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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During the post-mortem examination of a 15-year patient who had died after the operation connected with incision of commissures a distorted form of the hypophysis was noted. Histological, histochemical and morphometric investigations showed that there was basophilic adenoma of adenohypophysis and prolapse of the tissue (beyond the borders of the adenoma) through a fistula against the background of changes characteristic of chronic diseases in childhood. Oxyphilic shift, moreover, was noted not only in the first zone of the adenohypophysis, but in other zones, as well as with a simultaneous increase in number of basophiles in I--III zones. Prolapse of the tissue, the latter being normal as far as the tumours growth was concerned, through the fistula took place at a considerable distance from the adenoma, which justifies the consideration of this process as a result of hyperplasia not connected with adenoma. Edges of the fistula bordering the prolapse, haemorrhages were to be seen.
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PMID:[Basophilic adenoma in combination with a prolapse of adenohypophyseal tissue through the capsule]. 17 Aug 95

To our knowledge, the juvenile form of spongy degeneration of the CNS (SD-CNS); van Bogaert-Bertrand disease) has been described previously only three times. We report the case of 21 1/4-year-old Japanese woman who was first seen at the age of 11 with growth retardation, ptosis, and ophthalmoplegia. Her progressive neurodegenerative disease included retinitis pigmentosa, blindness, partial deafness, cerebellar dysfunction, hyporeflexia, and muscle wasting. Simultaneous endocrine defects were diabetes mellitus and probable hyperaldosteronism. Heart block developed later. She died of bronchopneumonia. Autopsy showed CNS stigmas typical of spongy degeneration. Additional findings included peripheral nerve demyelination, neurogenic muscle atrophy, pituitary and pancreatic atrophy, right adrenal agenesis, and a left adrenal coritcal lipid-cell adenoma. To our knowledge, our patient was the oldest survivor, the first patient of Japanese ancestry, and had a unique concurrence of certain oculoendocrine defects.
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PMID:Spongy degeneration of the CNS: an instance of the rare juvenile form. 50 59

A case of mucosal prolapse syndrome in the rectum is reported. A 61-year-old female presented complaining of bloody discharge and constipation for 2 months. Colonoscopy revealed an elevated lesion on the left anterior wall of the rectal canal. Biopsy showed glandular proliferation and fibromuscular obliteration of the lamina propria, findings characteristic of mucosal prolapse syndrome. It is a rare disorder affecting the rectum because the lesion looks macroscopically like a protruding adenoma.
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PMID:A case of mucosal prolapse syndrome. 182 85

Pre-operative thallium-technetium subtraction scintigraphy of 50 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, which was subsequently proven on histology to be due to an adenoma, was compared with operative findings. Six scans were negative and seven uninterpretable. Of the remaining 37 patients, 34 had correct scan prediction of the anatomical locations of the adenomas. On examination of the origins of the adenomas, all six scintigraphic predictions of upper adenomas corresponded to tumours arising from the upper gland found at operation. Of the 25 lower predictions, there was one false positive and 16 were correct, i.e. of lower gland origin, but eight were found to originate from the upper gland. This misinterpretation is though to be due to the prolapse of an adenoma arising from the upper gland towards the lower pole of the thyroid, thereby mimicking a lower lesion on the scan.
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PMID:Misinterpretation of the upper parathyroid adenoma on thallium-201/technetium-99m subtraction scintigraphy. 184 37

Three patients who developed unilateral ptosis followed by partial third nerve palsy were found to have a pituitary tumour. The visual field defects were minimal and asymptomatic. Two patients had a chromophobe adenoma and one patient had a prolactinoma. The importance of recognising a pituitary tumour as the cause of acquired unilateral ptosis is emphasised.
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PMID:Ptosis as the early manifestation of pituitary tumour. 232 19

