Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0033377 (prolapse)
 11,717 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In Sri Lanka, Russell's viper, Vipera russelli pulchella, kills more people than any other species of snake. At Anuradhapura in the dry central zone of the island we studied 23 patients with systemic envenoming after proven bites. Seventy-three per cent had swelling at the bite site. Neurotoxicity was the commonest sign of systemic envenoming: 82 per cent had external ophthalmoplegia and 77 per cent had ptosis. Incoagulable blood was found in 59 per cent but only 36 per cent had spontaneous bleeding. Other signs included generalized muscle tenderness (32 per cent), black urine (27 per cent) and persistent oliguria (9 per cent). Laboratory studies showed evidence of a severe clotting disorder: fibrinogen was often depleted as were factors V and X. Fibrin degradation products, including cross-linked moieties, were grossly elevated, clear evidence for enhanced fibrinolysis. Intravascular haemolysis, unrelated to G6PD deficiency, was often present. Myoglobin was detected in the plasma of all 19 patients tested (range 100- greater than 8000 ng/ml) and in the urine in 14 of 18 patients (110- greater than 16,000 ng/ml). Venom antigen (16.5-702 ng/ml) was detected by specific ELISA in the serum of all patients. Its concentration fell with the administration of 50-200 ml of Haffkine polyspecific antivenom raised against Indian venoms. Complete permanent clearance of venom antigen from the circulation was seen in only one of 21 patients who were followed until discharge. Blood coagulability was restored between one and 25 h (mean 8.8) after the first dose of antivenom in the 12 surviving patients whose clotting defect could be followed; no dramatic reversal of neuromyotoxic signs was seen. Haffkine antivenom thus has limited efficacy against systemic poisoning by Russell's viper in Sri Lanka.
 ...
PMID:Paralysis, rhabdomyolysis and haemolysis caused by bites of Russell's viper (Vipera russelli pulchella) in Sri Lanka: failure of Indian (Haffkine) antivenom. 325

Two hundred and seventy-six women over 50 years of age who had gynecologic surgery were followed postoperatively with the 125I-fibrinogen uptake test (125I-FUT) to detect deep venous thrombosis (DVT). By using a newly devised technique based on conventional 125I-FUT, the exact depth of thrombi could be determined. The correlation between the results with our new technique and those from phlebography was almost 100%. Forty-seven (17%) of the women developed DVT postoperatively, 60% of them occurring in the calf muscle veins. Patients subjected to abdominal hysterectomies for malignant diseases had the highest incidence of DVT (36%), whereas those operated on for benign diseases with the same technique had the lowest (11%). Patients operated on for uterine prolapse had an intermediate DVT frequency of 15% but advanced age and estrogens given preoperatively increased the frequency. Neither the type of anesthesia (epidural or general), nor the duration of the operation, significantly influence the incidence of DVT in this study.
 ...
PMID:Incidence of thrombosis after gynecologic surgery evaluated by an improved 125I-fibrinogen uptake test. 616 78

Fifteen cases of envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) are reviewed. Systemic effects were observed in eight patients, consisting of early hypotension (3), decreased plasma fibrinogen (3) and platelets (2), elevated fibrinolytic split products (3) and eyelid ptosis (1). Local venom effects were most common and included swelling (15), ecchymosis (10), bleb formation (6) and necrosis (3). Effects upon neuromuscular transmission were neither common nor a clinical problem. Treatment consisted of i.v. crystalloid solution (15) and antivenin (12).
 ...
PMID:Envenomation by the Mojave rattlesnake (Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus) in southern Arizona, U.S.A. 630 53

