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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report reviews the clinical features of 80 patients with roentgenographically proved mitral annular calcification. The mean age of the group was 73 years, and there was a 2.5 to 1 female to male ratio. Evaluation for underlying cardiovascular disease revealed six patients with severe calcific valvular aortic stenosis; five patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 11 with mitral prolapse and 33 with significant arterial hypertension (blood pressure greater or equal to 150/96 mm Hg). Eighty-five per cent of the group (68 of 80 patients) had an underlying cardiac disorder associated with either chronically increased left ventricular systolic pressure or abnormal leaflet motion. Other cardiovascular abnormalities occurring as complications secondary to the mitral ring calcification included subacute bacterial endocarditis (three cases), arterial emboli (five episodes) and high grade atrioventricular block (16 cases). Twelve patients had severe mitral regurgitation; successful mitral valve replacement was carried out in four patients (all with myxomatous mitral tissue). Evidence of diffuse conduction system disease, not limited to the area of the cardiac fibrous skeleton, was found frequently (44 patients). Nine patients had sinus node dysfunction and 35 patients had electrocardiographic evidence of distal intraventricular (fascicular) block. Twenty-one patients eventually required pacemakers for management of symptomatic bradyarrhythmias. Atrial fibrillation was present in 23 patients. In this review it was found that calcification of the mitral annulus is frequently associated with or induces serious cardiovascular disease. Since some of these disorders may be modified by appropriate therapy, calcification of the mitral annulus should no longer be ignored as a benign marker of the elderly heart.
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PMID:Calcification of the mitral annulus: etiology, clinical associations, complications and therapy. 15 99

The prevalence of mitral valve prolapse has been established in selected groups of patients but not in the general population. The present study was designed to define the echocardiographic spectrum of mitral valve motion in a population of young individuals without clinical evidence of significant cardiac disease or hypertension. Echocardiograms were performed on 136 normal volunteers. Six subjects (4.4 per cent) had mitral valve prolapse. Eighteen subjects (13.2 per cent) had a lesser degree of posterior systolic motion of the mitral valve leaflets which was suggestive but not diagnostic of prolapse. Minor degrees of posterior systolic mitral valve motion may represent a variant of normal. Caution should be exercised in making the echocardiographic diagnosis of mitral prolapse until this question is settled.
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PMID:Echocardiographic spectrum of posterior systolic motion of the mitral valve in the general population. 40 53

In spite of the widespread use of intravenous urography and its extensive employment in the study of hypertension, there is still no unanimity of views as to its application in such pathology. 147 urographies belonging to 330 hypertense patients admitted to the Bari Medical Pathology Department between 1-1-1975 and 30-9-1977 have therefore been examined so as to assess its diagnostic value. Thereafter, the percentage of abnormalities found with urography were evaluated and compared with those in the population at large. Results stress on the one hand the higher incidence of renal ptosis and poly-cystic kidneys in the hypertense, and also highlight the possibility of revealing clinically silent diseases with this technique; on the other hand, many urographies (more than 50%) were useless and it is not always possible to diagnose certainly the presence of stenosis of the renal artery owing to the presence of false positives and negatives.
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PMID:[Diagnostic value of urography in the study of arterial hypertension]. 45 Feb 93

Isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT) was determined in 17 controls and 41 patients. Nine patients had ischemic heart disease (IHD), 7 mitral prolapse (MVPS), 13 hypertension (HPB), 7 pregnancy (P), and 5 cardiomyopathy (CM). Echocardiographic measurements of IVRT were made from the aortic second sound to the rapid opening of the mitral valve (A2D1). Determinations by apexcardiography were made from the aortic second sound to the 0 point (A2O). The IVRT was distinctly shorter when assessed by A2D1 than by conventional apexdardiography in conventional apexcardiography in controls (69.2 +/- 16.4 msec vs 118.7 +/- 16.5 msec) and in patients with cardiac disease. The IVRT in 9 older normal controls (mean age 47.7 years) was longer than in 8 younger ones (age 26.3 +/- 4.9 years). Patients with myocardial disease (IHD, HBP, and CM) had prolonged IVRTs when compared to normal subjects. Pregnant subjects had shortened intervals. IVRT may be a sensitive indicator of disturbances in myocardial contractility and may be shortened and enhanced contractility.
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PMID:Isovolumic relaxation time in normal subjects and patients with cardiac disease: comparison of determinations made with echocardiographic techniques and apex cardiography. 62 24

