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Query: UMLS:C0032290 (aspiration pneumonia)
 2,291 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A clinical course and the results of treatment of infections in 53 neonates with visceral cranium defects are discussed. The analysis included the type of defect, immunity and the causes of therapeutical failures. Developmental defects of other organs coexisted with visceral Cranium defects in 45% of the neonates. High incidence of aspiration pneumonia (in 57%) with unfavourable prognosis (40%) was observed despite an intensive respiratory therapy including assisted ventilation. Therapeutical failures were caused by the coexistence of other developmental anomalies (found in 80% od deceased neonates) and low body weight at birth (35% of deaths). No immunological disorders were found except sporadic deficit of immunoglobulins and T-cells. Prophylaxis is of utmost importance. It includes: early orthodontic correction and introduction of the appropriate feeding technique at the neonatal wards.
Pediatr Pol 1989 Feb
PMID:[Evaluation of the results of the treatment of infections in newborn infants with developmental anomalies of the facial bones]. 259 47

Anatomical and functional changes of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx due to malignant tumor surgery and irradiation, cause breathing, swallowing, phonation and lung protection disorders. Deglutition disorders and choking are observed in all patients who have undergone supracricoid laryngectomy. We presented 33 patients after supracricoid laryngectomy with simultaneous CHEP (6) or CHP (27) reconstructions. 18 patients had one arytenoid cartilage removed, in 1 patient both of them were removed. Removal of the stomach tube took place between 29-36th day after the surgery. 4 patients showed symptoms of the aspiration pneumonia. Difficulties in swallowing liquids persist in some cases even a few years after the surgery. Re-education and rehabilitation of swallowing is the predominant problem and the most important goal after the CHP and CHEP surgery.
Otolaryngol Pol 1995
PMID:[Swallowing disorders in patients after the laryngeal cancer surgery]. 764 94

The authors present a retrospective study of 463 partial horizontal laryngectomy of various types (horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy and its modifications, supracricoid laryngectomy with CHP and CHEP, glottic laryngectomy) performed in the years 1970-1991 in the ENT Clinic of Pomeranian Medical Academy in Szczecin. The aspiration pneumonia in 46 (about 10%) patients was observed as a result of insufficient lower airway protection. In cases of extended supraglottic laryngectomy (including the removal of one arytenoid cartilage and/or one vocal cord) aspiration pneumonia appeared more often (16%) than after classic supraglottic laryngectomy (6%). Reconstruction of elevation of arytenoid cartilage and/or vocal cord and base of tongue its extended resection augmented the efficacy lower airway protection.
Otolaryngol Pol 1994
PMID:[Aspiration pneumonia following various types of partial horizontal laryngectomy]. 797 Jul 56

Impairment of swallowing is a common symptom in advanced stage of Parkinson's disease and severe defect of this function may cause aspiration pneumonia, problems with food intake and cachexy. The aim of this study was to assess the reflex and oral, pharyngeal, oesophageal phase of swallowing. Eleven patients with Parkinson's disease and 9 healthy subjects were investigated by electromyography (EMG) and oesophageal scintigraphy. The study demonstrates delayed triggering of swallowing reflex (543 +/- 84 ms in patients with PD vs. 230 +/- 66 ms in controls, p < 0.05) and prolongation of laryngeal movement (1880 +/- 140 ms vs. 1349 +/- 154 ms, p < 0.05). The prolongation of the oesophageal phase of swallowing with predilection to retention of water in lower one/third part of esophagus (12.45 +/- 2.45 s vs. 6.45 +/- 1.18 s, p < 0.001) was observed. The dysphagia limit, that is the maximum amount of water swallowed at once, was also evaluated (all normal subjects are able to swallow 20 ml water or more at once). In the studied patients with Parkinson's disease it was 4.5 +/- 0.86 ml. These results evidently and objectively indicate the presence of swallowing disorders in Parkinson's disease. Dysphagia was observed in all studied patients, although only 8 of them complained about it. In other 3 cases the impairment of swallowing was subclinical and it was connected with prolongation of oesophageal phase.
Neurol Neurochir Pol
PMID:[Swallowing disorders in Parkinson's disease]. 1218 1

54-years old patient with ARDS syndrome due to aspiration pneumonia is described. Mechanical ventilation with lower as compared with traditional tidal volumes in the treatment was successfully performed.
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2002
PMID:[Mechanical ventilation with lower, as compared with traditional tidal volumes, for acute respiratory distress syndrome due to aspiration pneumonia]. 1270 84

