Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In eighty patients 15 micrograms kg-1 of vecuronium was given 3 minutes before induction of anesthesia and 50 micrograms kg-1 was given at the time of induction. The trachea was intubated 60 seconds after the second dose. A wide spread of twitch depression was found. The 80 patients were divided into 4 groups retrospectively with respect to the degree of neuromuscular blockade during intubation. Tracheal intubation was performed when the mean twitch depression was 48.8 +/- 11.8 (SD)% and the conditions were satisfactory in 89% of the cases. Intubating conditions were different significantly between the four sub-groups (p less than 0.01). Ptosis occurred in 77 patients, diplopia in 13 patients and dyspnea in 2 patients between the first injection of vecuronium and induction of anesthesia. The administration of vecuronium in divided doses gives satisfactory intubating conditions in the majority of the patients, but close observation between the priming dose and the induction of anesthesia is mandatory. The method is not considered suitable for obese and is probably not indicated in severely ill patients.
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PMID:Pretreatment technique for fast intubation with vecuronium: intubation conditions and unwanted effects. 287 58

A patient with actinomycosis, involving the meninges and right cavernous sinus, presented with diplopia due to a total right external ophthalmoplegia and left abduction weakness. These was partial right ptosis but the pupils were spared. The diagnosis was made by biopsy of a neck mass. A complete recovery was made in response to intravenous penicillin.
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PMID:Ophthalmoplegia due to actinomycosis. 294 22

The involvement of the central nervous system in acute leukemia was studied in 15 adult patient. 60% of the patients were up to 35 years of age and 12 of them (80%) were with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In 12 of the patients the nervous system was affected in the acute course of the disease, in one female patients--in the course of induction treatment and in the remaining patients--after the induction treatment. The manifestations of neuroleukemia are predominantly meningoradicular irritation with headache--in 86.7% of the patients, diplopia, papilledema, dysarthria and palpebral ptosis with affection of the cranial nerves (III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, XII). In 12 patients (87.5%) blast cells were found in the cerebrospinal fluid in numbers ranging from 70 up to 36,000/mm3. In 26.7% of the patients other extramedullary localizations of leukemia were found parallelly (testes, thyroid gland hypopharynx, muscles). The application of methotrexate intrathecally and radiation therapy of the cranium led to a remission in 43% of the patients. Favourable results with considerably prolonged survival can be achieved also in patients with many recurrences of the disease. The need of neuroleukemia prophylaxis is proved (it is obligatory for the patients with acute lymphatic leukemia and with some forms of acute myeloblastic leukemia).
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PMID:[Extramedullary localization of acute leukemia. I. The involvement of the central nervous system]. 316 77

Symptomatic maxillary sinus cysts are diagnosed less frequently than similar cysts of the frontal and ethmoidal sinuses and are rarely reported in the ophthalmic literature. Patients with cysts of the maxillary sinus may present to the ophthalmologist with proptosis, enophthalmos, diplopia, ptosis, epiphora, and, rarely, decreased visual acuity. Four patients with maxillary sinus mucoceles are presented; one of these patients had a concurrent retention cyst in the orbit. Clinical history, radiologic findings, and histopathologic mechanisms are discussed. Mucocele is a recognized complication of the Caldwell-Luc procedure and midface trauma. Blockage of the sinus ostia was the cause previously proposed to explain antral mucocele development. Clinical and histopathologic features may support more than one single mechanism for the pathogenesis of maxillary sinus cysts. Maxillary sinus mucocele or retention cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of exophthalmos or enophthalmos following blowout fracture of the orbital floor.
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PMID:Destructive cysts of the maxillary sinus affecting the orbit. 317 50

Prostate carcinoma was previously thought to be a rare source of orbital metastasis. We studied a clinical series of eight cases of orbital metastases from prostate carcinoma. Presenting symptoms included proptosis, pain, diplopia, eyelid swelling, decreased vision, ptosis, and red eye. The mean age at onset was 72.1 years. In three of the eight patients, evaluation of the orbital masses led to the diagnosis of prostate carcinoma. Of the six patients in whom computed tomography was performed, four had predominantly osteoblastic lesions. In our experience, the rapid development of an osteoblastic orbital lesion in an elderly man is highly suggestive of metastatic prostate carcinoma.
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PMID:Orbital metastases from prostate carcinoma. 317 51

