnetic resonance angiography showed an internal carotid pseudoaneurysm, an uncommon but potentially fatal complication of blunt carotid injury. The authors describe an interesting case where a life-threatening diagnosis was nearly masked by more common, benign pathology.
 ...
PMID:Traumatic ptosis and mydriasis masking Horner syndrome from an internal carotid pseudoaneurysm. 2094 Jun 57


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next >>