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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Long-term complications of pterygium excision and beta irradiation in 63 eyes of 57 patients are described. The age of the patients at treatment ranged from 27 to 69 years (mean 48 +/- 11), and complications were assessed 3 to 20 years later (mean 12 +/- 3). The pterygia were excised, leaving bare sclera, and beta irradiation of total dose 750 to 5200 rads (mean 3475 +/- 916) was given, except in 7 patients who had repeated courses or overlapping fields of beta irradiation. Scleral ulceration was present in 51 eyes and sectorial lens opacities with normal visual acuity (VA) in 19 eyes. Radiation induced cataract occurred in 3 eyes, with reduced vision. Ptosis, symblepharon, and iris atrophy were also seen. Pseudomonas endophthalmitis occurred in 4 patients with scleral ulceration. Beta irradiation to prevent recurrence of pterygia is a significant cause of iatrogenic ocular disease. There is a need to modify the beta irradiation dosimetry at present in use.
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PMID:Late complications of pterygium treatment. 696 90

Corneovitreal attachment represents a major risk to the corneal graft in aphakic eyes. A frequent event after cataract extraction is the hernia-like prolapse of the vitreous into the anterior chamber, sometimes up to the posterior surface of the cornea. Herniation of the vitreous can also occur when keratoplasty and cataract extraction are carried out simultaneously. If the vitreous adherens to the cornea, the young graft becomes opaque. The possibility of vitreous hernia is the most important objection against combined operation. In a few of our cases the cause of the opacification of the graft was corneovitreal contact following the spontaneous internal prolapse of the vitreous. Clear evidence of this was found in the course of reoperations. The opaque grafts obtained proved to be hyalokeratopathies histologically.
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PMID:[Hyalokeratopathy of the corneal graft caused by spontaneous herniation of the vitreous (author's transl)]. 704 6

The temporal modulation sensitivity function was studied in eight strabismic and/or anisometropic amblyopes and in two subjects with amblyopia resulting from monocular stimulus deprivation (cataract and ptosis). Half of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes showed a reduction in the sensitivity of the amblyopic eye. These differences were more marked at low and middle temporal frequencies. Two strabismic/anisometropic observers showed little difference in sensitivity between the two eyes, but in the remaining two observers the amblyopic eye was slightly more sensitive to low-frequency modulation than was the nonamblyopic eye. Four of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes also showed a small (5% to 10%) but statistically significant difference in the critical fusion frequency, with the sensitivity of the amblyopic eye being reduced. These differences in sensitivity were not related to the visual acuity loss. However, all differences in sensitivity between the two eyes were reduced or eliminated when the mean luminance of the test field was decreased by 2 log units form 32 to 0.32 cd/m2, or with suprathreshold stimulation. One of the two stimulus-deprivation amblyopes showed a decrease in sensitivity to low and middle temporal modulation frequencies similar to that found in four of in sensitivity to low and middle temporal modulation frequencies similar to similar to that found in four of the strabismic/anisometropic amblyopes, and the other observer showed a marked decrease in sensitivity at all temporal frequencies. The losses in temporal resolution of the amblyopic eye in both strabismic/anisometropic and stimulus-deprivation amblyopia are small in comparison with those reported in the spatial domain.
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PMID:Psychophysical investigations of the temporal modulation sensitivity function in amblyopia: uniform field flicker. 706 Dec 20

Significant alcohol ingestion during pregnancy can cause a spectrum of malformation of various degrees of severity in offspring. The full expression of "fetal alcohol syndrome" includes reduced growth, facial anomalies, and mental retardation. Affected infants are usually of near-term gestation, but small in weight and length. They continue to exhibit decreased growth postnatally. Mental retardation appears to be related to the degree of dysmorphic severity of appearance. It is primarily caused by central nervous system pathology rather than social environment. The most prevalent ophthalmologic finding in our series of a short horizontal palpebral fissure appears to be due primarily to a marked increased in intercanthal distances between the medial canthi (primary telecanthus) and to less extent mild displacement of the lateral canthi. Ptosis, often asymmetric, was noted in a number of patients. Comitant convergent strabismus was present in about 50% of our cases; a few had amblyopia. An important observation was the frequent and often high degree of myopia in these children. Low-incidence anomalies include corneal opacities (Peters anomaly in one), cataract, tortuosity of retinal vessels, and long eyelashes. Our findings plus many observations in the literature establish that children with fetal alcohol syndrome are at considerable risk for a variety of eye problems.
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PMID:Fetal alcohol syndrome. 726 59

