Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033036 (APC)
 10,214 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Plant-based diets and phytochemicals present in plants are associated with decreased risk of cancer. Brassica species, and broccoli in particular, are associated with reduced risk of several important cancers. Selenium (Se) is an essential nutrient that is covalently bound in a number of different chemical forms found in plants. Broccoli accumulates Se many-fold beyond the concentration of Se in the soil, and the chemical form of Se in broccoli is similar to the chemical form in high-Se garlic, a food with unique chemoprotective properties. Se from broccoli grown to accumulate more than 500 micro g Se/g did not accumulate in rat tissues or increase glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity to the same extent as Se salts or seleno-amino acids. Se from high-Se broccoli decreased the incidence of aberrant crypts in rats with chemically induced colon cancer by more than 50%, compared with controls. Se from high-Se broccoli also decreased the incidence of mammary tumors in rats treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) and tumor number and volume in APC(min) mice. These results suggest that development of methods to increase the natural accumulation of Se in broccoli may greatly enhance its health-promoting properties.
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PMID:Reduction of cancer risk by consumption of selenium-enriched plants: enrichment of broccoli with selenium increases the anticarcinogenic properties of broccoli. 1280 17

The analysis included 78 patients (42 men and 36 women) aged 48 to 67 years treated with cytostatics because of a neoplastic disease. In all the patients examined was evaluated the influence of the chemotherapy carried out on the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. It was confirmed that the effect of the action on the glutathione enzymes (GE) activity of the antineoplastic chemotherapy changes depending on the duration of the treatment with cytostatics. In the end this activity settles at a high level, statistically significantly higher than that registered before the beginning of the antineoplastic treatment. The increase of the GE activity is mainly favoured by the chemotherapy following the schemes FAC (5-fluorouracyl + doxorubicin + endoxan) and PAC (cisplatin + cyclofosfamide + pharmorubicin).
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PMID:The influence of antineoplastic chemotherapy on the glutathione enzymes activity in the blood. 1563 Feb 57

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic environmental and industrial cumulative pollutant that affects many organs, especially the liver. The present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of green tea on cadmium-induced hepatic dysfunction and oxidative stress in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were administered cadmium by injection of 20 micromoles/kg bw/every 3 days for six months. This study revealed significant (p < 0.05) liver dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and a decline in antioxidant enzyme activities in the liver of cadmium-treated rats compared to control animals. Compared to control rats, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gammaglutamyl transferase (GGT), acid phosphatase (PAC), phosphatase alkaline (PAL), as well as bilirubin and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARs), were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in Cd-treated rats. Moreover, antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase, were significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in the liver of cadmium-treated rats. The oral administration of 5% aqueous green tea extract, along with cadmium treatment for six months, caused a significant (p < 0.05) improvement in cadmium-induced toxicity by significantly decreasing (p < 0.05) the activities of enzymatic markers of liver dysfunction (LDH, GGT, PAC, PAL activities, as well as the bilirubin rate). Indeed, green tea extract significantly increased (p < 0.05) antioxidant enzymatic activities (SOD, Catalase, GPX) in rat liver, compared to those given cadmium alone. Thus, the oral administration of green tea, along with cadmium significantly (p < 0.05) improves cadmium-induced liver dysfunction and stress oxidant in rats' liver.
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PMID:Positive effects of green tea on hepatic dysfunction, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defence depletion induced by cadmium. 1939 45

Cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait. Ericaceae) fruits and juice are widely used for their antiadherence and antioxidative properties. Little is known however about their effects on clinical chemistry markers after long-term consumption. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of three commercial cranberry products, NUTRICRAN90S, HI-PAC 4.0, and PACRAN on the antioxidative status of rodents, divided into three experimental groups. The products were given as dietary admixtures (1500 mg of product/kg of stock feed) for 14 weeks to male Wistar rats (Groups 2-4) and a control Group 1 which received only stock feed. There were no significant cranberry treatment-related effects on oxidative stress parameters, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, advanced oxidation protein products, total SH-groups, or any other measured clinical chemistry markers. Hematological parameters, body weight, and food consumption were also unaffected by intake of cranberries. Only liver glutathione reductase activity and glutathione levels were significantly lower in Group 4 than in Group 1. Plasma alkaline phosphatase alone was significantly decreased in Group 2. No gross pathology, effects on organ weights, or histopathology were observed. No genotoxicity was found, and total cytochrome P450 level in liver was unaffected in all groups. The levels of hippuric acid and several phenolic acids were significantly increased in plasma and urine in Groups 2-4. The concentration of anthocyanins was under the detection threshold. The dietary addition of cranberry powders for 14 weeks was well tolerated, but it did not improve the antioxidative status in rats.
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PMID:Long-term effects of three commercial cranberry products on the antioxidative status in rats: a pilot study. 2005 64