Anaerobic bacteria are predominant components of normal oral cavity, upper respiratory tract, gastrointestinal, genital and skin flora. They are involved in infections such as pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia, lung abscess and empyema. Laboratory diagnosis of anaerobic infections is based on recovering the etiological agents from clinical materials. Appropriatte specimens include: pus, purulent fluid, biopsy specimen of lung, transtracheal aspirates and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Lower respiratory infections are usually either polymicrobial or mixed anaerobic-aerobic infections. Peptostreptococcus, Fusobacterium, Prevotella and Bacteroides are the most common anaerobes. Anaerobic bacteria are susceptible to metronidazole, tinidazole (exception of Gram-positive rods), amoxicillin/clavulanate, ampicillin/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, imipenem and clindamycin. Treatment includes an antibiotics regimen with an agent active against anaerobic and aerobic bacteria (therapy with 2 or 3 antimicrobial drugs).
Pneumonol Alergol Pol 2003
PMID:[Incidence of anaerobic bacteria in respiratory tract infections]. 1295 26

The paper describes the difficult course of catatonic-paranoid psychosis which began with symptoms similar to the myasthenia. The growing symptoms of catatonia (in this oral mechanisms with the compulsion of mastication, injuring with teeth of the mouth, tongue biting and damage, such as lockjaw) brought about choking which was followed by aspiration pneumonia. The patient had to have pharmacological coma induced, along with muscle relaxation and artificial ventilation in the conditions of the intensive care department. Despite treatment with high doses of neuroleptics, the repeated trials of bringing the patient out from the coma caused recurrence of the catatonic symptoms. A decision was made to go along with electroconvulsive therapy. During one of the ECT treatments there were complications in the form of circulation cessation which required defibrillation. The paper contains basic information about the serious complications of the electroconvulsive therapy. It moreover carries out the critical analysis of the whole treatment period.
Psychiatr Pol
PMID:[Analysis of severe and threefold atypical and serious course of catatonic-paranoid psychosis]. 2145 8

Huntington disease (HD) is a degenerative brain disease clinically manifested by the characteristic triad: physical symptoms including involuntary movements and poor coordination, cognitive changes with less ability to organize routine tasks, and some emotional and behavioral disturbances. For patients with HD, feeding is one of the problems they have to face. People with HD often have lower than average body weight and struggle with malnutrition. As a part of therapy, good nutrition is an intervention maintaining health and functional ability for maximally prolonged time. In the early stages of HD, small amounts of blenderized foods given orally are recommended. In more advanced stages, enteral nutrition is essential using gastric, or jejunal tubes for short term. Most severe cases require gastrostomy or gastrojejunostomy. Although enteral feeding is well tolerated by most of the patients, a number of complications may occur, including damage to the nose, pharynx, or esophagus, aspiration pneumonia, sinusitis, metabolic imbalances due to improper nutrient and fluid supply, adverse effects affecting gastrointestinal system, and refeeding syndrome.
Neurol Neurochir Pol 2014
PMID:Huntington Disease - principles and practice of nutritional management. 2548 56

Gastroesophageal reflux is a latent factor that may cause esophagitis, esophageal stenosis, and aspiration pneumonia through the regurgitation of the gastric fluid contents. For laparoscopic surgery, posture-changing and pneumoperitoneum operations are conducted to develop the visual field. However, few studies have examined the influence of these operations on gastroesophageal reflux. In this experiment using 10 Beagles, 10 mL of contrast medium was administered into the stomach, and the dogs were placed in the Trendelenburg position with 10-degree tilting. Pneumoperitoneum treatment with carbon dioxide was performed, with an intraperitoneal pressure of 10 mmHg. The presence or absence of gastroesophageal reflux was evaluated using computed tomography (CT). In horizontal and Trendelenburg positions, there was no reflux of Contrast medium. However, reflux was observed in the Trendelenburg position under pneumoperitoneum (p<0.05). These results suggest that the risk of gastroesophageal reflux increases during laparoscopic surgery in the Trendelenburg position with 10-degree tilting under an intraperitoneal pressure of 10 mmHg.
Pol J Vet Sci 2017 Dec
PMID:Influence of Trendelenburg position and pneumoperitoneum treatment on gastroesophageal reflux in dogs. 2961 54

Patients with neurologic diseases almost inevitably develop various degrees of swallowing disorders during their life. Dysphagia is one of the main negative prognostic factors in this class of patients, leading to severe morbidity (i.e. aspiration pneumonia, dehydration, malnutrition, and life quality deterioration) and to a noticeable increase in public health spending. Videofluorographic swallowing study is considered the gold standard technique for swallowing impairment assessment. It is aimed at early identification of the risk of aspiration, definition of the kind and grade of dysphagia, and an indication to suspend oral nutrition and adopt other feeding strategies, and define when the patient is able to return to physiological nutrition. Every radiologist should be familiar with the main videofluorographic swallowing features in neurological patients, not only because early diagnosis of deglutition disorders widely improves their prognosis, but also because customising feeding strategies has a great impact on patients' quality of life.
Pol J Radiol 2018
PMID:Swallowing impairment in neurologic disorders: the role of videofluorographic swallowing study. 3065 16


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