Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032617 (polyuria)
 3,056 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 56-year-old woman was hospitalized with a right hemiplegia and aphasia evoking a cerebral infarction. In fact the neurologic deficits were of post-ictal origin, secondary to a partial epilepsy which began a few weeks before, at the same time as a polyuria-polydipsia syndrome revealing diabetes mellitus. This case illustrates the possibility for a partial epilepsy to occur in relation with a nonketotic hyperglycemia. If in most of those cases there is no underlying cortical lesion, in some observations the hyperglycemia is associated with an infarction. In our case the MRI revealed another type of lesion: a cortical dysplasia in form of a unilateral micropolygyria with a perisylvian distribution centered around the insula. The discovery of a cortical dysplasia at such an age is very unusual.
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PMID:[Epileptic seizures, hemiplegia and hyperglycemia: late discovery of a localized cortical dysplasia]. 1145 89

We assessed the utility of fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery (FLAIR) and diffusion-weighted (DWI) images in investigation of tacrolimus (FK-506) encephalopathy, and to see whether we could predict its cause from clinical and imaging data. In seven patients with presumed FK-506 toxicity the areas involved on MRI were similar to those in cyclosporin A (CsA) toxicity. The abnormal signal was most evident on FLAIR in all cases. In three of four patients who underwent DWI, no diffusion abnormalities were detected; in the remaining patient, increased diffusion was seen in the deep white matter bilaterally on the apparent diffusion coefficient map, consistent with the findings on T2-weighted spin-echo and FLAIR images. Five of the six patients for whom we had clinical data showed sudden changes in electrolyte or fluid equilibrium due to diarrhoea, a polyuria or oliguria one day before or on the day of onset of the central nervous system disturbances. We speculate that FK-506 encephalopathy is triggered by the disturbance of the electrolyte and/or fluid equilibrium, given a certain serum level of FK-506.
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PMID:MRI in seven cases of tacrolimus (FK-506) encephalopathy: utility of FLAIR and diffusion-weighted imaging. 1154 66

We report a case of secondary hypophysitis caused by rupture of Rathke's cleft cyst. A 30-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of polyuria and left visual acuity impairment. These symptoms were preceded by aseptic meningitis one month prior to admission. An MRI on admission showed a suprasellar cystic mass and a swelling pituitary stalk. The mass was partially resected via the transsphenoidal approach. Pathological diagnosis was adeno- and neuro-hypophysitis and ruptured Rathke's cleft cyst. These findings strongly suggested that the hypophysitis was caused by rupture of Rathke's cleft cyst. After the operation, the patient's visual acuity improved with steroid administration. An MRI performed 5 months after the operation showed marked reduction of the mass. To our knowledge, there have been only 5 reports of secondary hypophysitis caused by ruptured Rathke's cleft cyst.
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PMID:[Secondary pan-hypophysitis caused by rupture of Rathke's cleft cyst: case report]. 1180 14

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of cough, polydipsia and polyuria. Chest CT films showed mediastinal lymphadenopathy, nodules in the lung fields, and pleural effusion. Histopathologic examination of transbronchial biopsy specimens showed oat cell carcinoma. MRI films revealed tumorous swelling of the pituitary stalk. Central diabetes insipidus caused by pituitary metastasis of small cell lung cancer was diagnosed. After treatment with whole-brain irradiation and chemotherapy, the size of the swollen pituitary stalk was reduced and his urine volume decreased. He died of respiratory insufficiency 15 months after the initial diagnosis. No recurrence of pituitary metastasis was apparent. This was a rare case of central diabetes insipidus caused by pituitary metastasis of small cell lung cancer successfully treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
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PMID:[A case of central diabetes insipidus caused by metastatic small cell lung cancer]. 1197 72

Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis is a chronic inflammation of the pituitary gland. It is a rare occurrence and is diagnosed only on pathologic examination. We report a case of a 23-year-old female patient presenting with polyuria and polydipsia associated with a pituitary failure and hyperprolactinemia. MRI study showed a space occupying lesion of the pituitary gland with a marked enhancement after gadolinium injection. Pituitary biopsy was consistent with the diagnosis of idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis. The aim of this work is to discuss the different clinical and radiological aspects of the disease with a special emphasis on differential diagnosis.
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PMID:[Idiopathic granulomatous hypophysitis: clinical apppearance and imaging]. 1198 78

