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 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have reviewed 37 patients with primary orbital lymphoma, using the Ann Arbor criteria and the Working Formulation and its modification. Thirty-one patients had stage I disease, four stage II, one stage III and one stage IV. The male to female ratio was 2.7:1. There were 34 low-grade tumours (including 24 mantle zone) and three intermediate-grade. Patients were divided into three groups according to their primary treatment. Group 1: radiotherapy (17 cases); Group 2: surgery alone (13 cases); Group 3: chemotherapy (seven cases). Patients were followed up from 5 months to 24.3 years, with a mean and median of 7.6 and 6.2 years, respectively. The BMDP software package was used for survival estimation (Kaplan-Meier) and determination of prognostic variable (univariate Cox regression). Local relapse-free survival at 10 years was 100% in Group 1, 0% in Group 2 and 42% in Group 3 with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) in favour of radiotherapy. Statistically significant good prognostic features were: complete remission (CR) in response to initial treatment, primary radiotherapy and older age. For stage I cases, there was no difference in distant relapse-free survival in the three groups. The overall cause-specific survival for stage I patients at 10 years was 100% for each group and at 20 years was 100, 67 and 0% for Groups 1, 2 and 3. The difference between the primary radiotherapy and chemotherapy-treated groups was significant at the p = 0.08 level. Statistically significant prognostic factors were early stage, low-grade histology and primary radiotherapy. In one patient, ptosis and diplopia appeared after surgery. One case of glaucoma required enucleation, one patient suffered severe dry eye syndrome. All patients (11/11) in whom the lens received direct radiation developed cataracts of different degrees if follow-up was long enough. Cataract formation was prevented by adequate lens shielding. One patient in CR from a stage I low-grade tumour died from chemotherapy-induced marrow aplasia. Primary orbital lymphoma is an indolent, usually stage I disease, showing low to intermediate-grade histology. After biopsy the best treatment is 30 (low-grade) to 40 Gy (intermediate-grade) carefully planned, lens-sparing megavoltage radiation without adjuvant chemotherapy.
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PMID:A retrospective analysis of different modalities for treatment of primary orbital non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. 885 Apr 21

Information on the incidence of eye disease in dogs, presented to the Onderstepoort Veterinary Academic Hospital, was extracted from the records of the ophthalmology clinic for the 5 years 1990-1995. The German shepherd dog and maltese each accounted for more than twice as many patients as any other breed. The most important diseases according to breed incidence were cataracts, glaucoma, corneal ulcers, progressive retinal atrophy, iris prolapse, pannus/pigmentation and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Problem areas in private practice were clearly identifiable and arose for different reasons.
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PMID:The incidence of eye disease in dogs in a veterinary academic hospital: 1772 cases. 912 Aug 50

Floppy eyelid syndrome (FES) usually affects middle-aged obese men, presenting as a unilateral or bilateral chronic papillary conjunctivitis. The upper eyelid is lax, floppy, and easily everted. The laterality corresponds to the side the patient sleeps on. An association with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been suggested. A personal series of 17 new cases is presented, and 79 previously reported cases are reviewed to give a detailed description of the syndrome. In addition to the classical presentation, patients may present with upper lid ptosis, lash ptosis or trichiasis, lower lid ectropion or rarely entropion, or corneal complications. Eight patients with FES were investigated for OSA. Twenty other patients with known OSA were examined for FES and other possibly associated ocular features. All eight patients referred for sleep studies were found to have OSA. One of the 20 patients with known OSA was found to have FES, and two had features of early asymptomatic FES. One patient with FES and OSA had normal tension glaucoma. Patients with FES should be considered for sleep studies because of the known morbidity of OSA. Simple screening of patients with OSA may detect FES and avoid late corneal complications that can compromise vision.
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PMID:Floppy eyelid syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea. 918 93

