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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of primary malignant melanoma of the urethra in a 67-year-old female is presented. Cystourethroscopy performed during a workup for pelvic organ prolapse revealed a bladder and urethral mass. Initial histologic examination was interpreted as undifferentiated sarcoma; however, after immunohistochemical staining by two separate institutions, malignant melanoma was diagnosed. Being rare, urethral melanoma is often misdiagnosed, and treatment can be delayed. Given its poor prognosis, early diagnosis is essential, and clinicians need to include it in their differential when working up a patient with genitourinary complaint.
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PMID:Primary genitourinary melanoma presenting as voiding dysfunction. 1921 58

Primary Esophageal Melanoma (PEM) is an extremely rare neoplasm, with less than 270 cases described. Although clinical presentation is similar to any other esophageal neoplasm, MEP's behavior is more aggressive and fatal in most cases. We report two new cases of MEP diagnosed through endoscopy and anatomical-pathological analysis of collected biopsies. Both samples were positive for HMB-45 and S100, so the presence of primary melanoma in other location was ruled out. The form of presentation as left miosis with no eyelid ptosis or enophthalmos should be highlighted in the first case, which was described by this early manifestation. Unfortunately, the neoplasm could not be excised when diagnosed because the thoracic artery was found to be affected through echoendoscopy. In the second case, in spite of the fact that the neoplastic extension was only local, and neoplasm was subject to transhiatal esophagectomy, the patient had multiple post-surgical complications and died nineteen days after the surgical procedure. Furthermore, bibliographic review is applied to diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis of this exceptional neoplasm.
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PMID:[Primary esophageal melanoma]. 1960 35

We report the case of a 31-year-old male who presented to the ER with a 1-week history of progressively worsening, throbbing, left retro-orbital headache, ptosis, and subjective worsening of short-term memory function. Initial review of systems and laboratory data were noncontributory. Non-contrasted CT demonstrated a large hyperdense mass centered in the suprasellar cistern without evidence of dissecting extra-axial hemorrhage. Though the initial appearance mimicked a basilar tip aneurysm or another primary extra-axial suprasellar pathology such as a hemorrhagic or proteinaceous craniopharyngioma, germinoma, or optic glioma, a second smaller, clearly intra-axial, hyperdense lesion was observed in the left periventricular forceps major white matter. Consideration for multiple cavernomas versus hypervascular metastatic disease such as renal malignancy, thyroid malignancy, or melanoma was raised. CTA confirmed normal intracranial vasculature. Subsequent MRI images showed an acutely hemorrhagic mass centered at the left paramedian hypothalamus and tuber cinereum with numerous secondary foci, demonstrating mature hemorrhagic elements and confirming the diagnosis of multiple cavernomas.
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PMID:Exophytic hypothalamic cavernous malformation mimicking an extra-axial suprasellar mass. 2130 32

Radical surgery of fronto-temporal non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) sometimes causes palsy of the frontal facialis branch. Patients may experience visual impairment due to brow and upper eyelid ptosis. Since NMSC predominantly affects elderly people, the corrective surgical procedures have to be adapted to age, comorbidities and individual needs. The direct brow lift and the upper lid blepharoplasty are two reliable and safe surgical techniques with proved efficacy. Here we present our way to deal with post-surgical brow and lid ptosis.
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PMID:How to correct frontal facialis palsy after radical tumour surgery: upper blepharoplasty and direct brow lift. 2227 88

Surveillance FDG PET/CT was performed in a 75-year-old woman with history of melanoma and colon cancer. She had rash and erythematous papules on the forearms, elbows, knees, and thighs and then developed right-leg weakness, difficulty with fine motor movement, and ptosis. Chest CT identified a right-lung spiculated nodule. Skin and pulmonary nodule biopsies showed lymphohistiocytic infiltrate with granulomatous features, without lymphoid cells, metastatic carcinoma or melanoma cells, or microorganisms. Epstein-Barr immunostain result was negative, making lymphomatoid granuloma unlikely. The inflammatory process involved the peripheral vasculature on FDG PET, and given the related neuropathy, findings were compatible with granulomatous vasculitis.
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PMID:18F-FDG PET/CT demonstration of diffuse lymphohistiocytic granulomatous vasculitis. 2351 Aug 76

