Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033036 (APC)
 10,214 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Radiotherapy for malignant pelvic disease is commonly accompanied by treatment-induced proctitis, and rarely by colorectal cancer. Translocation of the beta-catenin protein, which is a key downstream effector of the Wnt signal transduction pathway, is frequently found in colorectal cancer. Nuclear beta-catenin enhances transcriptional activity of the cyclin D1 gene in cancer cells. Here, we evaluate the involvement of the Wnt pathway in radiation-induced colon carcinogenesis with rats (n = 36). Beta-catenin, APC, and cyclin D1 expression profiles were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in radiation-induced chronic colon injury including cancers and ulcerative lesions in rats (n = 12 in treated group, n = 12 in control group). In total, 3 cases of invasive adenocarcinomas were developed in the irradiated portion 50 weeks after a single dose of 36 Gy irradiation. Nuclear translocation of beta-catenin was observed in all radiation-induced colon cancers, whereas this protein was also found in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of 9 cases of non-neoplastic irradiated colonocytes. Nuclear translocation of beta-catenin correlated with loss of APC and gain of cyclin D1 expression, suggesting activation of the Wnt pathway during radiation-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. A single dose of 10 Gy was also given for acute injury (n = 12: 3 each in days 0, 3, 5, and 7, respectively). Beta-catenin expression was distributed in the cytoplasm of degenerating glands at day 3 and 5, and was observed in the cell membrane of those glands with histological normalization at day 7 after irradiation. Because translocation of beta-catenin was found in irradiated-colonic mucosa as well as colon cancer, disruption of beta-catenin expression might be one of the early events in radiation-induced colonic carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Altered expression of beta-catenin during radiation-induced colonic carcinogenesis. 1253 May 73

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) and radiation proctitis are two vascular disorders of the gastrointestinal tract that typically present with recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding. Although the pathogenesis of either condition is not known, they are unlikely to be similar. GAVE appears to be related to autoimmune disorders or cirrhosis, while radiation proctitis is the result of pelvic irradiation, most commonly used for the treatment of pelvic malignancies. Medical therapies for both conditions are not typically effective, and surgical therapies are usually not required because endoscopic treatment, aimed at coagulation of the underlying vascular lesions, has evolved as the most effective therapy. There is limited evidence in the literature for the use of medical and surgical therapies, with most of the evidence coming from case reports involving small numbers of patients. In the present article, we review the evidence for the use of argon plasma photocoagulation (APC, the most commonly used endoscopic modality) in the treatment of GAVE and radiation proctitis.
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PMID:Argon photocoagulation in the treatment of gastric antral vascular ectasia and radiation proctitis. 2001 31