Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Under field conditions a 97.8% success rate was achieved for caesarean operations performed on ewes with live or freshly dead lambs present in utero. Where lambs were in moderate to advanced stages of autolysis and emphysema the survival rate of the dam was 57.1%. Neither the presence of a vaginal prolapse nor abortion appeared to have an influence on the survival rate of the ewe. Interference and trauma to the posterior reproductive tract prior to veterinary examination reduced the success rate of cases. Ewes with a history during gestation of a prolapsed vagina were 10 times more likely to require a caesarean operation to correct the dystocia than normal ewes. A range of haematological variables failed to give an accurate prognostic guide to the outcome of surgery. A caesarean operation is recommended in preference to euthanasia of a ewe that could have been considered a poor-risk surgical case. Fetotomy was not possible in cases where emphysematous lambs were present in utero.
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PMID:Ovine caesarean operations: a study of 137 field cases. 259 Aug 26

Belching and severe vomiting may lead in association with gastro-oesophageal prolapse to a variety of lesions within the gastro-oesophageal junction. Incarceration of the prolapse, diffuse hemorrhage from the prolapsed mucosa, longitudinal lacerations (Mallory-Weiss syndrome), intramural hematoma and spontaneous rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) are the most common complications. Based on 4 cases of incomplete rupture of the oesophagus we would like to draw attention to a disorder with mediastinal emphysema or pneumopericardium following severe vomiting. It is postulated that air escapes from a mucosal tear in the terminal oesophagus into the mediastinum. Conservative treatment seems justified.
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PMID:[Incomplete spontaneous esophageal rupture - a variant of the Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave syndrome?]. 688 Mar 17

Two cachectic, obtunded patients were seen with unilateral periorbital emphysema resembling ptosis as a primary manifestation of pneumothorax. Speculation is made as to the possible role of malnutrition in this unusual manifestation. Spontaneous pneumothorax should be considered in the obtunded patient with ptosis that is poorly explained by other neurologic findings.
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PMID:Ptosis associated with iatrogenic pneumothorax: a false lateralizing sign. 705 15

The results of the first twelve cases of Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy, are presented. The indications for hysterectomy were myomatosis, suspicion of adenomyosis and endometriosis. The surgical technique is described in detail in which a combination of bipolar Kleppinger forceps and reusable scissors were employed. There were two intraoperative accidents. One subcutaneous emphysema of the left half of the abdominal wall, thorax, neck, face and upper limb. The second case was a damage to a branch of the left epigastric artery. The average time was 4 hours 31 minutes which includes 9 patients to which another surgical procedure was practiced. There was no significant bleeding in any of the patients. The postoperative complications were 1 hyponatremia that needed the use of an Intensive Care Unit and the other was periumbilical hematoma of 3 cm. of diameter. The patient was discharged on the one to three postoperative day with an average of two days. The average hospital fee was 35% higher than an abdominal hysterectomy. All the surgery were videotaped and later viewed by the patients. It was concluded that the laparoscopic assistance that is offered to the vaginal hysterectomy is particularly advantageous for hysterectomy especially in the cases where absence of genital prolapse, when uni or bilateral Adnexectomy is required, previous past history of abdomino-pelvic surgery, endometriosis and adhesions. This procedure should be included in the armamentarium of the Gynecological Surgeons but only after and appropriate training.
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PMID:[Laparoscopic hysterectomy. Initial experience]. 816 16

Tracheal rupture occurred in 7 of 174 (4%) patients undergoing laryngopharyngectomy with gastric transposition. Tracheal tears were classified as proximal if they involved the upper two-thirds of the trachea (five patients), or distal if they extended into the lower one-third of the trachea (two patients) and their clinical features and management analyzed. Predisposing factors, including prior radiotherapy (three patients) and preoperative tracheostomy (1 patient) did not influence the site or severity of tracheal injury. Proximal tears were detected incidentally in four patients, but in one patient, manifested postoperatively with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumothorax. Distal tears manifested dramatically with a ventilatory leak. Adequate access for repair of distal tears may necessitate a right thoracotomy while proximal tears may be sutured through the cervical incision. Gastric transposition alone did not prevent air leak in two patients. Postoperative complications included prolapse of the stomach and bilateral pneumothoraces in one patient. Close interaction between the surgeon and the anesthesiologist ensured a successful outcome in six patients. There was one mortality.
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PMID:Tracheal tear during laryngopharyngectomy with gastric transposition. 825 81