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare thin-section magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and high-resolution computed tomography (CT) in patients with suspected pituitary adenomas. Twenty-two patients (19 women and three men) with hyperprolactinemia (N = 16), increased growth hormone secretion (N = 2), increased corticotropin secretion (N = 1), and nonsecreting adenomas (N = 3) were studied with both contrast-enhanced, high-resolution CT scanning and thin-section MRI. Contrast-enhanced examinations consisted of contiguous 1.5-mm coronal sections during contrast infusion. The MRI examinations consisted of spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted sequences with a 2.5-3.0-mm slice thickness on the coronal and sagittal planes. Fourteen women had similar findings on CT and MRI (four macroadenomas, six microadenomas, one wide stalk, two empty sellas, and one normal study). The remaining eight subjects had conflicting results: CT findings were compatible with a microadenoma in all eight patients, whereas MRI detected one enlarged pituitary, two empty sellas (one with prolapse of the optic chiasm) without evidence of adenoma, and five normal examinations. Thus, both studies detected macroadenomas accurately, but CT was frequently unable to diagnose correctly an empty sella. Because patients with possible microadenomas were not submitted to surgery, the accuracy of either radiologic method cannot be assessed at this time. However, we suggest that MRI is superior to CT because of its inherently greater soft-tissue contrast, which allows clear visualization of the optic chiasm, optic nerves, cavernous sinuses, and carotid arteries.
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PMID:Computed tomography versus magnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of suspected pituitary adenomas. 272 20

Four cases in which nabothian cysts extended deeply into the cervical wall are described. Well differentiated adenocarcinoma of the minimal-deviation type (adenoma malignum) was an initial diagnostic consideration in three of them. The cysts were incidental findings in patients 32 to 79 years of age, who underwent hysterectomy for uterine leiomyomas (two cases), uterine prolapse (one case), and a leiomyosarcoma of the pelvic soft tissues (one case). Gross examination of the cervix in each case revealed multiple mucin-filled cysts that extended almost to the serosa or paracervical connective tissue. On microscopic examination, the cysts were characteristic of nabothian cysts, being lined by columnar to flattened endocervical-type cells devoid of atypical features or mitotic activity. Postoperative follow-up, available in three patients, was uneventful over periods of 1, 6, and 10 years. Deep nabothian cysts are an uncommon nonneoplastic lesion of the cervix that is important to distinguish from adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:Deep nabothian cysts of the uterine cervix. A possible source of confusion with minimal-deviation adenocarcinoma (adenoma malignum). 280 13

We reviewed the clinical records of 38 patients with benign neoplasms or tumors of the larynx that were examined in the Department of Otolaryngology, Kurume University Hospital during the 10-year period from 1971 to 1980. There were 24 patients with papilloma, 4 amyloid tumor, 2 hemangioma, 2 chondroma, 1 neurofibroma, 1 pleomorphic adenoma, 1 eosinophilic granuloma, 2 non-specific swelling of the ventricular fold, and 1 so-called prolapse of the ventricle. Some of these conditions, such as chondroma, neurofibroma, pleomorphic adenoma and eosinophilic granuloma, are vary rare.
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PMID:Benign neoplasms of the larynx. A 10-year review of 38 patients. 631 88

Since the first reports of pituitary oncocytoma by Kovacs and Horvath, and Landolt and Oswald increasing numbers of cases have been reported with the advent of electron microscopy. It has been posturated that more cases were not precisely diagnosed because of lack of electron microscopic study. We reported two cases of pituitary oncocytoma and discussed clinicopathological aspects. Case 1 A 66-year-old woman had a 6 year history of visual impairment. Neurological examination revealed loss of vision on the left and decreased visual acuity (0.3) with temporal hemianopsia on the right. The endocrinological study revealed moderate panhypopituitarism. Plain skull X-ray, computed tomography and cerebral angiography showed the findings of a pituitary tumor with suprasellar extension. Subfrontal removal of the tumor followed by irradiation was performed. Case 2 A 50-year-old man was well until 8 years previously, when he experienced loss of libido. Three years before entry, the left sided exophthalmos and ptosis were noted. Neurological examination showed a severe visual impairment with a bitemporal field defect, bilateral optic atrophy and disturbance of eye movements on the left. Endocrinological study revealed panhypopituitarism. Radiological studies showed a pituitary tumor with a suprasellar extension and an invasion into the left orbital cavity. Transcranial and then transsphenoidal partial removal of the tumor were done followed by irradiation. Histological examination of the tumors revealed a poorly granurated adenoma with very weak affinity to acid dyes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Pituitary oncocytoma]. 650 55

A 20-year-old asymptomatic woman suddenly had complete right ophthalmoplegia associated with right ptosis and impairment of the sensory and motor functions of the right papillary cranial nerve. These symptoms were found to be caused by a chromophobe adenoma of the pituitary gland. Complete resolution of the patient's symptoms followed surgical aspiration of the tumor with subsequent radiation therapy.
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PMID:Sudden complete ophthalmoplegia associated with pituitary adenoma. 686 7


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