Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0033036 (APC)
 10,214 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Over past three decades in Poland we have seen a steady increase in the incidence of colorectal cancer. It is unclear whether this phenomenon is associated with changes in biology of the disease. In the present study we compared basic clinical data and pathological features of colorectal carcinomas submitted as resection specimens to a single institution in 1975 (n=76) and 1995 (n=106). We found a significant increase in sigmoid tumors (15.8% in 1975, 34.9% in 1995, P=0.0028), a decline in the frequency of mucinous carcinomas (22.4% in 1975, 7.5% in 1995, P=0.0041), and reversed distribution of low- and high-grade tumors (more high-grade than low-grade carcinomas in 1975, the opposite in 1995). We observed trends toward more pronounced peritumoral desmoplastic response, less prominent chronic peritumoral inflammatory infiltrate, and more frequent perineural invasion. The 1995 patients were on average significantly older at surgery (59 years in 1975, 64 years in 1995, P=0.02) and had smaller tumors (max. diameter=5.49 cm in 1975, 4.27 cm in 1995, P=0.0018). There were no differences in distribution of tumor stage, patient's sex, type of infiltrating margin formed by carcinomas, relative amount formed by the solid tumor component, invasion of veins and lymphatics, or presence of an adenoma contiguous with a carcinoma. Differences between 1975 and 1995 cases observed in our material probably reflect the changing biology of colorectal carcinoma in Poland. Mucinous, high-grade, proximal tumors, surrounded by prominent chronic inflammatory infiltrate, diagnosed in relatively younger subjects are associated with familial and sporadic cancers due to widespread genomic instability (replication error positive or RER(+) phenotype). We conclude that in Poland the APC/K-ras/p-53 carcinogenesis pathway is becoming even more important than the carcinogenesis characterized by RER(+) tumors. This study is a starting point for further investigations aimed at confirming this hypothesis.
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PMID:Preliminary report on pathology of colorectal cancer in Poland in 1995 and 1975: is it still the same disease? 1066 94

Three synthetic copper-coated EURO-static fibers (PET--polyester, PA--polyamide, and PAC--polyacrylamide) manufactured by EUROPA Corporation S.C., Poland, were tested as potential antimicrobial agents. The inhibitory properties of the fibers were examined using different microorganisms as follows: i. Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 reference strains, ii. 8 strains of S. aureus (4 MRSA and 4 MSSA) and 5 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from infected wounds, and iii. fungal pathogen Scopulariopsis sp. isolated from onychomycosis case. The results of experiments have evidenced that polyester (PET) copper-coated EURO-static fibers inhibit the growth of all the strains used.
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PMID:Antimicrobial properties of copper-coated electroconductive polyester fibers. 1087 46

The routine coagulation tests along with activated protein C resistance (APC-R) were studied in North-Eastern Poland women, applying for oral contraceptives. The APTT, PT and fibrinogen concentration were evaluated in 128 women, aged 20-40 years, by means of nephelometric method. For estimation of APC-R, Coatest APC Resistance V test was used. The abnormalities in routine coagulation test were found in 13.3% of studied women. The resistance to activated protein C was observed among 4.3% of women with normal results of routine coagulation tests. The thrombotic event occurred in one of five APC-R positive woman. There was no correlation between APC-V ratio and APTT, PT or fibrinogen values.
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PMID:[The routine coagulation tests along with activated protein C resistance (APC-R) in population of women applying for oral contraceptives]. 1204 Oct 17

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common forms of cancer and the second leading cause of death in Poland. Most cases of CRC are sporadic but a small percentage occurs in heritable syndromes such as dominant autosomal adenomatous and hamartomatous polyposis syndromes and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancers. In a majority of cases CRCs are thought to develop in a step wise progression from normal epithelium through polyp form to carcinoma. Many genetic changes are observed in this process like inactivation of the tumor suppressor genes as well as the activation of specific oncogenes. Molecular biological studies have shown mutations of p53, Apc, k-ras and/or changes in proteins like APC and DNA microsatellite instability or loss of heterozygosity. For several years now great progress in this field and new concepts of screening strategies and therapeutic options have been made (gene therapy).
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PMID:[Genetic aspects of colorectal carcinogenesis]. 1518 54

