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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Between 1980 and 1989 the Children's Hospital of Antwerp admitted 954 children with signs of intoxication. In 83 cases (9%) these were due to ingestion of hydrocarbons, 17 of these 83 children (21%) had chemical pneumonia. The most frequent chemicals were turpentine, petrol and lamp oil. The main symptoms were vomiting, skin rash, coughing and fever accompanied by an infectious blood count. Roentgen abnormalities in this group were less frequent than reported in the literature. A chest X-ray immediately after admission does not always provide information about pneumonia because abnormalities may already be present, e.g. due to an acute lung condition; nevertheless it is necessary for further study, if any. An X-ray after 24 hours is indispensable to confirm or exclude chemical pneumonia. As regards treatment, only supportive therapy is possible. Pulmonary function studies after a few weeks may be useful. A survey is presented of the epidemiology, clinical findings, diagnostics, pathophysiology, symptomatic therapy, prevention and prognosis.
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PMID:[Chemical pneumonia in children]. 233 21

Data on 288 cataract patients were collected with respect to sex, age, disease status, drug intake, and blood chemistry. Eight different types of lens opacities could be discriminated using slit-lamp examination, Scheimpflug photography of the anterior eye segment, and microdensitometric image analysis of the film negatives. The statistical method of fitting log linear models was used to investigate the association between cataract morphology and other variables. The following variables were shown to be important and to contribute independently to the differentiation of cataract types: cholelithiasis, pneumonia, heart insufficiency, allergy, and age.
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PMID:Cataract epidemiological study: correlation of cataract morphology with health status. 360 60

A 30 year old man developed lipoid pneumonia after an injection of lamp oil. In addition to "foamy" alveolar macrophages, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid analysis showed an increased number of neutrophils. Moreover, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and alkaline phosphatase activities were elevated. The increase seen in LDH activity both in serum and BAL fluid was accompanied by shifts in the isoenzyme pattern in similar directions for both fluids. These findings suggest a pulmonary source for the temporary serum as well as BAL fluid LDH increase. This case indicates the usefulness of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis as a probe to detect pulmonary injury caused by a pneumotoxicant and, probably, to monitor recovery or deterioration.
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PMID:BAL fluid LDH activity and LDH isoenzyme pattern in lipoid pneumonia caused by an intravenous injection of lamp oil. 894 93

A male infant aged one year and nine months was found dead on a bed after admission to hospital with suspected pneumonia. The patient apparently put an uncovered oval shaped lamp switch (pendant switch) into his mouth and died of electric shock after contacting the exposed wires of the switch (100 V, 60 Hz alternating current). There were extensive first- to fourth-degree burns on the inner surface of the both lips. Because the histological findings were consistent with electric burns and the burns showed vital reactions, electric shock was judged to be the cause of death. The pendant switch is normally a very convenient piece of bedside equipment for inpatients. However, when the patient is an infant who naturally puts all the objects into the mouth, such a switch should be placed out of reach, and it should be certain that the cap is not loose.
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PMID:An electrocution death of an infant who had received an electric shock from an uncovered oval shaped lamp switch in his mouth while in a hospital. 937 58

Report of accidental ingestion and aspiration of lamp oil of a boy aged 16 months. He develops in a few hours a severe pneumonitis with tachycardia. Echocardiography shows diminished contractability. After losing his symptoms, the chest x-rays on the 13th day show bilateral pneumatoceles. The course remains asymptomatic and radiographs taken 15.5 weeks after the accident show replacement by scars. Usually the prognosis is good. Indication for invasive treatment is given when cardiorespiratory insufficiency or a rupture into the pleura space are seen.
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PMID:[Pneumatocele after hydrocarbon aspiration]. 987

Accidental ingestion and aspiration of hydrocarbons in children are common. Among the various clinical and pathological manifestations of hydrocarbon (HC) poisoning, pneumonitis is the most significant and occurs in up to 40% of children, whereas formation of pneumatoceles is believed to be a rare event. We report two children with HC pneumonitis and pneumatoceles as a reversible complication after ingestion and aspiration of lamp oil with very low viscosity. Patient 1, a 21-month-old boy, started to cough and developed tachypnea, sternal retractions and mild cyanosis immediately after aspiration. Patient 2, a 24-month-old girl, was asymptomatic during the first days after the accident; subsequently, she started to cough and developed fever, dyspnea and chest pain. Chest x-ray and computed tomography revealed multiple patchy infiltrates in both cases; after several days, these confluent infiltrates developed into pneumatoceles. Both children were treated with antibiotics and steroids. They recovered within three and four weeks, respectively, with complete remission of the radiologic abnormalities and had an uneventful follow-up after discharge.
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PMID:Pneumonitis and pneumatoceles following accidental hydrocarbon aspiration in children. 1584 96