Laparoscopic sterilization under local anaesthesia was found to be a safe and effective procedure and the most popular method of voluntary sterilization in rural India. The difficulties encountered included omental emphysema and prolapse, bleeding from the mesosalpynx, cervix and abdominal wound, oedematous fallopian tubes and their bisection. In 3 cases, Verres needle penetrated the colon but it was diagnosed before inserting the trocar and cannula. Cardiac and respiratory arrest occurred in one case each but the patients could be revived and there was no mortality. In 3 cases, laparoscopy had to be abandoned because the laparoscope could not be passed into the peritoneal cavity. The failure rate was 0.5 percent.
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PMID:Experience in 4500 cases of laparoscopic sterilization. 847 91

Infections are an increasing problem in the elderly population, because of the often atypical presentation and the more frequent occurrence of complications, which lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The increased prevalence of infections in the elderly is due to a number of factors: increased exposure to micro-organisms (especially in nursing homes); degeneration of various organs (atherosclerosis, pulmonary emphysema, diverticulosis, prolapse); decreased immune response; concomitant diseases (e.g. diabetes mellitus) and (or) use of medication. There is often a delay in the diagnosis because the presentation of infection in the elderly is frequently atypical and symptoms are attributed to old age, rather than to infection. Treatment may be hampered by increased resistance of micro-organisms, interaction with other drugs and toxicity problems.
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PMID:[Infections in elderly patients]. 955 Jul 96

Bronchial rupture is a rare but severe complication of intubation with a double-lumen tube. Cardinal symptoms are mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema as well as pneumothorax. Larger injuries result in an air leak and the endtidal carbon dioxide decreases. The gas exchange may worsen drastically when mucosal prolapse or bronchial haemorrhagia lead to bronchial occlusion. Mediastinitis or sepsis can be the sequel of the opened mediastinum. If bronchial injury is suspected probably fibreoptic bronchoscopy is indicated. We report on a case of bronchial rupture due to overinflation of the endobronchial cuff or movement of the inflated cuff when repositioning the patient. The conservative therapy was successful in spite of the fact that surgical intervention is recommended in the literature following bronchial rupture. To avoid tracheobronchial injuries an adequate tubus size must be selected. The more flexible polyvinylchloride (PVC) tubes without a carinal hook should be preferred to the Carlens tube. An atraumatic intubation is promoted by leaving the stylet inside after the tip of the tube has passed the vocal cords. To identify the minimum occlusive pressure of the endobronchial cuff for lung isolation different methods are described and should be used. The cuff has to be deflated when the patient is repositioned and when one-lung-ventilation is not required. Tumours of the tracheobronchial tree and weakness of the bronchial wall caused by steroid hormone therapy or COPD may increase the risk of tracheobronchial laceration.
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PMID:[Diagnosis, procedures and conservative therapy of a bronchial rupture after intubation with double-lumen tube]. 1007 58

Elastic fibers are components of the extracellular matrix and confer resilience. Once laid down, they are thought to remain stable, except in the uterine tract where cycles of active remodeling occur. Loss of elastic fibers underlies connective tissue aging and important diseases including emphysema. Failure to maintain elastic fibers is explained by a theory of antielastase-elastase imbalance, but little is known about the role of renewal. Here we show that mice lacking the protein lysyl oxidase-like 1 (LOXL1) do not deposit normal elastic fibers in the uterine tract post partum and develop pelvic organ prolapse, enlarged airspaces of the lung, loose skin and vascular abnormalities with concomitant tropoelastin accumulation. Distinct from the prototypic lysyl oxidase (LOX), LOXL1 localizes specifically to sites of elastogenesis and interacts with fibulin-5. Thus elastin polymer deposition is a crucial aspect of elastic fiber maintenance and is dependent on LOXL1, which serves both as a cross-linking enzyme and an element of the scaffold to ensure spatially defined deposition of elastin.
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PMID:Elastic fiber homeostasis requires lysyl oxidase-like 1 protein. 1474 49

Orbital emphysema is a rare condition in the absence of trauma or sinus disease. We report two cases of orbital emphysema caused by sneezing. The patients presented with sudden unilateral eyelid swelling after sneezing. Otorhinolaryngologic and ophthalmic examinations were accompanied by computed tomography (CT). Patient examination disclosed crepitant eyelid swelling, ptosis, and mild unilateral exophthalmos. CT demonstrated areas of emphysema in the orbit. One patient had history of past trauma. The other patient had a history of nasal surgery and concurrent chronic sinusitis. Sneezing may cause orbital emphysema in patients with a history of old periorbital trauma or surgery.
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PMID:Orbital emphysema after sneezing. 1605 49


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