Seven patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) unresponsive to thymectomy and steroid treatment (Osserman group III) underwent plasma perfusion (PP). All patients showed palpebral ptosis, diplopia, dysphonia, dysphagia, and muscle weakness; five of them had impaired ventilatory function. Separated plasma was perfused onto a column to adsorb anti-AChR-Ab. Each patient received a treatment cycle of six PP sessions. Clinical conditions were assessed before and after the treatment, with evaluation of muscular strength, ventilatory function, and electromyographic testing (RSS). Immunologic markers were tested before and after each PP. Clinical improvement in bulbar symptoms and respiratory function was noted in all patients after one to three PP. Limb muscle strength began to improve later. Serum concentration decreased (mean % +/- SD) after each PP:anti-AChR-Ab 36.47 +/- 17.43; IgA 20.44 +/- 11.26; IgG 21.24 +/- 32.56; IgM 23.22 +/- 11.40; C3 36.78 +/- 10.15; C4 42.69 +/- 14.82. In five of seven patients the improvement continues (follow-up 1 to 10 months). In one patient it lasted only 1 month, and in another a relapse occurred after 10 months of benefit, but was successfully reversed by retreatment.
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PMID:Plasma perfusion in myasthenia gravis. 319 71

The authors review their long-term results and complications with the use of botulinum A toxin in the treatment of facial dystonias. Two hundred thirty-two patients in three diagnostic groups--essential blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, and Meige's syndrome--were treated with botulinum A toxin. A total of 1044 treatments were given over a 4-year period. A reduction in orbicularis spasm intensity was noted in 1012 (96.9%) treatments (mean duration, 13.3 weeks). There was no clear relationship between toxin dose and the amount of spasm reduction or duration of response, and average duration of beneficial effect remained constant from the first through the twelfth injections. Complications occurred in 236 (22.6%) treatments. In most cases, these were local and transient. Symptomatic dry eye was the most common side effect, noted in 7.5% of cases. Ptosis was reported in 7.3% of treatments and photophobia in 2.5%. Diplopia involving the inferior oblique or lateral rectus muscles was seen in less than 1% of cases. There were no differences in degree of response or in complications among the three diagnostic groups, although there was a slight difference in duration of effect. Patients who had undergone previous eyelid surgery for blepharospasm did not respond differently from those without prior surgery.
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PMID:Long-term results and complications of botulinum A toxin in the treatment of blepharospasm. 321 61

After introducing the problem of blepharospasm, we report our experience on treatment with purified botulinum A toxin in 16 cases of blepharospasm, symptomatic in two and essential in 14, than had not responded to drugs. The changes in intensity and frequency of spasm after treatment were evaluated on a clinical scale and by review of videotapes. The beneficial effect appeared within a week in most patients, lasting from 6 to 28 weeks (mean 13), and reached the maximum at the third-seventh week. Mild spasms and female patients responded better. Repeated injections were followed by better response to the drug. Complications, exclusively local, were represented by transient corneal exposure, ptosis, lacrimation or diplopia.
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PMID:Beneficial effect of botulinum A toxin in blepharospasm: 16 months' experience with 16 cases. 322 Jul 8

The natural history and response to different treatments have been evaluated in 264 patients with blepharospasm. The mean age of onset was 55.8 years and there was a female preponderance of 1.8 to 1. Dystonia elsewhere was found in 78% of patients, usually in the cranial-cervical region, and appeared to follow a somatotopic progression. A family history of blepharospasm or dystonia elsewhere was found in 9.5% of cases, which suggests a genetic predisposition. Ocular lesions preceded the onset of blepharospasm in 12.1% of cases. The response to drugs was inconsistent, although initial improvement was experienced by one fifth of patients treated with anticholinergics. Twenty-nine bilateral facial nerve avulsion operations were performed with benefit in 27 cases; but recurrences appeared in 22, on average one year after surgery. Botulinum toxin injections were performed in 151 patients. Significant improvement was achieved in 118 cases. Mean duration of benefit was 9.2 weeks. Transient ptosis and diplopia were the commonest side effects.
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PMID:Blepharospasm: a review of 264 patients. 340 84

13 patients with hemifacial spasm and 19 patients with blepharospasm (essential blepharospasm or Meige syndrome) were treated with injection of botulinum A toxin in the eyelids. The effectiveness of this therapy is constant and the treatment offers relief to almost all patients. The response times for repeated treatment was 6 months for blepharospasm and 7 months for hemifacial spasm. Repeated injections were performed in several patients and gave the same improvement. Transient ptosis or diplopia were observed in 11 patients. Possible systemic side effects (respiratory trouble) were documented in two patients. Botulinum toxin injection is an effective treatment but the relief is usually temporary and repeated treatments are necessary.
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PMID:[Treatment of blepharospasm and facial hemispasm by injection of botulinum toxin]. 341 19


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