Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The author describes the phenomenon of convergent squint and ptosis of the upper eyelid caused by relasping herpetic keratitis have not been previously reported, although this possibility should be considered. This observation represents a contribution to the better understanding of herpetic eye disease in general as well as the eventual recognition of the toxic effect of the HSH virus on man in vivo. According to the author these ocular disturbances are provoked by the toxic effect of the human herpes simplex virus and are connected to its neurotropism.
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PMID:[Herpetic keratitis as a cause of disturbance of motility of the globe and upper lid (author's transl)]. 14 83

In 34 patients with hypertelorism aged on the average 12.6 years, 24 underwent intracranial surgery (combined intra- and extracranial approach), 2 (moderate) U-osteotomy (subcranial approach), and 8 (mild) canthoplasties. Improved results were obtained in the patients with various types of hypertelorism. The complications were reviewed. Of the 24 patients undergone intracranial surgery, one died, 4 had cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and 4 had keratitis. No seizure, cerebral edema, meningitis, blindness, and ptosis were observed in these patients. Average blood loss was 72% of blood volume. Average duration of surgery was 7.5 hours. The causes of hypertelorism such as craniofacial cleft, craniosynostosis, frontoethmoidal meningoencephalocele, frontonasal fibrous dysplasia, and trauma were also discussed. Satisfactory appearance was seen in most of the patients.
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PMID:[Surgical correction of 34 patients with hypertelorism]. 147 4

Botulinum A exotoxin was recently approved for use in Canada. We describe the efficacy of botulinum toxin in the management of 235 patients with blepharospasm (mean age 64.3 years) and 130 patients with hemifacial spasm (mean age 60.4 years) treated at three Canadian ophthalmologic centres between 1984 and 1989. A total of 98% of the patients with blepharospasm and 100% of the patients with hemifacial spasm had significant relief of their symptoms; however, 11% of the former and 2% of the latter did not respond to the usual starting concentrations of the drug and needed stronger dosages for relief. The duration of relief varied widely in both groups. Up to 7% of patients had ineffective treatments but responded to subsequent injections. Analysis of variance and linear trend statistics showed that there were no changes in the mean duration of relief over the first several treatments for individual patients in either group. Side effects were transient and included ptosis, exposure keratitis, epiphora and strabismus.
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PMID:Treatment of blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm with botulinum A toxin: a Canadian multicentre study. 205 23

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are seen in patients with systemic vasculitides, especially Wegener's granulomatosis. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies are helpful laboratory markers for these disease. We report on the ocular findings of six patients with systemic vasculitis who had antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. Four patients had systemic Wegener's granulomatosis, one had microscopic polyarteritis, and in one a specific histopathologic diagnosis could not be made. Two patients were first evaluated for systemic vasculitis because of their ocular manifestations. Ocular findings included ptosis, bilateral lacrimal gland masses, proptosis, choroidal folds, episcleritis, phlebitis, retinal and vitreous hemorrhage, keratitis sicca, and bilateral central scotomas. It was difficult to make a systemic diagnosis in all cases. If systemic vasculitis is in the differential diagnosis of a patient with suggestive ocular findings, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody testing should be considered. A prospective study of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody testing should be considered in patients with ocular findings that suggest the possibility of vasculitis.
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PMID:Ocular manifestations of patients with circulating antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies. 235 Feb 86

Botulinum toxin A produces a temporary, flaccid ptosis when injected into the levator palpebrae superioris muscle. The resulting protective ptosis was used to aid healing in 21 cases of indolent ulceration, and, prophylactically, in 4 cases of neuroparalytic keratitis. Of the indolent ulcers, 90% healed completely. In all but one case, the cornea was covered completely by the lid and complete ptosis was produced in 75% of cases in an average of 3.6 days, lasting for 16 days on average before recovery began. Recovery of levator function was complete in 8.5 weeks on average. Superior rectus underaction was seen in 68% of cases but this recovered completely in all cases in an average of 6 weeks. Impression cytology showed a trend toward normal conjunctival morphology as healing progressed.
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PMID:Botulinum toxin A-induced protective ptosis in corneal disease. 305 Jun 91

Patients with chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO) are often disabled by ptosis; however, conventional ptosis surgery may induce lagophthalmos and exposure keratitis. Ten patients with CPEO underwent ptosis correction via bilateral frontalis suspensions, using monofilament synthetic material. Three of these patients were also treated with lower eyelid horizontal tightening. The frontalis sling was adjusted to provide a firm linkage between the eyebrow and eyelid, but was loose enough to allow eyelid closure when the frontalis muscle is relaxed. All patients experienced lessening of ptosis and relief from visual obstruction. One patient required reoperation of one eyelid for undercorrection. No lagophthalmos or corneal complications occurred. The rationale for treatment, preoperative evaluation, and operative procedure in CPEO is discussed herein.
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PMID:Management of ptosis in chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia. 315 93

