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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The results of surgical treatment of rectal prolapse in 50 consecutive adult patients were evaluated. The mean age of the patients was 51.8 +/- 15.9 years. 8 of the patients were males. 13 of the patients had recurrent prolapse after operations performed earlier elsewhere. There were 4 types of operations: Delorme's mucosal sleeve resection (n = 21), perineal rectosigmoidectomy (n = 7), low anterior resection (n = 12) and abdominal rectopexy (n = 10). There was no operative mortality. The main postoperative complications were perforation or stricture of the rectum in the Delorme group and ileus and anastomotic complications in the low anterior resection group. The frequency of postoperative complications was clearly highest in the low anterior resection group (67%). Follow-up examination was performed 5.2 +/- 3.9 years postoperatively. The recurrence rate of prolapse was highest after perineal operations. Fecal incontinence was almost always associated with recurrence of prolapse and its incidence increased with reoperation. In conclusion, abdominal rectopexy was superior to other forms of operation in the treatment of rectal prolapse. Successfull correction of rectal prolapse does not necessarily rule out the need for later surgery for faecal incontinence.
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PMID:Treatment of rectal prolapse. A clinical study of 50 consecutive patients. 367 23

Most of the surgical procedures proposed for the treatment of fecal incontinence associated with prolapse are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. We used a modified Thiersch procedure with a Silastic mesh implant (Dow-Corning 501-3) on a series of 12 patients over a period of 2 1/2 years. Nine patients obtained excellent control of the prolapse and incontinence. Only one patient was dissatisfied with her operation. The excellent results reported by other authors using a Silastic mesh implant have been reproduced in this small series of patients. This relatively safe and simple operation may still be the procedure of choice for fecal incontinence and rectal prolapse.
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PMID:Modified Thiersch procedure with silastic mesh implant: a simple solution for fecal incontinence and severe prolapse. 395 40

We have investigated changes in colonic motility and anorectal function in 6 continent patients with a rectal prolapse; in 10 incontinent patients with rectal prolapse and in 16 patients with idiopathic faecal incontinence compared with 26 age and sex match controls. A history of incontinence, irrespective of a prolapse, was associated with significantly lower anal squeeze pressures (P less than 0.05), a deficient anorectal angle (P less than 0.05), failure to retain a balloon containing more than 250 cm3 of air in the rectum (P less than 0.01) and increased sigmoid motility (P less than 0.02) compared with controls. By contrast patients with rectal prolapse and no incontinence had normal anal pressures, a normal anorectal angle and normal sigmoid motility, but transit was delayed. These results indicate that abnormal sigmoid motility is commonly associated with faecal incontinence and that slow transit constipation is frequent in patients with rectal prolapse who are continent.
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PMID:Abnormalities of colonic function in patients with rectal prolapse and faecal incontinence. 649 61

Many procedures have been described for the repair of rectal prolapse. Some are associated with a high recurrence rate and do not correct associated fecal incontinence. During the last four years, we have operated on 15 patients using a puborectal sling fashioned of polypropylene mesh. Nine were women and six were men, with ages ranging from 25 to 72 years. Eight patients had fecal incontinence. During a follow-up of six months to four years, rectal prolapse did not recur. Fecal incontinence was totally resolved in all cases. The morbidity and death rates were both 0%, and no long-term problems have been associated with use of the synthetic material. This procedure is a sound alternative for patients with complete rectal procidentia and fecal incontinence, as it corrects the associated anatomic defect of the anorectal angle.
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PMID:Repair of rectal prolapse using a puborectal sling procedure. 683 Apr 30

Ninety-five patients have been referred for the assessment and treatment of faecal incontinence. Incontinence was associated with previous anal trauma in 49 cases: 13 occurred after vaginal delivery, 32 were associated with anal operations and in 4 severe perineal trauma occurred after road accidents. Other causes were: idiopathic incontinence in 18, persistent incontinence despite successful rectopexy for prolapse in 10, diabetic neuropathy in 5 and in 13 the cause was not identified. Conservative treatment by control of diarrhoea, physiotherapy or electrical therapy was often successful in patients with minor incontinence. Fifty-six patients have been treated surgically. Complete continence was achieved in 67 per cent of patients treated by postanal repair and in 61 per cent by sphincter reconstruction. We believe that postanal repair is the treatment of choice for idiopathic incontinence and incontinence after rectopexy or anal dilatation. Sphincter repair should only be performed with a covering colostomy and is the treatment of choice for recent or long standing division of the external sphincter ring.
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PMID:Management of faecal incontinence and results of surgical treatment. 687 36

