Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Focal dystonias are relatively rare and significantly disabling disorders. These include cervical dystonia, blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm. The spasmodic torticollis consists of tonic posturing of the head away from its neutral position or twisting of the cervical muscles. The blepharospasm is an abnormal blinking, eyelid tic or twitch resulting from any cause. The hemifacial spasm is an involuntary unilateral twitching of the facial muscle. Patients affected by focal dystonias are predominantly females, and many times psychical stress can be revealed. The pathogenesis may involve dysfunction of the basal ganglia and brain stem although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. The patients need to be diagnosed and treated in centers specialized in movement disorders. Although many drug treatments can be beneficial, the most effective treatment is the local Botulinum toxin injection into the affected muscles. This neurotoxin produces temporary neuromuscular blockade, which reveals the symptoms and pain. The effect of the toxin is temporary and, therefore, the injection needs to be repeated every 6-12 weeks. The most common side effects are hypersensitivity, bleeding, hematoma, ptosis, facial spasm, dysphasia or dysarthria. With the use of proper dose and injection sites these side effects can be avoided.
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PMID:[Clinical symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of focal dystonias]. 1176 Jun 45

Leiomyoma, a benign smooth muscle tumour of uterus, is the most common pelvic tumour which occurs in women of reproductive age group. Uterine leiomyomas are frequently seen in women who are older than 30 years of age and they are very rarely seen in women who are below the age of 18 years. They tend to regress after menopause. Incidence is 4% in women who are below 30 years of age. However , lifetime risk of fibroids in women who are over the age of 45 years is more than 60%, with an incidence which is higher in blacks than in whites Cervical leiomyomas constitute 1-2% of the total leiomyoma cases and they rarely occur. There are three types of cervical leiomyomas, namely; interstitial, supravaginal, and polypoidal. Supravaginal leiomyoma is the commonest type. Large cervical fibroids present with abdominal masses, incarcerated procidentia, uterine inversion, cervical malignancy, etc. The prevalence of fibroids during pregnancy, irrespective of site, has been reported to be 1-4%. Degeneration in leiomyomas have been described in 65% of the cases. Myxoid leiomyoma is characterized by absence of mito tic activity and the presence of myogenic phenotype. The higher end of prevalence for a myxoid degeneration has been reported in upto 50% of all degenerations in uterus, but myxoid leiomyoma has been rarely described in cervix. Cause of a myxoid change in pregnancy is unknown.
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PMID:Myxoid leiomyoma of cervix. 2455 88