9 patients are presented on whom anterior vitrectomy was performed. The indications included congenital rubella cataract with microphthalmos, traumatic cataract, persistent anterior and posterior hyperplastic primary vitreous, postcataract pupillary membranes, and postcataract vitreous prolapse with cystoid mascular edema. All patients to date have responded satisfactorily to the procedure. There has been no incidence of complicating retinal detachment.
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PMID:Use of the ocutome in anterior segment surgery. 734 59

Congenital anomalies of the eye occurring in Potter's syndrome have been described, including leucoma cornea, cataract and prolapse of the lens, and expulsive hemorrhage in one eye. The etiological aspects of this association are discussed.
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PMID:Potter's syndrome with ocular anomalies. 739 9

Extracapsular extraction of infantile cataract often leads to the development of secondary cataract. The object of this paper is to describe conditions leading to secondary cataract. Between 1960 and 1976, 251 children up to 12 years of age with bilateral congenital cataract were treated and followed up. Surgery was performed on 305 eyes (171 children). The total number of surgical interventions amounted to 707. In 125 cases, the occurrence of secondary cataract necessitated a second operation. Only through the posterior capsulotomy we were able to provide permanently clear optic media. In 85% of the cases with primary intact posterior capsules a secondary cataract operation was necessary within four years; in infants secondary cataract developed especially quickly. In 68 cases capsulotomy was accomplished during the primary surgical intervention. -- Traumatically induced aphakias were also investigated. In 441 cases with perforating injuries, 221 cases presented with considerable damage to the lens. Because of further complications a functional aphakia could only be achieved in 77 cases. Secondary cataract surgery was performed in 40 cases. -- The risk of late complications increases with insufficient application of atropine in the postoperative period, thereby inducing the formation of posterior synechiae. In the few cases where retinal detachment was observed, a vitreous prolapse into the anterior chamber, with the appearance of anterior synechias, was always present. -- Our observations led us to the following conclusions: Secondary cataract is an unavoidable consequence in cases where the posterior capsule remains intact. Since the preservation of an intact posterior capsule should remain the goal of the first intervention, the invariable occurrence of the secondary cataract should not be looked upon as a complication but rather as an inevitable condition to be treated in a mandatory second operation.
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PMID:[Secondary cataract in aphakic children (author's transl)]. 745 16

The authors report on the fairly inexpensive Kaufman-II vitrector which has proved useful and appropriate in "open-sky" vitrectomy. It has been successfully employed in the following applications: 1) aspiration of vitreous, e.g., in the event of vitreous loss during cataract operations; 2) in cases of perforating injuries with prolapse of vitreous; 3) in cases of vitreous abscesses after cataract operations; 4) in cases of hemorrhage into the anterior segment; 5) removal of lens capsule remnants and dense vitreous membranes behind the pupillary plane which render examination of the fundus impossible.
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PMID:[Kaufman-II vitrector in "open-sky" vitrectomy (author's transl)]. 745 32

This study evaluated vision immediately after surgery in 56 consecutive patients (31 who had topical anesthesia and 25 who had retrobulbar anesthesia) for cataract extraction by phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation. An unbiased, trained nurse measured uncorrected and best corrected visual acuities one hour, one day, and one week after surgery. One hour after surgery, patients in the topical anesthesia group had significantly better visual acuity than those in the retrobulbar anesthesia group. One day and one week after surgery there was no difference between the groups in visual acuity. In the topical anesthesia patients, there were no complications. In the retrobulbar anesthesia patients, ptosis occurred in 19 patients at one hour, in 4 patients at one day, and in 1 patient after one week; diplopia occurred in 13 patients at one hour.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1995 May
PMID:Immediate visual capability after cataract surgery: topical versus retrobulbar anesthesia. 767 67

I describe two cases of iris prolapse after sutureless 5.1 mm clear corneal incision cataract surgery with implantation of a 5 mm poly(methyl methacrylate) lens. Both patients reported having exerted localized digital pressure on the globe peripheral to the temporally located incision. Following resection of the prolapse, the pupil was reconstructed in situ using a translimbal transfixation technique. The prolapse and other observed complications (e.g., transient pupillary capture, delayed endophthalmitis) indicate that 5.1 mm clear corneal incisions do not provide adequate stability if localized pressure is exerted peripheral to the wound. Thus, securing the incisions with a radial 10-0 nylon suture is strongly advocated to provide sufficient wound stability against deformation.
J Cataract Refract Surg 1995 May
PMID:Delayed iris prolapse with unsutured 5.1 mm clear corneal incisions. 767 77


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