Low viscosity, low surface tension and low volatility are features of lamp oils contributing to chemical pneumonia that can occur after ingestion. Because lamp oils with such physico-chemical properties have been forbidden in the European Community from July 2000 onward, industry has developed different products, mostly based upon rapeseed oil. The fatty acids of these oils are methylated. The goal of this study is to demonstrate whether methanol is released in Wistar rats after oral administration of these new lamp oils. Applying a dose of 1 ml/kg body weight lamp oil, peak levels of methanol were reached at 1 h (54.6 +/- 18.6 microg/ml), methanol was not detectable at 8 h. After the instillation of 4 ml/kg of lamp oil peak levels occurred at 2 h (189.2 +/- 24.9 microg/ml). The metabolite formate increased with time, and was highest at 8 h after the administration of 1 ml/kg body weight lamp oil (32.9 +/- 2.9 microg/ml). Starvation before the administration of 1 ml/kg body weight lamp oil decreased the methanol serum concentrations, but the differences were not significant. Based upon these experimental data in rats, it can be concluded that in humans small amounts of methanol will be released after ingestion of these lamp oils. As these products are mainly ingested accidentally by toddlers in low quantities, the risk of a methanol intoxication seems to be very low.
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PMID:Formation of methanol and formate in Wistar rats after oral administration of methylated rapeseed oil: a fuel for lamps. 1745 91

Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) should be suspected in patients who present with visual symptoms such as rapid unexplained visual loss and seeing shimmering lights, with an abnormal ERG. Electronegative ERG responses are not exclusive to melanoma-associated retinopathy (MAR) but may be seen in CAR as well. We describe a patient with CAR who presented with an electronegative ERG. A 67-year old woman, who presented with complaints of seeing shimmering lights, underwent an extensive ophthalmological and electrophysiological examination. Best-corrected visual acuity was 7/10 in the right and 9/10 in the left eye. Goldmann visual fields showed relative central scotomata and concentric narrowing. Slit-lamp and fundus examination were normal as was fluorescein angiography. Rod-specific ERG responses were severely reduced, with electronegative maximal combined rod-cone responses and delayed cone-responses with normal amplitudes. Melanoma-associated retinopathy was suspected. Extensive dermatological and internal evaluation eventually revealed an oat-cell carcinoma in the right lung. The patient died of pneumonia 2 years after presentation.
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PMID:Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) with electronegative ERG: a case report. 1772 92

A 20-months-old girl developed a cough and became drowsy after drinking lamp oil. In the Emergency Ward, her oxygen saturation was 85%. The day after admission to hospital she showed a clinical and radiological picture of chemical pneumonia. After 3 days the patient could be discharged in good condition. The most important symptoms after the ingestion of hydrocarbon compounds such as lamp oil are respiratory problems due to aspiration and effects on the central nervous system following gastrointestinal absorption. Severe symptoms can develop in a short period of time. The treatment is supportive. The prognosis is favourable.
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PMID:[Chemical pneumonia following ingestion of lamp oil]. 1787 42

Liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum are widely used in industry and in households. Aspiration of massive amounts may lead to an acute and fatal form of exogenous lipoid pneumonia (fire-eater's pneumonia). We present a rare case of chemical pneumonitis following accidental lamp oil aspiration characterized by pneumatocele formation and spontaneous resolution. Initial findings on posteroanterior chest radiographs were smoothly circumscribed lower zone masses with and without air-fluid levels. Chest computed tomography also showed multiple thin-walled cavities with and without air-fluid levels. Complete resolution of findings despite initial severe presentation without corticosteroid or antibiotic treatment is noteworthy.
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PMID:Fire-eater's pneumonia characterized by pneumatocele formation and spontaneous resolution. 2589 80


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