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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifteen years after a partial maxillectomy and radiation therapy for left antral carcinoma, a 53-year-old woman presented to the Eye Plastics and Orbit Service of the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, with phthisis and a large, black corneal lesion in the left eye. She had been treated for unilateral glaucoma in the left eye for more than 10 years with topically administered epinephrine borate, timolol maleate, and pilocarpine hydrochloride. Clinically, the lesion was smooth, black, and homogeneous, and was thought to represent uveal prolapse covered by a thin layer of epithelium. An eyelid-sparing anterior exenteration was performed. Histopathologic examination revealed an acellular, homogeneous substance that stained positively with the Fontana Masson stain for melanin and bleached with potassium permanganate, findings consistent with corneal adrenochrome deposition. Since adrenochrome can be easily dissected free from the cornea, this case illustrates that misdiagnosing adrenochrome deposition may lead to unnecessary surgery.
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PMID:'Black cornea' after long-term epinephrine use. 152 Jan 15

94 maternal deaths and 1546 fetal and neonatal deaths were registered among 28,706 births at the CHU Averroes in Casablanca between 1978-80. 45% of women who deliver at the clinic are very poor and only 10% are relatively well off. Obstetrical antecedents were noted in 27% of the fetal deaths. 70% of the maternal deaths occurred in women aged 20-34. 32 maternal deaths occurred among 16,232 women with 1-2 children, 30 among 6514 women with 3-5 children, and 32 among 5960 women with 6-14 children. 11,027 of the 28,706 were primaparas. Perinatal mortality was 4.46% among primaparas, 8.24% among grand multiparas, and 4.1% among secondiparas. In 58 of the 94 cases of maternal mortality the woman was hospitalized after attempting delivery at home or in a village clinic. Among women with 1 or 2 children, hemorrhage was the cause of death in 8 cases, infection in 7 cases, eclampsia in 3 cases, thromboembolism in 2 cases, uterine inversion in 2 cases, pulmonary tuberculosis in 1 case, embolism in 5 cases, and other causes 1 case each. Among women with 3-5 children hemorrhage was the cause of death in 10 cases, septicemia in 3 cases, uterine rupture in 3 cases, eclampsia in 3 cases, uterine inversion in 2 cases, viral hepatitis in 2 cases, emboli in 2 cases, and other reasons 1 case each. Among grand multiparas hemorrhage was the cause of death in 11 cases, uterine rupture in 12 cases, peritonitis in 2 cases, eclampsia in 2 cases, emboli in 2 cases, and other causes 1 case each. 19 of the maternal deaths were judged to have been avoidable with better management. Prematurity and birth weight of 1000-2500 g associated or not with other pathology were found in 714 of 1546 perinatal deaths. Of 390 cases of death in utero with retention and maceration, 68 were caused by reno-vascular syndromes, 76 by maternal infections, 33 by maternal syphilis, 26 by fetal malformation, 18 by maternal diabetes, 10 by Rh incompatability, and 159 by indeterminate causes. In 795 cases of intrapartum mortality without maceration, 114 were caused by retroplacental hematomas, 61 by placenta previa, 74 by uterine rupture, 119 by prolapse of the cord, 51 by fetal malformation, 45 by dystochia, 53 by twin pregnancies, 104 by fetal distress, 44 by obstetrical trauma, 55 by prematurity, and 75 by undetermined causes. In 361 cases of early neonatal mortality, 88 were caused by renovascular syndromes, 24 by diabetes, 13 by Rh incompatibility, 34 by placenta previa, 94 by prematurity, 28 by fetal malformation, 35 by fetal infections, 31 by fetal distress, and 14 by obstetrical trauma. The rates of maternal and perinatal mortality are very high compared to those of European countries.
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PMID:[Maternal mortality and perinatal mortality]. 720 85

