Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032290 (aspiration pneumonia)
 2,291 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Oral health is receiving increased recognition as an important factor for the health of women and children. This article describes pathological oral conditions and the physiological mechanisms involved in the maintenance of oral health during illness and hospitalization, including the importance of the production and secretion of adequate saliva. Alterations in physiology of saliva induced by hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy are described along with possible roles in pathophysiological conditions associated with pregnancy. The roles of xerostomia and periodontal disease as sources of pathological bacteria involved in aspiration pneumonia, ventilator-associated pneumonia, and chronic inflammation are described. The bidirectional interaction between oral health and general overall health is described, with special emphasis on cardiovascular disease. Specific evidence-based nursing measures to reduce the complications associated with poor oral health in at-risk patients are provided.
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PMID:Nursing care & management of pathological oral conditions among women and children. 1815 26

Data have emerged that the addition of concurrent chemotherapy to radiation can lead to swallowing dysfunction that may have an impact on patient quality of life and lead to significant morbidities such as poor nutritional status, enteral feeding tube dependence, and aspiration pneumonia. Although intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for head and neck cancer was initially developed to spare the parotid gland to reduce xerostomia, attention has recently focused on its utility to selectively decrease radiation dose to specified anatomic structures responsible for a functional swallow. Recent reports have proposed a variety of dose thresholds or constraints to these swallowing-related structures, which may guide IMRT planning with the aim of reducing dysphagia. This critical review of the current literature assesses the feasibility of IMRT to maintain swallowing function and appraises the various dosimetric parameters that have been proposed to help minimize long-term dysphagia.
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PMID:Practical considerations in reducing swallowing dysfunction following concurrent chemoradiotherapy with intensity-modulated radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. 2350 21

Patients with dry mouth are increasing in Japan due to the country's super-aging society and stressful modern society. Dry mouth affects quality of life, including difficulty with speech or swallowing, and also causes aspiration pneumonia and, respiratory infection. Moreover, dry mouth closely relates to taste dysfunction, resulting in malnutrition, a common risk of nursing care in the elderly. Against these backgrounds, dry mouth has recently been a target of social concern. Drugs for dry mouth such as M3, a muscarinic agonist, have been widely used: however, these drugs have serious side effects, such as vomiting, sweating and/or digestive disorders. We examined the gustatory-salivary reflex to explore a remedy for dry mouth. We have demonstrated that umami stimulation increases saliva from both minor- and major salivary-glands, and that the effect is longer-lasting than with the other four basic tastes. Stimulating the umami response could therefore be a safe and useful remedy for dry mouth.
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PMID:[New remedy for dry mouth using the gustatory-salivary reflex]. 2602 14

Removable dentures are worn by 20% of the UK population and two thirds of these individuals have denture stomatitis. Poor oral hygiene is commonplace among this group, as is smoking and xerostomia, which also contribute to the development of denture stomatitis. A complex polymicrobial biofilm is able to proliferate on the surface of denture materials and matures to form visible denture plaque. This denture plaque biofilm stimulates a local inflammatory process that is detectable clinically as erythema, and hyperplasia. Systemically, denture plaque represents a potential risk factor for systemic disease, in particular aspiration pneumonia. Respiratory pathogens have been detected in the denture plaque and overnight denture wear has been linked to an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia. There is a general lack of evidence on the adequate management of denture stomatitis and we present a protocol for use in the primary care setting.
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PMID:Denture Stomatitis: Causes, Cures and Prevention. 2925 41