Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fourteen 1- to 4-week-old hysterectomy-produced and colostrum-deprived (HPCD) pigs were inoculated intranasally with wild-type and ara-T-resistant strains of Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV), and the pathological lesion induced by the two strains was compared. The wild-type strain (YS-81) led to high mortality, and the pigs developed multifocal necrosis throughout the body and encephalitis. In comparison, the ara-T-resistant strain (YS-81TR) of the virus killed only 1-week-old HPCD pigs inoculated with 10(6.0) PFU per ml of the virus and did not kill pigs more than 2-weeks of age. The latter revealed consistently severe pneumonitis on post-inoculation day (PID) 14. Results of the present study indicated that the ara-T-resistant strain of ADV was less virulent for HPCD pigs than the parental wild-type strain of ADV and that it was able to grow better in the lung than in any other tissue.
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PMID:Comparative pathology of HPCD pigs infected with wild-type and ara-T-resistant strains of Aujeszky's disease virus. 215 50

We administered recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) (120 micrograms/m2/d by continuous intravenous [IV] infusion) to 12 patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at relatively high risk of early death during remission induction. GM-CSF began 3 days after completion of induction chemotherapy (ara-C 1.5 g/m2 d x 4 days by continuous IV infusion after a 3 g/m2 bolus). Rates of fatal infection (42%), pneumonia and/or sepsis (83%), and CR (50%) did not differ significantly (P less than .05) from those observed after administration of the identical chemotherapy without GM-CSF to 53 historical controls with newly diagnosed AML at similarly high risk of early death. There were no significant differences between the GM-CSF-treated and the historical groups in the time required to reach neutrophil counts of 500 or 1,000/microL after administration of chemotherapy. Four patients died of infection before they could have benefited from the earliest recovery of neutrophil count observed in patients who entered CR. Growth of leukemia after GM-CSF administration was observed in only 1 of the 8 patients who survived long enough for response to induction therapy to be fully evaluated. This observation suggests that it might be safe to undertake larger, randomized studies, perhaps using earlier administration of GM-CSF, to definitively determine the role of GM-CSF added to chemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed AML.
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PMID:Treatment of poor-prognosis, newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia with ara-C and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. 218 1

It has been proposed that intensive chemotherapy ror RAEB is dangerous, and a small dose of ara-C therapy is recommended in many institutes for its ability to differentiate leukemic cells. Combination chemotherapy for RAEB, however, has not been completely evaluated. We introduced B-DOMP therapy, which is used in our hospital, for RAEB. B-DOMP therapy includes Behenoyl ara-C, daunomycin, oncovin, 6-MP and prednisolone, which achieved approximately 80% of complete remission of ANLL for adults. Five males and one female of RAEB, aged 40-74 (median 70), were treated by B-DOMP regimen. Two cases achieved complete remission, 2 remained in partial remission and 2 cases died within one month. In three cases, the cause of death was fungal pneumonia. It must be stressed that life-threatening pneumonia was common after chemo therapy for RAEB, and careful protection against fungal infection using laminarair flow is required.
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PMID:[Intensive chemotherapy of refractory anemia with excess of blasts]. 338 97

A 48-year-old man developed refractory anemia with excess of blasts in transformation. Complete response was achieved by low-dose ara-C therapy, but he relapsed 15 months later, with pancytopenia and 13.0% myeloblasts in normocellular marrow. He was treated unsuccessfully with prednisolone, metenolone, and 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 for 8 weeks. He then developed life-threatening pneumonia and was treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF Filgrastim; 125 micrograms/day s.c.). The pneumonia resolved and, interestingly, he achieved a partial response, with normal blood cell counts and only a few dysmyelopoietic cells in the marrow. However, thrombocytopenia progressed when rhG-CSF administration was tapered. When the dose was increased again, leukemic blasts were found to proliferate. When rhG-CSF was discontinued, blasts rapidly decreased in the peripheral blood. Chromosomal analysis revealed a complex abnormality during the first relapse, a normal 46,XY karyotype during the partial response, and recurrence of the same complex abnormality during leukemic transformation. The stimulation index of marrow mononuclear cells cultured with rhG-CSF increased with disease progression. These findings suggest that rhG-CSF initially stimulated the selective proliferation of normal hemopoietic cells, but the evolution or selection of a leukemic clone responsive to rhG-CSF appears to have occurred subsequently.
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PMID:Sequential promotion of normal and leukemic hemopoiesis by recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor during the course of myelodysplastic syndrome. 751 33

PML affects 4% of patients with AIDS and there is no effective treatment. Five cases of PML-AIDS have been described, showing clinical and radiological improvement after treatment with C-ara. We describe the case of a 33-year-old woman, addict to heroin, her clinical record including VIH infection, pneumonia by P. carinii, milliary tuberculosis, infection by virus B and C and treatment with AZT and tuberculostatics since January, 1992. In May, she began to develop a cerebellar syndrome. Images obtained with nuclear magnetic resonance were typical of PML. Subsequently, treatment with C-ara (2 mg/kg/day IV during 5 days each 4-6 weeks) was begun. From the third month of treatment on, the patient showed a clinical improvement and as of the sixth month, the affected areas of white substance were reduced in size. In addition, CD4 improved. Although in this patient a positive effect was observed after treatment with C-area, it should be verified in a controlled clinical trial.
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PMID:[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and AIDS. Response to cytarabine]. 806 Nov 41

Topotecan is a topoisomerase I inhibitor with significant activity in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. Pre-clinical data suggest a synergistic activity with DNA damaging agents such as cyclophosphamide, where topotecan might prevent the repair of cyclophosphamide-induced DNA damage. We thus designed a combination including cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 every 12 hours given on days 1 to 3; topotecan 1.25 mg/m2/day by continuous infusion on days 2 to 6, and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) 2 g/m2 over 4 hours daily for 5 days on days 2 to 6 (CAT). Sixty six (63 evaluable) patients were treated. Fifty two patients had refractory (n=12) or relapsed (n=40) acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), and eleven had acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) (refractory n=3, relapsed n=8); their median age was 57 years (range, 18 to 79 years). Eleven patients (17%) achieved a complete remission (CR), and two patients (3%) had a hematologic improvement (HI; met all criteria for CR except for platelets < 100x10(9)/L), for an overall response rate of 20%. Responses occurred in 12 of 52 AML patients (23%), including 10 CR (19%) and 2 HI (4%), and in 1 of 11 patients with ALL (9%). Myelosuppression was universal; there were 23 episodes of pneumonia or sepsis and 18 episodes of fever of unknown origin complicating 74 courses of CAT. Non-hematologic toxicity was mostly gastrointestinal, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and mucositis, but was severe in only 8%. In summary, the CAT regimen is well tolerated and has significant anti-leukemia activity which warrants further investigation.
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PMID:Cyclophosphamide, ara-C and topotecan (CAT) for patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia. 1078 92