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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of haematemesis associated with alcohol abuse are described. Early fibreoptic endoscopical examination in each showed a focal, well demarcated area of gastric mucosal haemorrhage, close to the oesophagogastric junction. Two patients showed prolapse of the lesion into the lower part of the oesophagus, and the third had coexistent Mallory-Weiss tears. Our observations suggest that forceful vomiting is responsible for this lesion, by causing abrupt retrograde gastrooesophageal prolapse. The prognosis of the lesion appears good.
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PMID:Retrograde gastric mucosal prolapse as a cause of haematemesis. 99 43

According to the author's findings rare causes of acute gastric hemorrhages (the Mallory-Weiss syndrome, cancerous lesions of the gastrointestinal organs, excluding the stomach, esophageal and duodenal diverticulum, prolapse of gastric mucosa into the duodenum, necrosis of the gastric wall, its traumatic rupture, the Rendu-Osler disease, rupture of the renal artery aneurysm) made 3.2% of other causes. Profuse hemorrhage was noted in 12 of 32 patients under consideration. In 8 of 32 patients (25%) the diagnosis was established only at autopsy. In other more frequent causes of acute gastric hemorrhage the diagnosis proved to be feasible in 90-95% of cases.
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PMID:[Rare causes of acute gastric hemorrhage]. 108 Mar 9

In two patients, frequent retching and vomiting preceded acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Congestion and edema were limited to the prolapsed portion of the stomach, the cardia, where discrete erosions and small shallow ulcers were seen. At endoscopy, prolapse of the gastric mucosa into the esophageal lumen was quite evident whenever the patients retched. The endoscopic features and pathogenesis of Mallory-Weiss syndrome were readily differentiated. It seemed probable that repeated retching causing intussusception of the cardia of the stomach can mechanically produce gastritis and should be a recognizable cause of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. I take this entity to be an independent superficial mucosal disease of the stomach.
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PMID:Mechanical gastritis involving the cardia: the trauma of retching and vomiting. 230 89

With the increasing early use of endoscopy, Mallory-Weiss syndrome has been found to be the cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in 224 of 2,175 (10.3 percent) patients studied. Since Mallory-Weiss syndrome is a self-limiting disease in more than 90 percent of patients, conservative treatment, including multiple transfusion, electrocoagulation, and compression by a Sengstaken-Blakemore tube in descending order of use, is the treatment of choice, especially in the medically debilitated patient. The cirrhotic patient poses special difficulty and generally has a poor outcome no matter what the treatment. Prolapse of the stomach into the esophagus may be an etiologic factor in a small subgroup of patients.
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PMID:Mallory-Weiss syndrome. A study of 224 patients. 660 Mar 77

Belching and severe vomiting may lead in association with gastro-oesophageal prolapse to a variety of lesions within the gastro-oesophageal junction. Incarceration of the prolapse, diffuse hemorrhage from the prolapsed mucosa, longitudinal lacerations (Mallory-Weiss syndrome), intramural hematoma and spontaneous rupture (Boerhaave syndrome) are the most common complications. Based on 4 cases of incomplete rupture of the oesophagus we would like to draw attention to a disorder with mediastinal emphysema or pneumopericardium following severe vomiting. It is postulated that air escapes from a mucosal tear in the terminal oesophagus into the mediastinum. Conservative treatment seems justified.
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PMID:[Incomplete spontaneous esophageal rupture - a variant of the Mallory-Weiss and Boerhaave syndrome?]. 688 Mar 17