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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We believe there is a significant association between migraine and the prolapse mitral valve syndrome. Propranolol is the drug of choice in these patients for the treatment and prevention of migraine. Increased platelet aggregability may be the common pathophysiologic mechanism as relates to emboli from the valve and possibly in strokes related to migraine. Recognition of the association of the two syndromes will result in appropriate subacute bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis for patients at risk as well as prevention of improper medication to those patients with migraine who are at risk for stroke.
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PMID:Migraine and the mitral valve prolapse syndrome. 26 94

A prospective study on 386 consecutive patients affected of ischemic stroke (IS) has been analysed in relation to etiologies, comparing them with a control group of 100 people. The atherotrombotic etiology subgroups are associated with family history of stroke, risk factors, atheromatosis, occlusive peripheral arteriopathy, previous of stroke, high levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin, impaired lipid fractions and high levels of uric acid. The cardiac embolism etiology subgroups are associated with the presence of personal history of stroke, just as the mitral valva prolapse (MVP) patients group. The migraine group is significantly related with the intake of oral contraceptives.
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PMID:Ischemic stroke in young adults. II. Analysis of risk factors in the etiological subgroups. 236 Mar 98

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP), the most frequently encountered valvular condition in the population, has been reported in an increasing variety of neurologic, muscular, and psychiatric disorders during the last twelve years. Extensive review of reports indicates this has resulted from observations of either (1) inordinate incidence of MVP in well-defined neurologic entities or (2) development of neurologic or ophthalmologic complications attributed to MVP. In the review presented, basis is found for categorizing MVP by its association with (1) well-defined, genetically determined neurologic disorders; (2) disorders characterized by structural abnormalities, many genetically determined, or inflammatory processes of connective tissues; (3) "mechanical" prolapse resulting from disproportion of mitral valve annulus and left ventricular size, which is, at times, reversible; and (4) a generally asymptomatic state that, at times, is associated with ischemic, thrombotic, embolic, and infectious disorders of the brain and eye. The paradox between the large number of persons with MVP in the general population who remain healthy and a subpopulation of patients with complications of MVP (eg, stroke) or other entities has been identified. A second paradox is found between the well-known increased incidence of MVP, especially in young patients with stroke, and the apparent rarity of stroke among patients with both common (eg, migraine) and unusual (eg, myotonic dystrophy) neurologic entities in which an extraordinary high prevalence of MVP is known to exist.
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PMID:Neurologic aspects of mitral valve prolapse. 266 5

Cerebrovascular accidents were observed in patients with migraine, and systematic investigation for the presence of a mitral valve prolapse was positive in all cases. Precise diagnosis requires ultrasonography examination. The pathogenicity of the cerebrovascular accidents in these patients could involve an emboligenic mechanism related to the prolapse of the mitral valve.
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PMID:[Cerebrovascular accidents in patients with migraine (author's transl)]. 625

In seven patients with intracranial meningioma whose presenting signs and symptoms were ophthalmologic the underlying problem was initially misdiagnosed. Three patients had sphenoidal meningiomas with compression of the anterior visual pathways, but the initial diagnoses were acute optic neuritis, chronic optic neuritis and glaucoma. Two other patients had large frontal meningiomas causing in one case unilateral pain and swelling of the upper lid plus ptosis and hypotropia, and in the other case bilateral frontal morning headaches and intermittent blurring of vision in one eye; they were thought to have a frontal lobe osteoma and migraine respectively. A sixth patient had a large parietal meningioma causing unilateral papilledema in an eye with a corneal graft; the papilledema was not initially recognized because of severe astigmatism in that eye. The last patient had an occipital meningioma that had caused a fixed homonymous field defect and many years of "classic migraine".
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PMID:Meningioma and the ophthalmologist: diagnostic pitfalls. 719 8

Mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome is one of the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies that has distinct clinical features including stroke-like episodes with migraine-like headache, nausea, vomiting, encephalopathy and lactic acidosis. We report a 27-year-old woman who presented with partial seizure, stroke-like episodes including hemiparesis, hemianopia and hemihypethesia, sensorineural hearing loss, migraine-like headache, and lactic acidosis. Brain computed tomographic scan showed encephalomalacia in the right parieto-occipital area and recent hypodensity in the left temporoparieto-occipital area with cortical atrophy. Muscle biopsy revealed ragged-red fibers and paracrystaline inclusions in the mitochondria. Genetic study revealed an A to G point mutation at nucleotide position (np) 3243 of mitochondrial DNA. External ophthalmoplegia and ptosis were also found during two exaggerated episodes in this patient. Therefore, the overlapping syndrome of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia in the MELAS syndrome is considered in this case. Furthermore, we also found carnitine deficiency in this patient and she was responsive well to steroid therapy. Muscle biopsy also revealed excessive lipid droplets deposits. Therefore, the carnitine deficiency may occur in MELAS syndrome with the A to G point mutation at np 3243. We recommend the steroid or carnitine supplement therapy be applied to the MELAS syndrome with carnitine deficiency.
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PMID:CPEO and carnitine deficiency overlapping in MELAS syndrome. 748 81

Fifty patients with prolapse of the mitral valve and clinical diagnosis of migraine are analyzed, all being given a cardio-circulatory examination for an adequate clinical correlation between both illnesses. In this study we show a comparison of the patient's age, the duration and frequency of cephalic attacks, and their relationship to prolapse of the mitral valve, commenting on the therapeutic benefits for these patients. An analysis of the data which are presented suggests a common frequency of migraine among those patients who have mitral valve degeneration.
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PMID:[Migraine headache and syndrome of mitral valve prolapse. Report of 50 cases]. 789 10

The alteration of extracranial blood flow in conjunction with clinical signs of autonomic nervous system dysfunction have led to various explanations concerning the pathophysiology of migraine headache. Reflex sympathetic dystrophy, a painful disorder of the sympathetic nervous system, can be treated by blocking the sympathetic nerves located in the stellate ganglion, resulting in vasodilation, ptosis, miosis, and anhydrosis. In theory, these changes could trigger a migraine headache attack secondary to autonomic dysfunction reflecting an imbalance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. This may be especially true in a patient with a previous history of meningitis that may have resulted in a disorder of cerebrovascular regulation. We report a 56-year-old man with no previous history of migraine who developed migraine with aura after a stellate ganglion block. These episodic headaches occurred with decreasing frequency and severity for over 6 months, with eventual complete resolution. This interesting phenomenon has not been reported in the English literature and may help to better understand the pathophysiology of migraine.
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PMID:Migraine headache following stellate ganglion block for reflex sympathetic dystrophy. 868 79

Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome is an uncommon neurologic disorder characterized by oculosympathetic paralysis, including ptosis and miosis. In the ED, this syndrome can be easily confused with Horner's syndrome, although with Raeder's syndrome trigeninal nerve irritation and preservation of facial sweating are noted. This report reviews a case of a 62-year-old man who presented to the ED with signs and symptoms consistent with Raeder's syndrome. MRI with angiography revealed a carotid artery dissection, and the patient was admitted and anticoagulated. The syndrome has been associated with head trauma, hypertension, vasculitis, migraine headaches, parasellar mass lesions, and internal carotid artery dissections. Hence, treatment of the patient who has Raeder's syndrome is dependent on the specific underlying lesion.
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PMID:Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome: a case report. 887 Jul 59

A 31-year-old woman had left-sided miosis, ptosis, and hypopigmented iris probably since birth. At 22, she developed intermittent headaches, always in the left frontotemporal region. These headaches lasted from 1 to 2 days and recurred every 1-2 months. Pain attacks were pressing-pulsatile in character, moderate in intensity, and frequently accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and moderate phono- and photophobia. Various treatment alternatives, such as conventional analgesics and ergotamine failed to improve the attacks. Pizotifen was partially effective. The results of pupillometry and evaporimetry studies were consistent with a 3rd neuron sympathetic hypofunction on the symptomatic side. Autonomic studies and clinical features were consistent with a congenital Horner's syndrome. Conceivably, a sympathetic hypofunction may play a role in the pathogenesis of such headache or in its lateralization. Indomethacin and sumatriptan both seemed to provide absolute pain relief. Some clinical features, the fact that the IHS criteria for migraine are fulfilled and that sumatriptan is efficient, demonstrate the similarity to migraine. The coexistence of strict unilaterality of pain and the probable, complete response to indomethacin indicate a similarity to hemicrania continua in its remitting form. Further information on the effect of sumatriptan in hemicrania continua will help clarify the position of this case vs. hemicrania continua. At this stage, it is probably not possible to classify this case properly.
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PMID:Congenital (?) Horners syndrome and ipsilateral headache. 921 66


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