Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The two children of an epileptic woman who underwent therapy with hydantoin during both pregnancies showed the characteristic findings of the fetal hydantoin syndrome: growth retardation, microcephaly, mental retardation, and a distinct hysmorphic pattern. Both exhibited a ridged metopic suture, hypertelorism, a short nose with a broad base, hypoplasia of the distal phalanges and nails of the toes, and inguinal hernias. In addition the 18-month-old girl exhibited epicanthal folds, strabismus, ptosis, and a small ventricular septal defect; she had been exposed in utero to 300 mg mesantoin daily. Her 6 1/2-year-old brother was more severely retarded, lacking speech and presenting with infantile autism. During pregnancy the mother had taken 400 mg mesantoin daily. About half of the offspring of epileptic women treated with hydantoin during pregnancy are mentally retarded, and 11% exhibit in addition the pattern of dysmorphic findings known as the fetal hydantoin syndrome. Hydantoin should therefore be strictly avoided in epileptic women of child-bearing age unless safe contraceptive measures are taken. In the event of pregnancy, therapeutic abortion should be considered if hydantoin therapy must be maintained.
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PMID:[Fetal hydantoin syndrome in siblings]. 10 83

A 1-page problem-oriented medical record covering medical history, physical findings, and laboratory observations can be used to provide a complete base of clinical information and documentation for the physician. Current information and guidelines for selecting oral contraceptives are discussed. Decisions for recommending IUD use should be based on 4 criteria: depth of uterine cavity, previous pregnancy experience, previous IUD experience, and presence or absence of contraindications. The management of infection and pregnancy during IUD use is discussed. Diaphragm use is contraindicated in uterine prolapse and pelvic relaxation. Both female and male sterilization is effective and relatively safe; however, the latter is less risky. Abortion is safest when performed early in pregnancy. Factors determining the method of family planning are effectiveness, safety, convenience, cost, reversibility, life-style, and ethics. The physician rarely needs to override the patients' decision as to method.
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PMID:Family planning and the primary care physician. 85 Jun 64

In a review of the effect of gynecological operations on sexual function, difficulties resulting from operative technique and from psychological side effects were discussed. In repair of prolapse of the vagina, operative technique has been considered of crucial importance in influencing the sexual life of the patient. Preoperative clinical assessment rarely gives an accurate picture but can prepare the operator for some unforeseen difficulties. Patients with recurrent prolapse may have to sacrifice a functional vagina in the interest of surgical cure. However, the patient's views on coitus must be sought before surgery. Vaginal hysterectomy as an alternative to abdominal surgery can result in a rapid return to normal sexual function. Anterior colporrhaphy, the most commonly performed prolapse repair, may narrow the vagina from a too wide excision of vaginal epithelium. Some degree of shortening was thought to be almost invariable. Posterior colpoperineorrhaphy has been the major cause of vaginal stenosis after prolapse repair. The operation should be avoided but a technique by Simmons avoids the useless skin bridge, the main cause of postoperative dyspareunia. In anticipation of continuing postmenopausal atrophy, undue tightening of the vagina should be avoided. Sexual difficulties resulting from episiotomy frequently result from inaccuracy of siting and repair in favor of speed and dispatch. However, some postpartum difficulties in return to sexual function can result from emotional factors. Relief from postoperative contracture after vaginal operations may be obtained by several means including William's operation for vaginal atresia. Other gynecological procedures were considered outside the scope of this article. Therapeutic abortion and sterilization represent a different kind of operation because of emotional impact. However, it is suggested that many sexual problems are the result of poor preoperative explanation and postoperative instructions.
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PMID:Sexual life after gynaecological operations--II. 113 77

The effects of previous induced abortion on pregnancy, labor and outcome of pregnancy were measured in a prospective study of 11,057 pregnancies to West Jerusalem mothers who were interviewed during pregnancy and who subsequently delivered a single live or stillborn infant. The 752 mothers who reported one or more induced abortions in the past were more likely, at the same interview, to report bleeding in each of the first 3 months of the present pregnancy. They were subsequently less likely to have a normal delivery and more of them needed a manual removal of the placenta or other intervention in the third stage of labor. In births following induced abortions, the relative risk of early neonatal death was doubled, while late neonatal deaths showed a 3- to 4-fold increase. There was a significant increase in the frequency of low birthweight, compared to births in which there was no history of previous abortion. There were increases in major and minor congenital malformations, but no significant changes in stillbirth or post-neonatal death rates, nor in mean birthweight or sex ratio. When the effects of other variables were taken into account, there were no significant changes in frequency following an induced abortion as to: ABO and rhesus isoimmunization, toxemia, hydramnios, premature rupture of membranes, induction of labor, breech or vacuum delivery, cesarean section, breech presentation, placenta previa, placental abruption, cord prolapse, cord anomalies, fetal distress or asphyxia, post-partum hemorrhage.
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PMID:Late sequelae of induced abortion: complications and outcome of pregnancy and labor. 116 27

