Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present a boy with blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, microcephaly, mild mental retardation, and growth delay. Chromosomal analysis revealed a male karyotype with an interstitial deletion in the long arm of chromosome 3. DNA-analysis showed that the deletion is of maternal origin and encompasses the region between markers D3S1535 and D3S1593. The deletion contains not only the FOXL2 gene, but also the gene encoding ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATR). Mutations in FOXL2 have been shown to cause blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES). ATR has been identified as a candidate gene for Seckel syndrome, an autosomal recessive syndrome that comprises growth retardation, microcephaly, and mental retardation. We hypothesize that our patient has a contiguous gene syndrome and that the non-BPES-associated abnormalities (microcephaly, mild mental retardation, and growth delay) are the result of the deletion of the maternal ATR gene. However, it has not yet been excluded that haploinsufficiency of some other gene in this region plays a role.
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PMID:Interstitial deletion in 3q in a patient with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) and microcephaly, mild mental retardation and growth delay: clinical report and review of the literature. 1601 81

The authors present the clinical case of a 5-month-old boy, affected by multimalformative syndrome with features of microdeletion 3q syndrome. In the literature so far, the real incidence is unknown because of its rarity. The goal of this study was to describe the salient findings of this rare malformative syndrome, which needs a multidisciplinary approach. The patient had 3q interstitial chromosome deletion (q22.1-q25.2). He showed the following clinical features: microcephaly, microphthalmia, epicantus inversus, blepharophimosis, palpebral ptosis, short neck with pterygium, brachycephaly, round face, hypotelorism, broad nasal bridge, beaked nose, large and low-set ears, soft cleft palate, retromicrognathia with large mouth, arthrogryposis of the superior limbs and knees in association with clinodactyly, overlapping of second and third digits of both hands and feet, and gastroesophageal reflux. The patient developed physical and motor development delay. He was affected by Dandy-walker malformation, characterized by cerebellum vermis hypoplasia. The placement of the patient in contiguous gene syndrome (Dandy walker syndrome, Pierre-Robin sequence, and Seckel syndrome) was carried out by a multidisciplinary team to have a holistic evaluation of clinical findings. Thanks to this approach, it was possible to establish a complete diagnostic and therapeutic course. The genetic analysis enables to arrange an assistive program. Surgeons' attention was focused on the malformations, which represented an obstacle for normal development and social life.
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PMID:Microdeletion 3q syndrome. 2206 67