A new surgical technique is described for the relief of the ocular manifestations of dysthyroid orbitopathy. Surgical decompression of the orbit was reserved for patients who failed to respond to medical treatment. Eleven patients (nine women and two men) were followed for periods from 3 to 48 months. Visual loss was the commonest presentation and the main indication for surgery. All patients had failed to respond to medical therapy, consisting of steroid and/or radiation therapy. Three patients had previously undergone orbital decompressions with limited success. Six patients had preoperative visual acuity of worse than 20/200. Preoperative exophthalmos ranged from 24 to 35 mm (normal 16 mm). The orbits were approached by a bifrontal scalp flap with exposure of the temporal and infratemporal fossae. The orbital roof was approached transcranially. The posterior wall of the frontal sinus was removed together with the mucous lining. To maximize the decompression, the periosteum surrounding the orbital contents was incised, allowing the contents to prolapse through the newly created windows into the maxillary antrum, temporal fossa, anterior cranial fossa, and nose. During the past 3 years, 22 orbits in 11 patients have been decompressed by this technique. Symptomatic relief was obtained in all but one patient who still had significant exophthalmos with keratitis, but did have a dramatic improvement in vision. The decrease in exophthalmos ranged from 1 to 13 mm (mean 7 mm). The most dramatic improvement was in vision, with postoperative acuity of 20/20 to 20/30 in all but two patients. There were no deaths and no major morbidity.
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PMID:A four-wall orbital decompression for dysthyroid orbitopathy. 335 28

In a new surgical procedure, adverse reactions or complications may surface without most ophthalmic surgeons experiencing them or being aware of them. Even those with a large series of cases may never see certain problems. Through a collaborative effort with over 200 radial keratotomy surgeons totaling 63,000 cases nearly every significant complication has been documented. This study of radial keratotomy complications includes the number of patients and percentage of the total of the following: intraoperative occurrences which generally do not affect vision, which include microperforations and macroperforations; postoperative changes which do not affect vision: limbal "peeking" and star pattern with light; transient occurrences which tend to resolve with time: ptosis, recurrent erosions, corneal ulcer, microwound abscess, delayed wound healing, inferior rectus palsy, glare or fluctuating vision after six months, iritis, and stromal keratitis; postoperative changes which can affect vision (correctible): overcorrection more than 1.5 diopters, marked undercorrection more than -2.00 diopters, irregular astigmatism, neovascularization after soft-contact-lens wear, and best-corrected acuity decreased usually only one line; and postoperative changes which can affect vision (uncorrectible): retrobulbar hemorrhage and endophthalmitis, loss of the eye, herpes keratitis, and cataract formation.
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PMID:Radial keratotomy complications. 342 39

A 67-year-old man with chronic keratitis was treated with a multitude of antibiotics, corticosteroids and other medicines. Despite temporary relief, perforation with iris prolapse occurred about 4 months after the initial symptoms, and the eye had to be removed. Histological examination revealed cystic bodies in the corneal stroma which could be identified as belonging to the genus Acanthamoeba. Trophozoites were seen as well. Although these amoebae are free-living organisms, occurring almost everywhere in the water and air, corneal infections are rare and have been reported only recently. It has been suggested that Acanthamoebae may only invade the tissues in the case of mixed infections or in corneas with a reduced immunological response, e.g. after corticosteroid therapy. Conservative therapy seems to have little effect, although antibiotic/antiviral/antimycotic treatment should supplement antiamoebic therapy, considering the possibility of mixed infections. Penetrating keratoplasty was indicated in most of the reported cases and usually had a beneficial effect.
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PMID:Amoebic keratitis. 721 65

66-year-old female patient presents palpebral bilateral ptosis and external ophthalmoplegia with a progressive evolution. The clinical aspects are completed with the affectation of the sensitive and motor trigemen, with the masseter atrophy and bilateral trophic keratitis. The affectation of the facial and acoustic nerves was associated with bilateral perception surditate. The hereditary transmission was dominant, with incomplete penetration. The neurogenic pathogeny was sustained on the basis of the association of neurological multilesions with III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII nerves, with progressive extension.
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PMID:[Progressive nuclear external ophthalmoplegia]. 828 17


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