Among 119 cases of fatal dissecting aneurysm of the aorta, exclusive of those iatrogenically caused or associated with arachnodactyly or aortic stenosis, there were observed 11 cases of congenital bicuspid aortic valve (9%). The ages ranged from 17 to 69 years, five of the patients being 29 years old or younger. Among the latter, three had coarctation of the aorta and one had Turner's syndrome without coarctation. In one of the older patients, aortic insufficiency was present. Hypertension was either established or inferred from cardiac weight in 73% of the cases. In each case, cystic medial necrosis of the aorta was present. Prolapse of valves other than the aortic was observed in 45% of the cases with bicuspid aortic valve. Compared to an estimated incidence of bicuspid aortic valve of about 1 to 2% in the population, the high incidence among subjects with dissecting aneurysm suggests a causative relationship between bicuspid aortic valve and aortic dissecting aneurysm.
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PMID:Dissecting aortic aneurysm associated with congenital bicuspid aortic valve. 63 1

Vertical and medial nephroptosis was assessed on 60 consecutive excretory urographic examinations. Ptosis, both vertical and medial, was seen more commonly in females, and vertical ptosis was more frequent than medial ptosis. In our series there was no significant evidence of predominance on the right side. Dietl crisis, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, oliguria, or orthostatic hypertension were not encountered. Nephroptosis was mostly asymptomatic. In those patients with symptoms, lumbar pain was common and could be either aggravated or relieved by change in position. A new sign, paradoxic displacement, is described. This could be of value to the surgeon and radiotherapist in evaluating enlargement of a huge abdominal mass - a difficulat task to assess clinically.
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PMID:Roentgenographic evaluation of nephroptosis. 67 40

The present study evaluates the isotope renograms, obtained in prone and upright position of 87 patients with 93 mobile kidneys. Scintiphotos were made to determine the extent of renal movement. The transient position abnormality of the kidney was compared to the position dependent isotope renogram changes. It was possible to describe three types of floating kidney each with a characteristic motion and position dependent function disturbance. One form of renal ptosis, ptosis with ventral rotation, was commonly associated with a 2nd phase renogram abnormality and with hypertension.
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PMID:Position dependent renogram changes of the mobile kidney. 89 60

Since Fincher reported a case with arteriovenous fistula between the external carotid artery and dural sinus, many type of cases have been reported. On the other hand, so called the external carotid avernous fistula has been recognized less 20 cases in literature. We have observed three additional cases of dural arteriovenous shunts in the region of the cavernous sinus. Case 1. A 52 year old woman had suffered from left side sever headache. There was weakness of the left extraocular muscles and left ptosis. A bruit was heard over the left orbit. She was treated for hypertension since 38 year old. And she has no history of recent trauma. Selective internal and external carotid angiographies showed the bilateral external carotid cavernous sinus fistula. No operative treatment was performed in this case and the symptomes disappeared with decrease of blood pressure. Case 2. A 50 year old man came to this clinic with chief complaints of right ptosis, diplopia and headache. He was treated for diabetes mellitus and hypertension for six month...
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PMID:[Three cases of spontaneous bilateral external carotid-cavernous sinus fistula (dural arteriovenous shunts in the region of the cavernous sinus) (author's transl)]. 123 13

This is a report of the echocardiographic findings in a 9-year-old white female with primary pulmonary arterial hypertension confirmed by catheterization and later at autopsy. The reported findings of an absent "a" wave, a flat diastolic E to F slope, and a midsystolic closure of the pulmonic valve were observed. In addition, tricuspid valve prolapse was noted. Prolapse of the tricuspid valve may be part of the mechanism of tricuspid insufficiency in a patient with pulmonary hypertension.
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PMID:Echocardiographic findings in a patient with primary pulmonary hypertension. 126 Aug 55

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage rarely occurs in the mesencephalon (midbrain), though thalamic or pontine hemorrhage may extend into that location. The neurologic manifestations and outcome in patients with primary mesencephalic hemorrhage (PMH) are different from those with thalamic or pontine hemorrhage. We report 4 patients (2 men and 2 women) with nontraumatic and non-neoplastic hemorrhages confined to the mesencephalon. One young patient, a 37-year-old woman, had no detectable risk factors for stroke, and her cerebral angiogram was normal. The other 3 elderly patients (73-85 years of age) all had a history of hypertension. The neurologic manifestations of patients with PMH are characterized by disturbance of ocular movements and cerebellar signs. Two patients with tegmental hematoma showed Claude's syndrome, i.e., ipsilateral oculomotor palsy and contralateral cerebellar signs. One patient with a small central midbrain hematoma showed bilateral oculomotor palsy. Another patient with a relatively large central midbrain hematoma presented with bilateral ptosis, bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia, upward gaze palsy, and bilateral cerebellar signs. The prognosis after conservative treatment for our patients with PMH was good.
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PMID:[Primary mesencephalic hemorrhage: report of four cases]. 168 95


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