Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From August 1986 through July 1990, 20 patients underwent construction of the Kock continent ileal reservoir and were observed for more than three months. The early complications within the first 3 months were wound infection in four patients (20%), leakage at uretero-intestinal anastomosis in three patients (15%), prolapse of efferent limb and ileus in two patients (10%) and reflux, ureteral stenosis, intestinal fistula and postoperative pancreatitis in one patient (5%). The three late complications included stone formation in two patients and stenosis at an afferent limb in one patient. The stenosis occurred at the position of Dacron collar. The patients were divided into two groups and we compared the recent 10 patients with the initial 10 patients on complications and end results. In the initial group, 8 patients (80%) had 14 complications. In the recent group, 4 patients had 4 complications. The early complications have been reduced with the increase of Kock pouch operation. The result of the recent group was better than that of the initial group. Frequency of postoperative hydronephrosis in patients with Kock pouch was investigated. In nine patients (45%) the minimal hydronephrosis occurred within the first two months and in 5 patients (25%) three months after the operation. It had a normalizing tendency. The maximum pouch pressure at the pouch volume of 400 to 500 ml was not significantly high (37.9 +/- 12.2 cmH2O, mean +/- S.D.).
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PMID:Clinical experience of the Kock continent ileal urinary reservoir in 20 cases focusing on complications. 156 49

N-(2,2-Diphenylethyl)adenosine (DPEA) has been identified as a potential antipsychotic agent acting via stimulation of adenosine receptors. The projected human therapeutic dose, based on animal studies, is 2-3 mg/kg. DPEA has been tested for potential toxicity in mice, rats, dogs and monkeys. Following single oral doses, median lethal dose values were approximately 10-fold greater in rats than in mice, although similar clinical signs including reduced activity, prostration, and necrosis of the tail were seen in both species. DPEA was well tolerated at daily doses up to 40 mg/kg in rats for 2 weeks. A no observed effect level (NOEL) was not identified in the dog or monkey studies. Reduced activity, dacryorrhea, ptosis, hypothermia, necrosis of the tail, and death occurred in rats given 120 and 160 mg/kg. Pathologic changes consisted of pancreatitis, gastric erosion/ulceration, lymphocyte depletion of the thymus, and pulmonary congestion and hemorrhage at 80 mg/kg or greater. In dogs, sporadic emesis was noted at 12.5 mg/kg and greater, and significant pathologic changes consisted of coronary arteritis associated with myocardial lesions and lymphocyte depletion at 25 and 50 mg/kg, pancreatic acinar necrosis at 50 mg/kg, and renal tubular degeneration at 12.5 mg/kg and greater. Emesis and depression were noted at 25 and 50 mg/kg in monkeys. Renal tubular dilatation and degeneration at 25 and 50 mg/kg were noted in the monkeys. These studies demonstrated that DPEA produced a range of adverse effects in common laboratory animal species.
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PMID:Preclinical toxicity studies of an adenosine agonist, N-(2,2-diphenylethyl) adenosine. 187 77

A new inherited neuromuscular disease was identified in 4 patients (1 male, 3 females), offspring of consanguineous marriages, belonging to the same kindred. The proband was a 24-year-old female with history of ptosis and ophthalmoplegia since childhood and progressive intestinal pseudo-obstruction for the last 4 years of her life. A sural nerve biopsy showed axonal and demyelinating neuropathy. Muscle biopsies of pectoral and gastrocnemius revealed myopathic alterations with marked variation in muscle fiber size, atrophy of both fiber types and normal mitochondria. An upper gastrointestinal study showed barium in the stomach after 8 h and jejunal diverticula. Tests for absorption of fat, protein, carbohydrate, folic acid and vitamin B12 were normal. Serum levels of vitamin A and lipoproteins were also normal. The patient underwent partial gastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy. Postoperatively, she developed severe pancreatitis, sepsis, peritonitis and expired. Tissue samples from the proband and from her brother, revealed normal mucosa, but degeneration of smooth muscle of the stomach and small intestine. The myenteric plexus and vagus nerves were normal. The biochemical studies of contractile proteins (myosin, actin, tropomyosin) in the fresh and cultured smooth muscle cells of the proband obtained at the time of gastrectomy showed a 50-75% decrease in the synthesis of different contractile proteins. Turnover of contractile proteins and synthesis and turnover of collagen showed normal values. The reduction in synthesis of contractile proteins may account for the weak peristalsis and be a factor in the pathogenesis of the intestinal pseudo-obstruction.
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PMID:Inherited ophthalmoplegia with intestinal pseudo-obstruction. 668 98

Perhaps it was the innate human fear of the dark, or the recognition that health was linked in some way to diet. Maybe it was the Hippocratic description of dyspepsia. Whatever the reason, the human desire to peer inside the body was a driving force in the development of endoscopy. The field of gastroenterology began with the Phillip Bozzini's crude, candle-powered lichtleiter in 1805 and blossomed with the introduction of flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy by Basil Hirschowitz in the late 1950s. Pediatric gastroenterology began early 1970s. Fueled by the application of gastrointestinal endoscopy to childhood digestive disease, pediatric gastroenterology has emerged as one of the most diverse medical-surgical practices in modern medicine. Pediatric endoscopists are alerted to prolapse gastropathy, a more accurate description of an old and possibly common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children. Pediatric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography continues to evolve, with increasing use in the diagnosis of infant cholestasis and endoscopic treatment of pancreatitis. These developments suggest a need for advanced training in endoscopy for pediatric gastroenterologists. Trends in gastrointestinal endoscopy are moving toward more therapeutic procedures and less diagnostic endoscopy. Therapeutic endoscopy, for example, may soon include antireflux operations. Computer-assisted virtual endoscopy and the wireless pill videoendoscope may replace diagnostic endoscopy eventually. The purpose of this review is to explore the origins of pediatric endoscopy, discuss current innovations, and look at the future of our discipline.
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PMID:Gastroenterologic endoscopy in children: past, present, and future. 1180 88

Hiatal hernia (HH) is the herniation of elements of the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. A giant HH with pancreatic prolapse is very rare and its causing pancreatitis is an even more extraordinary condition. We describe a case of a 65-year-old man diagnosed with acute pancreatitis secondary to pancreatic herniation. In these cases, acute pancreatitis may be caused by the diaphragmatic crura impinging upon the pancreas and leading to repetitive trauma as it crosses the hernia; intermittent folding of the main pancreatic duct; ischemia associated with stretching at its vascular pedicle; or total pancreatic incarceration. Asymptomatic hernia may not require any treatment, while multiple studies have supported the recommendation of early elective repair as a safer route in symptomatic patients. In summary, though rare, pancreatic herniation should be considered as a cause of acute pancreatitis. A high index of suspicion for complications is warranted in cases like these.
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PMID:Hiatus Hernia: A Rare Cause of Acute Pancreatitis. 2706 77