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Query: UMLS:C0032290 (aspiration pneumonia)
 2,291 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 323 patients (195 males and 128 females) were treated at the Russian Surgery Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences in 1963 to January 2001. They underwent 692 surgical or endoscopic interventions. Surgical treatment included circular tracheal resection and stepwise T-tube tracheal plastic repair. Three hundred and three patients were discharged, 20 patients died. Hospital mortality was 6.6%. Poor postoperative outcomes and intraoperative complications were noted after 93 (13.4%) interventions. The causes of death were bleeding in 5 patients, respiratory failure in 4, tracheal rupture at bougienage in 3, intraoperative vascular damage in 3, posthypoxic brain edema in 2, thrombotic embolism in 2, and total bronchospasm after tracheal endoscopic bougienage. Care to patients with cicatricial tracheal stenosis is frequently fraught with a risk and requires competence under the conditions of a specialized hospital. The most dangerous complications are those due to anastomotic incompetence, mediastinitis, bleeding, aspiration pneumonia, and respiratory failure.
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PMID:[Complications after tracheal cicatricial stenosis surgery]. 1209 48

Dysphagia is a common complication after stroke, being reported in 30-50% in acute stage patients. It is also critical that dysphagia may occur 3 to 5 days after onset because of brain edema, so clinicians must be careful to treat stroke patients with close observation. Especially elderly patients with dysphagia have a high risk of aspiration pneumonia, which might be life threatening condition for them. Dysphagia generally recovers spontaneously and frequency of the chronic stage cases is thought to be less 6%. The 30 ml water swallow test is used to screen dysphagia. If cough or some symptom of aspiration such as wet voice or breathing difficulties are seen, dysphagia is strongly suspected. Oral care is essential and diet modification and rehabilitation techniques are applied. Fiberoptic evaluation or fluoroscopic examination is recommended for severe dysphagia. The treatment plan should be established according to the pathological conditions. The goal of dysphagia management is to prevent aspiration pneumonia, dehydration and malnutrition. If swallowing difficulties continue, alternative nutrition. PEG or intermittent tube feeding, could be helpfull. Multidisciplinary team approach should be adopted for dysphagia management.
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PMID:[Evaluation and management of dysphagia after stroke]. 1270 45

Management of ischemic stroke is targeted on four therapeutic objectives: limitation of neurological deficit, prevention of earyl stroke recurrence, protection against complications, and secondary prevention. Intravenous thrombolysis within 4.5h of stroke onset is the only proven therapy to improvefunctional outcome. Although promising, neither endovascular recanalisation nor neuroprotective strategies have demonstrated efficacy so far. Immediate administration of antiplatelet agents like acetylsalicylic acid and clopidogrel - in case of intravenous thrombolysis at the earliest after 24h - is effective to prevent early stroke recurrence, whereas anticoagulants should be ommitted in this stage because of an increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage. Subcutaneous heparin/low molecular weight heparin, mobilisation, nasogastric tube, and decompressive craniectomy may protect from venous thromboembolism, aspiration pneumonia, and malignant brain edema, respectively. Secondary prevention is guided by stroke etiology, e.g. oral anticoagulation in the presence atrial fibrillation or endarterectomy in case of sympomatic high-grade carotid stenosis.
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PMID:[Ischemic stroke--diagnosis and treatment]. 2500 16