We report a case of choroidal melanoma with features suggestive of orbital cellulitis. A 24-year-old Asian Indian male presented with a 20-day history of sudden loss of vision in the right eye. Edematous eyelids with complete mechanical ptosis, complete ophthalmoplegia, gross proptosis accompanied by massive chemosis, and prolapse of the inferior forniceal conjunctiva were noted. He denied perception of light in the right eye. The left eye was unremarkable. B-scan ultrasonography of the right eye showed a large dome-shaped mass filling the posterior segment suggestive of choroidal melanoma. Computed tomography confirmed those findings and showed no extraocular tumor extension. The patient was conservatively treated with systemic steroids following which the inflammation subsided. He underwent enucleation of the right eye and a diagnosis of spindle A cell choroidal melanoma was confirmed by histopathological examination. Although rare, orbital cellulitis is one of the presenting features of choroidal melanoma. Uveal melanoma-associated orbital cellulitis can be well controlled with systemic steroids, does not always indicate extraocular tumor extension, and can occur in spindle A cell melanomas.
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PMID:Intraocular malignant melanoma of the choroid presenting as orbital cellulitis. 2391 50

This article reviews the normal anatomy of the female urethra, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques, and the role of MR imaging in the evaluation of diverse urethral and periurethral diseases. Salient MR imaging findings of common and uncommon cystic urethral lesions (urethral diverticulum, Skene cyst, and vaginal cysts), and masses (urethral carcinoma, leiomyoma, melanoma, fibroepithelial polyp, caruncle, and mucosal prolapse) are presented. The evolving role of dynamic MR in the evaluation of stress urinary incontinence is reviewed.
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PMID:Magnetic resonance imaging of female urethral and periurethral disorders. 2421 Apr 37

Anorectal melanoma is a rare malignancy of anorectal region. Often the diagnosis is delayed because of rare entity and confusion with benign disorders like haemorrhoids. There have been only a few cases reported and the optimum management for this condition is still in dilemma, however prompt diagnosis is essential for early curative surgery. We are presenting this case, due to rare presentation of prolapse of anorectal melanoma.
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PMID:Prolapsed anorectal melanoma. 2442 68

Conjunctival malignant melanoma is a rare tumor with a high risk of local recurrence, lymph node and systemic metastases. The aim of this study was to correlate tumor thickness, tumor ulceration, high mitotic rate, epithelioid cells with the presence of metastases and death from conjunctival malignant melanoma. We report the case of a 33-year-old patient who presented with a left eyelid ptosis associated with an eyelid prominence, foreign body sensation in the eye, and bloody discharge, symptoms occurring about one month earlier. Ophthalmologic examination revealed in eyelid conjunctiva two vegetant and ulcerative tumors of 8/6 mm and 3/3 mm. The two tumors were surgically removed with safety margins. The diagnosis of amelanotic malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva with brain metastasis was made by routine morphological methods and immunohistochemical reactions (HMB45, vimentin, S100 protein). Systemic metastases (skin, brain, lung, liver, kidney, peritoneal) and peripancreatic lymph node metastases were detected at 1.9 years after the diagnosis of conjunctival malignant melanoma. The patient died three months after the surgical excision of brain metastasis. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent tumor recurrence, ocular invasion, systemic and lymph node metastases, and preserving visual function.
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PMID:Anatomoclinical aspects of conjunctival malignant metastatic melanoma. 2532 23

We report a woman with malignant meningioma diagnosed 9 years after the treatment of a choroidal melanoma with proton beam therapy. The risk of secondary cancers is a well-known adverse late effect of radiation therapy, especially with the use of advanced techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy. However, this risk may be less with the use of proton beam therapy. A 79-year-old woman presented with symptoms of enophthalmos, ptosis and paralysis of the left medial rectus muscle. She had previously been successfully treated for a choroidal melanoma of the left eye with proton beam therapy (total dose: 60 cobalt gray equivalents) following local resection. MRI showed a lesion in the left cavernous sinus with extension into the orbit and a subsequent biopsy revealed a papillary meningioma. The cavernous tumor was treated with photon radiotherapy (total dose: 54Gy) which achieved an initial partial response. However, 8 months later the tumor extensively metastasized to the skull and the spine and the patient died 1 year after the treatment. The incidence of secondary malignancies after proton beam therapy is low but not negligible, therefore, it must be taken into account when planning a treatment as secondary tumors may present with a highly aggressive behaviour.
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PMID:Radiation-induced malignant meningioma following proton beam therapy for a choroidal melanoma. 2586 86


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