Fifty-six patients were treated for rectal prolapse or incontinence. Rectal prolapse was present in 32 patients and was associated with fecal incontinence in 24 (75 per cent). Incontinence without prolapse was present in 24 patients, 12 of whom were less than 40 years old. Rectopexy was used for treatment of rectal prolapse. Surgical treatment of fecal incontinence was by postanal repair; external sphincter reconstruction and surgery was advised only if control of diarrhea and electrical therapy had been of no benefit. Rectopexy was completely successful at controlling rectal prolapse in all cases, and only four of the 20 (20 per cent) patients with incontinence and prolapse remained incontinent after rectopexy alone. Incontinence was completely controlled by postanal repair in 58 per cent of patients and by external sphincter repair alone or in combination with postanal repair in 67 per cent. Using a combination of therapies 45 of 48 patients who were initially incontinent were improved (94 per cent), and 42 of the patients have complete control of defecation (87 per cent).
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PMID:Results of treatment for rectal prolapse and fecal incontinence. 702 89

Sixty-three patients with complete rectal prolapse and/or faecal incontinence have undergone anal manometry and the results have been compared with an equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. Maximal basal pressure (MBP) and maximum squeeze pressure (MSP) were measured before and at four months and a year after treatment. The anal pressures of normal subjects are presented. Patients with rectal prolapse alone had normal anal pressures, whereas patients with incontinence with or without prolapse had significantly lower basal and squeeze pressures than controls. Successful surgical treatment of prolapse or incontinence did not produce significant change in anal canal pressures, whereas the combination of pelvic floor exercises and a continence aid was associated with a significant rise in MSP.
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PMID:Manometric evaluation of rectal prolapse and faecal incontinence. 721 42

The establishment of a linear relationship between perineal descent (PD) and pudendal nerve motor terminal latency (PNMTL) is important in understanding the pathophysiology of pudendal neuropathy. The amount of stretching of the pudendal nerve resulting from the extent of PD, should correlate with the amount of injury sustained (PNMTL). The two key previous studies which used different techniques to measure PD, have differed on this vital issue. A prospective study was undertaken in 141 consecutive patients with PD (M:F = 57:84; mean age 46.3 SEM 1.6 years) to clarify this discrepancy. The patients had chronic constipation (81), neurogenic faecal incontinence (31), rectal mucosal prolapse (17) or female urinary stress incontinence (9). All underwent measurements of PD (by perineometry), anal sphincter pressures, single fibre anal sphincter electromyography and PNMTL. These variables, as well as age were analyzed for a linear relationship with PD by multiple regression analysis. Age was the only independent variable predicting PD at rest (T = -3.2; p < 0.005). PNMTL was the only independent variable predicting PD on straining (T = -3.0; p < 0.005). In conclusion, a linear relationship between PD on straining and PNMTL was confirmed, supporting the previous study which also measured PD by perineometry. The other study which refuted such a relationship measured PD radiologically, and it is likely that the difference was in the measurement technique.
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PMID:The neurophysiological significance of perineal descent. 763 69

The aim of this study was to attempt to gain insight in to the pathophysiologic characteristics of rectal prolapse by evaluating rectal compliance in patients with complete or incomplete rectal prolapse, before and after rectopexy. 21 subjects with complete rectal prolapse and 10 subjects with internal procidentia of rectum were treated with one of two abdominal rectopexies, according to Wells or according to a modified Ripstein's technique. For comparison, measurements were also carried out in 17 age and sex control subjects who had no bowel disturbances or anal symptoms. On distension with 40 cm H2O rectal volume amounted to 218 (175-255) ml for controls, 225 (178-256) ml for complete prolapses and 200 (125-225) ml for invaginations. Compliance amounted respectively to 9.5 (5-11,4), 8.5 (5-12,6), 7.5 (4-10,6) ml/cm H2O in the pressure interval 0-10 cm H2O with a decrease in compliance at higher pressure intervals. There was no correlation between rectal volume and compliance and gas or faecal incontinence, evacuation difficulties, feeling of blockade upon defecation and constipation. The effect of rectopexy has been separately evaluated according to the diagnosis. In complete prolapse significant changes of rectal capacity were observed for lower distending pressures (from 10 to 30), but not for higher (40-50). The compliance was significantly different for even lower distending pressures (0-10 cm H2O). In internal rectal procidentia rectopexy did not significantly changed capacity compliance. This work confirms the observations that the rectal compliance in rectal prolapse, complete and incomplete, do not differ from healthy controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Variations in rectal capacity and compliance after abdominal rectopexy]. 792 92

In the present work the Authors have studied 19 patients with occult rectal prolapse evaluating symptoms and functional results after posterior abdominal rectopexy. Symptoms of internal rectal procidentia appear as a definite syndrome. In our patients pain upon defecation, this being often localized to the perineal and sacral region, was observed in 14 on 19 cases, while fecal incontinence was present in 5 cases (29%) and rectal bleeding in 8 (44%). These compliances are relieved by the anatomical correction of the rectal intussusception, but the preexisting functional disorders in the mechanism of defecation appear to be unaffected by rectopexy. (Sensation of obstruction 11 cases (58%) preop. e 9 cases (53%) postop.).
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PMID:[Occult rectal prolapse: functional results after rectopexy]. 792 91


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