This study determines whether or not fibrin deposits occur more frequently in patients who had gynecologic surgical procedures for prolapse of uterus and treated with estrogens than in those in a control group. 11 women were given 50 ug of ethinyl estradiol daily for 3 weeks while 8 women were given 200 ug ethinyl estradiol daily for 12 days. The remaining 157 women who received no hormonal treatment served as controls. The women were examined postoperatively by the Iodine fibrinogen uptake test and phlebography according to the method of Nylander. The chi-square test with Yate's correction was used for data analysis. Fibrin deposits were found in 6 of the 11 women who received 50 ug ethinyl estradiol for 3 weeks and in 4 of 8 women receiving 200 ug for 12 days. Corresponding figures for the control group were 18 of 157, p 0.001. Estrogens should not prescribed to patients preoperatively. Estrogen therapy should be discontinued in patients who are about to be operated.
 ...
PMID:Estrogens and postoperative thrombosis evaluated by the radioactive iodine method. 740 6

The authors studied erythrocyte aggregation in 62 patients suffering from hemorrhoidal disease, distributed on the basis of proctoscopy findings between three groups (recent uncomplicated congestive attack, recent thrombosed hemorrhoid, stage IIb or III chronic prolapse). This hemorheological parameter is a sensitive marker of circulatory stasis. Values measured were compared with those obtained in 21 healthy subjects. Erythrocyte aggregation index was significantly higher in patients than in controls (31.6 +/- 6.8 versus 27.7 +/- 4.4) (p < 0.05). This difference was due essentially to increased values in patients with acute hemorrhoid problems. A parallel increase in blood fibrinogen was found in these same patients. Hemorheological changes could predispose to worsening of venous stasis in the hemorrhoidal circulation and participate in the onset or spread of thrombotic processes.
 ...
PMID:[Rheological parameters in hemorrhoid pathology]. 797 52

Venomous snakes with hematotoxin-Russell's viper (Daboia spp), Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma), and green pit viper (Cryptelytrops albolabris and C macrops, previously named Trimeresurus spp) are commonly found in Thailand. Coagulation factor activation, thrombocytopenia, hyperfibrinolysis, and disseminated intravascular coagulation are the main mechanisms of hemorrhaging from these snake bites. The neurological involvement and hepatocellular injury after Russell's viper bites were reported in Sri Lanka, but there is no report from Southeast Asia. This case was a 12-year-old hill tribe boy who had ptosis and exotropia of the left eye, respiratory distress, and prolonged venous clotting time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time; low fibrinogen and platelet count; and transaminitis after being bitten by a darkish-colored snake. He did not respond to antivenom for cobra, Malayan pit viper, or Russell's viper. However, his neurological abnormalities, respiratory failure, and hepatocellular injury improved, and coagulopathy was finally corrected after receiving antivenom for green pit viper. The unidentified snake with hematotoxin was alleged for all manifestations in this patient.
...
PMID:Neurological Involvement and Hepatocellular Injury Caused by a Snake With Hematotoxin Envenomation. 2589 Aug 58

Synthetic and biological materials are commonly used for pelvic floor reconstruction. In this study, host tissue response and biomechanical properties of mesh fabricated from co-electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLCL) and fibrinogen (Fg) were compared with those of polypropylene mesh (PPM) in a canine abdominal defect model. Macroscopic, microscopic, histological, and biomechanical evaluations were performed over a 24-week period. The results showed that PLCL/Fg mesh had similar host tissue responses but better initial vascularization and graft site tissue organization than PPM. The efficacy of the PLCL/Fg mesh was further examined in human pelvic floor reconstruction. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and pelvic organ prolapse quantification during 6-month follow-up were compared for patients receiving PLCL/Fg mesh versus PPM. According to the pelvic organ prolapse quantification scores, the anterior vaginal wall 3 cm proximal to the hymen point (Aa point), most distal edge of the cervix or vaginal cuff scar point (C point), and posterior fornix point (D point) showed significant improvement (P<0.01) at 1, 3, and 6 months for both groups compared with preoperatively. At 6 months, improvements at the Aa point in the PLCL/Fg group were significantly more (P<0.005) than the PPM group, indicating that, while both materials improve the patient symptoms, PLCL/Fg mesh resulted in more obvious improvement.
 ...
PMID:Preclinical animal study and human clinical trial data of co-electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) and fibrinogen mesh for anterior pelvic floor reconstruction. 2689 56