The medical records of 32 horses treated for iris prolapse (IP) during an 8 year period, at the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, were reviewed. Iris prolapse was associated with perforated corneal ulcers in 15 horses (47%), ruptured stromal abscesses in 2 horses (6%), and full thickness corneal lacerations in 15 horses (47%). Initial ophthalmic examinations revealed IP with severe iridocyclitis in all eyes and keratomalacia in 8 eyes with corneal ulcers, one with a stromal abscess and 1 with a corneal laceration. Hyphema was present in 7 eyes with corneal lacerations. Thirty horses were managed with combined medical and surgical therapy. Two horses were only treated medically with topically administered antibiotics. Of the 24 perforations surgically repaired, 21 were closed primarily and 13 were then covered with a conjunctival graft. After combined therapy and a minimum of 4 months of follow-up, vision was retained in 6 of the horses (40%) with perforating corneal disease and 5 of the horses (33%) with perforating corneal lacerations. Post operatively, of the 11 (37%) horses blind at discharge, 6 (55%) subsequently developed phthisis bulbi. Enucleations were performed in 4 cases with extensive keratomalacia and/or endophthalmitis, 2 cases with limbal rupture and total hyphema, and one case with a chronic IP. One horse was subjected to euthanasia after 3 surgical treatments failed to stabilise stromal melting. Horses presented with ulcerative keratitis of fewer than 15 days duration, or horses with corneal lacerations less than 15 mm in length, tended to have a favourable visual outcome. Keratomalacia, hyphema, corneal lacerations longer than 15 mm and lacerations extending to, along, or beyond the limbus, adversely influenced visual outcome. Iridectomy did not appear clinically to exacerbate anterior uveitis or adversely affect visual outcome. Ocular survival following combined therapy was 80% (12/15) in horses with corneal lacerations and 67% (10/15) in horses with ulcerative keratitis.
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PMID:Visual outcome and ocular survival following iris prolapse in the horse: a review of 32 cases. 903 61

Manifestations of herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) infection are well known in HIV-seropositive White patients in developed countries, but this association has not been previously noted in African AIDS patients. This paper analyzes 8 cases (3 men and 5 women) 24-40 years of age who were treated at the Eye Department of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, for HZO in 1994-97. Of the 6 patients who consented to HIV screening, 4 were HIV-seropositive. One of the HIV-infected patients had been treated for pulmonary tuberculosis a year prior to the present illness, but the remaining 7 were in apparent good health. The patients presented with skin eruptions in the area of distribution of the trigeminal nerve on the affected side of the face and head. Visual acuity was impaired in all 8 cases. The most common ocular findings were lid edema, ptosis, conjunctival infection, corneal anesthesia, keratitis, uveal inflammation, and abnormal pupillary reaction. The severity of presentation was similar in HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients and all improved during follow-up; however, clinical improvement was less rapid or pronounced among the HIV-positive patients. These findings suggest that HZO infection in young Africans should be regarded as a possible indicator of HIV infection.
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PMID:Herpes zoster ophthalmicus and HIV infection in Nigeria. 970 97

This paper discusses the contribution offered by radiological techniques to the diagnosis of the medical and surgical complications of anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia (BN) with the aim of providing general indications as to their use and suggesting the best-suited techniques. In the broad field of the complications of malnourishment, the use of magnetic resonance (MR) instead of computed tomography (CT) in the assessment of brain atrophy provides much more information at a better cost-benefit ratio. Like brain atrophy, other complications may be chance radiographic findings, such as cathartic colon and colon ptosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis and the presence of bronchopneumonia in conditions of malnutrition demand that conventional X-rays be supplemented by high-resolution CT scans, MR and echotomography. When checking for parotidomegaly and polycystic ovary, the best imaging technique is echotomography. Radiologists are also called upon to express their view in the case of emergencies such as the rupture of the esophagus and osteoporosis-induced fractures.
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PMID:Imaging techniques in the management of anorexia and bulimia nervosa. 1764 69

Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) has become an essential technique for the management of advanced intraocular retinoblastoma (RB). In this study, the aim of this article is to describe the clinical results and the short-term complications of IAC performed in our hospital.We retrospectively analyzed patients with newly diagnosed unilateral advanced intraocular (group D or E) RB undergoing IAC from October 2016 to December 2017 in our hospital. We recorded the data including age, gender, cycles of IAC, pathway of arteries approached (ophthalmic artery or middle meningeal artery), ocular and systematic complications, globe salvage.Sixty-one patients underwent IAC performing 189 procedures with a median of 3.1 sessions per eye (range, 1-5 sessions). The overall globe salvage rate is 78.7% (Group D (84.2%), and Group E (69.6%) and followed-up. Short-term ocular complications include eyelid edema (15 cases), ptosis (5 cases), forehead congestion (3 cases), retina hemorrhage (5 cases), choroid atrophy (2 cases), phthisis bulbi (1 case), bradycardia and hypotension during the procedure (7cases), myelosuppressions (6 cases), and nausea and vomiting (5cases).IAC is safe and effective for the treatment of unilateral advanced intraocular RB with a very low complication rate.
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PMID:Intra-arterial chemotherapy for unilateral advanced intraocular retinoblastoma: Results and short-term complications. 3033 50