Oculo-facio-cardio-dental syndrome is a very rare condition. So far, only nine cases have been documented. We report on three additional female patients representing the same entity. The clinical findings were: congenital cataract, microphthalmia/microcornea, secondary glaucoma, vision impairment, ptosis, long narrow face, high nasal bridge, broad nasal tip with separated cartilages, long philtrum, cleft palate, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and skeletal anomalies. The following dental abnormalities were found: radiculomegaly, delayed dentition, oligodontia, root dilacerations (extension), and malocclusion. For the first time, fusion of teeth and hyperdontia of permanent upper teeth were seen. In addition, structural and morphological dental changes were noted. These findings expand the clinical spectrum of the syndrome.
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PMID:Rare dental abnormalities seen in oculo-facio-cardio-dental (OFCD) syndrome: three new cases and review of nine patients. 1006 16

The plant Cannabis sativa has a long history of medical use in the treatment of pain and spasms, the promotion of sleep, and the suppression of nausea and vomiting. However, in the early 70s cannabis was classified in the Narcotic Acts in countries all over the world as having no therapeutic benefit; therefore, it cannot be prescribed by physicians or dispensed by pharmacists. In the light of this contradictory situation an increasing number of patients practices a self-prescription with cannabis products for relieving a variety of symptoms. An anonymous standardized survey of the medical use of cannabis and cannabis products of patients in Germany, Austria and Switzerland was conducted by the Association for Cannabis as Medicine (Cologne, Germany). During about one year 170 subjects participated in this survey; questionnaires of 128 patients could be included into the evaluation. 68% of these participants were males, 32% females, with a total mean age of 37.5 (+/- 9.6) years. The most frequently mentioned indications for medicinal cannabis use were depression (12.0%), multiple sclerosis (10.8%), HIV-infection (9.0%), migraine (6.6%), asthma (6.0%), back pain (5.4%), hepatitis C (4. 8%), sleeping disorders (4.8%), epilepsy (3.6%), spasticity (3.6%), headache (3.6%), alcoholism (3.0%), glaucoma (3.0%), nausea (3.0%), disk prolapse (2.4%), and spinal cord injury (2.4%). The majority of patients used natural cannabis products such as marihuana, hashish and an alcoholic tincture; in just 5 cases dronabinol (Marinol) was taken by prescription. About half of the 128 participants of the survey (52.4%) had used cannabis as a recreational drug before the onset of their illness. To date 14.3% took cannabis orally, 49.2% by inhalation and in 36.5% of cases both application modes were used. 72.2% of the patients stated the symptoms of their illness to have 'much improved' after cannabis ingestion, 23.4% stated to have 'slightly improved', 4.8% experienced 'no change' and 1.6% described that their symptoms got 'worse'. Being asked for the satisfaction with their therapeutic use of cannabis 60.8% stated to be 'very satisfied', 24.0% 'satisfied', 11.2% 'partly satisfied' and 4.0% were 'not satisfied'. 70.8% experienced no side effects, 26.4% described 'moderate' and 3.3% 'strong' side effects. 84.1% of patients have not felt any need for dose escalation during the last 3 months, 11.0% had to increase their cannabis dose 'moderately' and 4.8% 'strongly' in order to maintain the therapeutic effects. Thus, this survey demonstrates a successful use of cannabis products for the treatment of a multitude of various illnesses and symptoms. This use was usually accompanied only by slight and in general acceptable side effects. Because the patient group responding to this survey is presumably highly selected, no conclusions can be drawn about the quantity of wanted and unwanted effects of the medicinal use of the hemp plant for particular indications.
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PMID:[Results of a standardized survey on the medical use of cannabis products in the German-speaking area]. 2146 33

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome is a constellation of clinical findings characterized by mental and motor retardation, broad thumbs and broad first toes, typical facies. Ocular and adnexal abnormalities are quite common and include antimongoloid slant of the palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, congenital obstruction of the lacrimal excretory system, ptosis, strabismus, congenital cataract and congenital glaucoma. The authors describe the case of a 1-year-old male with the Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with unilateral congenital glaucoma. The case emphasizes the importance of detailed complete ocular examinations in patients with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome, and also highlights the occurrence of ocular abnormalities rarely associated with this disease.
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PMID:[Goniodysgenesis associated with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome]. 1093 97