We report the case of a 53 year old patient who was admitted with polyuria, polydipsia associated with fatigue, depression and sexual dysfunction. Central diabetes insipidus with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism was diagnosed by a water restriction test and different static and dynamic hormonal dosages. Nodular thickening of the pituitary stalk was noted on the MRI and the biopsy permitted a histological diagnosis of infundibulitis.
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PMID:[Infundibulitis, an unusual case of central diabetes insipidus]. 1252 40

A 59-year-old woman whose first clinical manifestations were polyuria and polydipsia was admitted to our hospital. Brain MRI showed multiple mass lesions and a thickened pituitary stalk. Chest CT showed hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy and a small nodule measuring about 1.5 cm in the apex of the right lung. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung, and primary lung cancer with diabetes insipidus secondary to pituitary stalk metastasis was diagnosed. She received systemic chemotherapy and whole-brain irradiation concurrent with intranasal desmopressin (DDAVP) treatment. Although the size of the tumor was reduced, her symptoms did not improve and the same dose of hormone replacement therapy was required. We present this rare case and review the twenty cases of metastatic pituitary lesions arising from lung cancer reported in the literature.
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PMID:[Pituitary stalk metastasis from lung cancer, preceding diabetes insipidus--case report and clinical review of the literature]. 1269 6

A 52-year-old man presented with vomiting, general fatigue and hyponatremia. His symptoms and signs were consistent with the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Endocrine studies revealed hypopituitarism and administration of hydrocortisone resulted in a marked polyuria. The patient was diagnosed as masked diabetes insipidus. The lymphocytic hypophysitis was also diagnosed on the basis of MRI findings and anti-pituitary antibody. Six months later, these abnormalities disappeared. Diabetes insipidus may exist in a case of hyponatremia due to contrastive SIADH. Such patients may recover spontaneously and careful follow-up is required, avoiding a long-term treatment by monotonous continuation of hormonal replacement.
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PMID:Transient lymphocytic panhypophysitis associated with SIADH leading to diabetes insipidus after glucocorticoid replacement. 1460

Ganglioglioma is a lesion rarely encountered in the suprasellar region. Here we present a case of suprasellar region ganglioglioma that was totally removed by surgery. The patient was a 15-year-old female who complained of seizure for about 1 year, polyuria and eyesight descent for about 6 months. The neurological examination was without positive findings except bi-papilledema. By MRI, a huge cystic mass lesion was found in the suprasellar region, which caused slight obstructive hydrocephalus. The size of the mass was determined to be 4 cm x 3 cm x 3 cm. The levels of GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, LH, FSH, TT3, TT4, CORT-1 were normal. We resected this lesion totally by trans-anterior portion of the foramen of right lateral ventricle. The postoperative paraffin section and immunohistochemistry showed ganglioglioma, GFAP(+), CK(-), NF(+). The follow-up time was 10 months; the patient was in good condition and enjoyed high quality of survival. This tumor has special embryological origins, clinical manifestations, and pathological features. Ganglioglioma of the suprasellar region will be of relatively favorable prognosis if it is diagnosed and resected in the early stage.
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PMID:[Ganglioglioma of the suprasellar region]. 1461

Metastatic brain tumors from gastric cancer are extremely rare. A 61-year-old Korean woman, initially presenting with polydipsia and polyuria, was found to have metastatic lesions in the brain by MRI. We performed several diagnostic procedures to determine the origin of the brain metastases. She was revealed to have a soft tissue mass of the right adrenal gland and fungating ulcers in the stomach. Histologic studies of both the adrenal gland mass and gastric tissues revealed malignant tumors composed of anaplastic cells. Based on the electron microscopy study, the malignant tumor of the right adrenal gland was a metastatic lesion from the anaplastic carcinoma of stomach. Therefore, the malignant tumors of the brain were assumed to have originated from the gastric cancer. This case report is presented to make clinicians aware of the possibility that diabetes insipidus (polydipsia) may present as an initial manifestation of brain metastases.
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PMID:A case of gastric cancer initially presenting with polydipsia. 1568 17


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