Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A patient with actinomycosis, involving the meninges and right cavernous sinus, presented with diplopia due to a total right external ophthalmoplegia and left abduction weakness. These was partial right ptosis but the pupils were spared. The diagnosis was made by biopsy of a neck mass. A complete recovery was made in response to intravenous penicillin.
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PMID:Ophthalmoplegia due to actinomycosis. 294 22

Hydranencephaly is a rare developmental disorder in which the cerebral hemispheres are replaced by a cystic space filled with cerebrospinal fluid and covered by intact meninges. Ophthalmic findings include pupillary abnormalities, strabismus, nystagmus, ptosis, optic nerve hypoplasia, chorioretinitis, retinal vessel attenuation, and incomplete anterior chamber cleavage.
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PMID:Ophthalmic findings of hydranencephaly. 329 72

One hundred consecutive operations using the enlarged trans-labyrinthic (ETL) approach for acoustic neurinoma performed by the same surgeon were analyzed to determine incidence of venous and/or meningeal prolapses. Findings showed that ETL approaches were normal in 51 cases : normal superficial sinusodural space--external auditory canal and on deep dissection a superior petrous sinus and jugular space separated from the internal auditory canal. Prolapse was observed in 49 approaches : 30 very narrow sinusodural spaces due usually to temporal meninges prolapse (76%) associated in 25% of cases with a prolapse of lateral sinus; 29 prolapses of jugular space and 10 of superior petrous sinus, detected mainly in the narrow sinusodural spaces. In these cases, superficial displacement of the temporal meninges and lateral sinus appears indispensable in order to recover normal operating conditions towards the labyrinth and pontocerebellar angle.
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PMID:[Venous and meningeal prolapse during enlarged trans-labyrinth approach]. 368 28

We report 14 cases of extranodal sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy involving a variety of head and neck sites. The patients ranged in age from 3 to 70 years (median, 43 years). Nine cases occurred in women and five occurred in men. The clinical presentation varied depending on the site of occurrence and included nasal obstruction, stridor, proptosis, ptosis, decreased visual acuity, facial pain or tenderness, cranial nerve deficits, mandibular tenderness, and mass lesions. Head and neck sites involved by disease included the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, parotid gland, submandibular gland, larynx, temporal bone, infratemporal fossa, pterygoid fossa, meninges, and orbital region. The majority of patients presented with involvement of more than one site. Nodal involvement was identified in four patients. Special stains for microorganisms were negative. The sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy cells demonstrated an immunophenotypic profile supporting derivation from macrophage/histiocytic lineage. Treatment varied and included surgical excision with or without adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy) or steroids. Several patients required more extensive surgery as a result of extension of their disease to adjacent structures or due to recurrent disease. Twelve patients are alive and either free of disease or have persistent disease. Two patients died, one as a result of complications of disease.
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PMID:Extranodal sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) of the head and neck. 849 88

Rare cases of cerebral amebiasis have been described in AIDS patients. We report the case of a 46 year-old homosexual man with AIDS who developed an intermittent amnesia and a right palpebral ptosis. The cerebrospinal fluid contained 169 cells (75% lymphocytes). The patient died five days after hospitalization. Necropsy revealed thrombosis of small vessels of the periventricular regions as well as necrosis and hemorrhage of the periventricular tissue, cerebellum and brainstem. The inflammatory process was scarce and composed mainly of CD-68 positive macrophages. In these regions as well as in meninges there were many trophozoites of ameba of the Acanthamoeba group. Although cerebral amebiasis is rare even in AIDS, the clinician should be attentive to this diagnosis in patients with an insidious encephalitis and cerebral cognitive abnormalities, with or without focal motor signs.
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PMID:Cerebral amebiasis in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 947 63