Late miscarriage is a well-known complication in multiple pregnancies. Two cases were presented with rupture of the membranes and prolapse of the cord with the death of the presenting fetus are reported. In both cases extraction of the presenting fetus was carried out at 21 weeks of pregnancy followed by cervical cerclage. A triplet pregnancy which was reduced to two fetuses reached 30 weeks and two healthy infants were delivered. A twin pregnancy which was reduced to one fetus, resulted in that one being lost two weeks later when the patient developed chorioamnionitis and septicaemia.
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PMID:[Premature rupture of membranes in multiple pregnancies. Active echo-guided extraction of one fetus and continuation of the pregnancy. Report of 2 cases]. 195 69

Heart disease is the most important nonobstetric cause of maternal death; however, most young women with heart disease do well during pregnancy. If the physician is uncertain of the effects of pregnancy on a particular heart condition, needless restrictions may be imposed. The main hazards are: pulmonary edema when it occurs suddenly in mitral stenosis; pulmonary hypertension (because pulmonary vascular disease tends to be exacerbated by pregnancy); infective endocarditis (this is rare); and fulminating peripartum cardiomyopathy. The practical management of the pregnant patient with various concomitant heart conditions (congenital heart disease, pulmonary hypertension, rheumatic heart disease, anticoagulants and artificial valves, constrictive pericarditis, kyphoscoliosis, Marfan's syndrome, mitral prolapse, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, infective endocarditis, and arrhythmias) is discussed. An absolute indication for therapeutic abortion is severe pulmonary vascular disease; discretionary indications include 'chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension,' cardiomyopathies (depending on the hemodynamic disturbance), and Marfan's syndrome.
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease in pregnancy. 218 16

Under field conditions a 97.8% success rate was achieved for caesarean operations performed on ewes with live or freshly dead lambs present in utero. Where lambs were in moderate to advanced stages of autolysis and emphysema the survival rate of the dam was 57.1%. Neither the presence of a vaginal prolapse nor abortion appeared to have an influence on the survival rate of the ewe. Interference and trauma to the posterior reproductive tract prior to veterinary examination reduced the success rate of cases. Ewes with a history during gestation of a prolapsed vagina were 10 times more likely to require a caesarean operation to correct the dystocia than normal ewes. A range of haematological variables failed to give an accurate prognostic guide to the outcome of surgery. A caesarean operation is recommended in preference to euthanasia of a ewe that could have been considered a poor-risk surgical case. Fetotomy was not possible in cases where emphysematous lambs were present in utero.
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PMID:Ovine caesarean operations: a study of 137 field cases. 259 Aug 26

The case of an uterus--bladder fistula which developed after a Cesarean section and caused repeated spontaneous abortion is presented. With the already existing fistula dry labor was followed by the prolapse of the umbilical cord and finally by spontaneous abortion in the course of 2 successive pregnancies. As surgical solution hysterectomy and closing of the bladder fistula were carried out.
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PMID:[Uterus-bladder fistula causing repeated spontaneous abortion]. 272 41

A woman and her two children had apparent dominantly inherited ocular abnormalities including aniridia, ptosis, nystagmus, corneal pannus, persistent pupillary membrane, lenticular opacities, and foveal hypoplasia. A broad spectrum of iris abnormalities was observed: the daughter had aniridia with persistent pupillary membrane strands traversing the anterior lens capsule; the iris of the mother and son had a velvety surface with no detailed crypts, but did have some persistent pupillary membrane tags extending from the collarette. All three family members had moderately severe bilateral ptosis, pendular nystagmus, corneal pannus, and visual acuity of 20/200. Several systemic abnormalities also were noted, including obesity and mental retardation in the two children, and alopecia, cardiac abnormalities, and frequent spontaneous abortion in the mother. Family history indicated that the children's maternal grandmother also had similar ocular findings. We believe that this constellation of findings represents a rare, apparently dominant, variant of aniridia.
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PMID:Unusual variant of familial aniridia. 309 5

In 80 pregnancies with clinical and ultrasonic signs of cervical incompetency, the length of the cervix and the thickness of the anterior wall of a lower uterine segment have been evaluated ultrasonically. We have also measured the width of the endocervical canal and studied the prolapse of fetal membranes (with fetal parts) into the endocervical canal. We evaluated these same parameters in 80 healthy pregnancies. The length of the cervix, the thickness of the anterior wall of a lower uterine segment, and the width of the endocervical canal were followed longitudinally in the patients from the 10th to the 36th gestation week. No statistically significant differences between age groups were found. In four age groups at risk for cervical incompetency, cervical lengths and wall thickness were significantly different (p less than 0.001) from those in comparable controls. Forty-five percent of the patients in the at-risk group, with cervical cerclage, delivered at 37.3 (range: 32 to 41) weeks and 6.25% of pregnancies ended in abortion when the amniotic membrane herniated into the cervical canal, with or without some part of the fetus.
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PMID:Ultrasonography in the detection of cervical incompetency. 315 57


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