Fifty-five closed anterior manual vitrectomies were carried out in patients with vitreal complications after cataract extraction with implantation of posterior-chamber intraocular lenses. The results indicate high efficiency of anterior vitrectomy as a method for surgical treatment of sluggish uveitis, keratopathy, macular edema, secondary glaucoma, developing as a result of vitreous prolapse during implantation of the posterior-chamber intraocular lens. The operations were performed through transscleral and corneolimbic accesses. No cases of intraocular lens dislocation occurred.
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PMID:[Closed anterior manual vitrectomy as a method of treatment in vitreal complications of intraocular lenses]. 1151 Jan 66

Multiple ocular associations with Duane syndrome have been reported as summarized by DeRespinis et al. The most frequently noted include nystagmus, anisocoria, ptosis, optic nerve colobomas, and epibulbar dermoids. Less encountered abnormalities are optic nerve hypoplasia, heterochromia, and congenital cataract. To our knowledge, no reports of associated congenital glaucoma exist in the literature. We report a 10-year-old patient with bilateral Duane syndrome and bilateral congenital glaucoma who we have monitored for 7 months after birth.
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PMID:Bilateral Duane syndrome with bilateral congenital glaucoma. 1164 45

Corticosteroids, used prudently, are one of the most potent and effective modalities available in the treatment of ocular inflammation. However, they can produce a plethora of adverse ocular and systemic events. In order to optimise and target drug delivery, whilst minimising systemic adverse effects, a diverse range of local ophthalmic preparations and delivery techniques have been developed. Topical drops and ointments remain the primary methods for administration of ocular corticosteroids. However, ocular penetration of topical corticosteroid drops depends upon drug concentration, chemical formulation of corticosteroid, and composition of the vehicle, therefore, apparently small modifications in preparations can produce a more than 20-fold difference in intraocular drug concentration. Periocular injections of corticosteroids continue to have a useful, but limited, therapeutic role and longer acting, intraocular delayed-release devices are in early clinical studies. Although newer corticosteroids with lesser pressure elevating characteristics have been developed, corticosteroid-induced ocular hypertension and glaucoma continue to be significant risks of local and systemic administration. Posterior subcapsular cataract, observed following as little as 4 months topical corticosteroids use, is thought to be due to covalent binding of corticosteroid to lens protein with subsequent oxidation. Inappropriate use of topical corticosteroid in the presence of corneal infections also continues to be a cause of ocular morbidity. Other risks of locally administered ophthalmic corticosteroids include: tear-film instability, epithelial toxicity, crystalline keratopathy, decreased wound strength, orbital fat atrophy, ptosis, limitation of ocular movement, inadvertent intraocular injection, and reduction in endogenous cortisol. This extensive review assesses the therapeutic benefits of locally administered ocular corticosteroids in the context of the risks of adverse effects.
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PMID:Locally administered ocular corticosteroids: benefits and risks. 1182 Sep 11

A Boston Terrier puppy presented with a full-thickness peripheral corneal defect, iris prolapse and anterior lens capsule tear in the left eye (OS). Phacofragmentation and primary repair of the corneal laceration was performed. At surgery, subluxation of the lens was also apparent. One day postoperative, there was severe corneal edema, diffuse hyphema, an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 65 mmHg and a small amount of vitreous that protruded from the corneal incision OS. Malignant glaucoma or pupillary block glaucoma were suspected. Intravenous mannitol was administered preoperatively and had no effect. An anterior vitrectomy was performed on the vitreous within the anterior chamber and pupil. One day postoperative the IOP was 16 mmHg in the right eye (OD) and 20 mmHg OS. Postoperative iridocyclitis was managed medically, and additional elevations in IOP were not recorded. Resolution of the elevated IOP following anterior vitrectomy was supportive of pupillary block or malignant glaucoma. Vision returned 3 weeks after the initial surgery. Two years after the initial injury, the eye is visual and comfortable with infrequent topical anti-inflammatory therapy.
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PMID:Anterior lens capsule disruption and suspected malignant glaucoma in a dog. 1207 63


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