We report a 73-year-old woman with meningitis-type neurosyphilis presenting the main symptom of the left total ophthalmoplegia. Three months after the appearance of the deviation of the eyeball to the inside and ptosis of the left eyelid, the left eyelid was completely closed. On admission, about four months after the appearance of neurosyphilis, she showed paralysis of the left oculomotor nerve, trochlearis nerve and abducens nerve, and the right mydriasis and absent light reflex. She was diagnosed as meningovascular neurosyphilis because syphilitic antibodies reactions in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid were highly positive. We treated her with intravenous infusion drop of penicillin G (eighteen-million units/day) for ten days, and those symptoms mentioned above other than light reflex were completely recovered. Bilateral internal carotid arteries situated close each other at the supraclinoid portion. The internal carotid arteries were not enhanced on Gd-MRI and the stenosis of the arteries were not detected on MRA. However, we suppose that the inflammation of meninges at that portion spreads to the bilateral internal carotid arteries, and that the III, IV and VI nerves close to the left internal carotid artery were damaged. There have been no reports of meningovascular neurosyphilis with the manifestation of unilateral ophthalmoplegia. In the patients of meningovascular neurosyphilis, however, various cranial nerve palsies can be appeared. Therefore we suggest that neurosyphilis should always be taken into consideration as differential diagnosis of cranial nerve palsies.
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PMID:[Neurosyphilis presenting the left total ophthalmoplegia: a case report]. 1528 13

A 62-year-old immunocompetent woman presented with 11 days of headache, 2 days of right eye ache and 1 day of fever and lethargy. Neurological examination revealed nuchal stiffness, right proptosis, bilateral ptosis, and right abducens palsy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination revealed elevated white cell count (164 /microl) and protein level (115 mg/dl). Cranial MRI showed sphenoid sinusitis, thromboses of the right superior ophthalmic vein, bilateral cavernous sinuses, left sphenoparietal sinus and left sigmoid sinus, and enhanced meninges. Purulent meningitis and multiple mycotic cerebral venous sinus thromboses were diagnosed. After empirical therapy with meropenem, fever persisted and CSF cell count further elevated (668/microl on day 3). Additional treatment with liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) and low-dose heparin from day 3 ameliorated her symptoms and lowered her CSF cell count. Laboratory test on admission later revealed elevated serum aspergillus antigen (index = 3.6) and positive blood culture for streptococcus viridans. L-AMB was replaced by voriconazole due to skin rash, and the latter was changed to itraconazole due to drug-induced hepatitis. She was discharged without complication and has been free of recurrence for 7 months. Aspergillus has a propensity to invade cerebral vessels and meninges, causing local thrombosis and meningitis with high mortality and morbidity. Direct penetration from adjacent sphenoid sinus can be a cause of cavernous sinus thrombosis, due to extreme thinness of the wall of sphenoid sinus. Cerebral venous sinuses lack valves, and this may facilitate the spread of mycotic thrombus to the other sinuses. Early preemptive treatment with antimycotic agents brought a favorable outcome to our patient.
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PMID:[Successful treatment of multiple sinus thromboses and meningitis due to aspergilli and alpha-streptococci with preemptive antimycotic therapy: a case report]. 2096 Sep 32

A 21-y-old female rhesus macaque presented with signs of internal and external ophthamoplegia, including anisocoria and ptosis. Ophthalmoplegia is the paralysis or weakness of one or more intraocular or extraocular muscles that control the movement of eye; this condition can be caused by neurologic or muscle disorders. The macaque was euthanized due to progression of clinical symptoms, and postmortem gross examination revealed a mass at the base of the brain attached to the meninges. Histopathologic examination led to the diagnosis of intracranial meningioma. Here we describe a case of intracranial meningioma with internal and external ophthalmoplegia in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta).
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PMID:Intracranial meningioma with ophthalmoplegia in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). 2311 48

Intraorbital meningoencephaloceles occur most commonly as a complication of traumatic orbital roof fractures. Nontraumatic congenital orbital meningoncephaloceles are very rare, with most secondary to destructive processes affecting the orbit and primary skull defects. Treatment for intraorbital meningoencephaloceles is surgical repair, involving the excision of herniated brain parenchyma and meninges and reconstruction of the osseous defect. Most congenital lesions present in infancy with obvious globe and orbital deformities; we report an orbital meningoencephalocele in a 3-year-old girl who presented with ptosis.
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PMID:Nontraumatic orbital roof encephalocele. 2799 31