This paper presents the results of bench-scale research into the efficiency of NOM removal by integrated processes-alum coagulation and PAC-adsorption. Experiments were conducted using riverine water samples (collected from the Odra River, Poland) and commercial powdered activated carbon. It has been shown that a PAC-enhanced coagulation process reduces the coagulant dose required and increases the process efficiency at the same time. For example, a coagulant dose of 2.0 mgAl/L and a PAC dose of 5 mg/L have produced results comparable to those of a coagulation process with no adsorbent aid but with a coagulant dose increased by 54%. The coagulation-adsorption tests were carried out at a pH of 6.0, which was lower than the pH(IEP) of the adsorbent. This procedure yielded a high extent of DOC and UV-254 removal, at 90% and 77%, respectively. The drop observed in the SUVA value after the process implied a decrease in reactive DOC forms and consequently a diminished risk that disinfection by-products might form. HPSEC analyses made it possible to describe the changes in the molecular weight distribution for the organic substances persisting in the water both after coagulation and after PAC-aided coagulation, and to evaluate their propensity to removal by the two methods. The coagulation process was effective as far as the removal of high-molecular-weight fractions is concerned. An increase in the removal of the low molecular weight NOM was achieved when the PAC-adsorption process had been combined with coagulation.
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PMID:Effects of natural organic matter removal by integrated processes: alum coagulation and PAC-adsorption. 1947 89

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in Poland. Annually approximately 11 000 new cases of CRC are diagnosed, while the number of deaths caused by CRC approaches 8 000. Five-year survival does not exceed 20%. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is responsible for about 1% of new cases of CRC. The risk of CRC in FAP syndrome is 100%, and the average age of CRC development is 39 years. Early colectomy is the most effective method of CRC prevention. We report an atypical case of CRC in a patient with FAP caused by 2797-2800delAACA mutation of the APC gene.
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PMID:Colorectal cancer in the course of familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome ("de novo" pathogenic mutation of APC gene): case report, review of the literature and genetic commentary. 2237 60

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a well-defined autosomal dominant predisposition to the development of polyposis in the colon and rectum at unusually early ages. The first symptoms of FAP are diarrhea and blood in the stool. Weight loss and weaknesses occur after the development of advanced tumour. The incidence of the FAP disorder is one per 10000 newborns. There are high levels of heterogeneity with regard to the number and timing of the occurrence of polyps. The classical form of FAP is characterized by the presence of more than 100 polyps, which appear in the second decade of life. The average time of occurrence of polyps is 15 years. The earliest symptoms of polyposis have been observed in a three-year-old child. The polyps are characterized by large potential for the development towards malignant tumour. Malignancy can occur from late childhood onwards. Attenuated adenomatous polyposis coli is characterized by a more benign course of disease in contrast to classical FAP. The occurrence of FAP is associated with mutations in the APC tumour suppressor gene, which was described in 1991. The APC gene is located on chromosome 5q21 and is involved in cell proliferation control. A recessive form of adenomatous polyposis is caused by mutations in the base excision repair gene - MUTYH gene. The MUTYH gene is involved in repairing DNA lesions as a result of oxidative DNA damage. MUTYH associated polyposis (MAP) is a predisposition to the development of polyps of the colon but the number of polyps is lower in comparison to classical FAP. The high risks of cancer observed in these two diseases make them important medical issues. Molecular studies of colonic polyposis have been performed in Poland for over fifteen years. A DNA Bank for Polish FAP patients was established at the Institute of Human Genetics in Poznan in which DNA samples from 600 FAP families have been collected.
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PMID:Familial adenomatous polyposis of the colon. 2414 10