Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The uptake of Tc-99m hexakis 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) was evaluated in 18 patients with various lung or mediastinal lesions by SPECT. The patients consisted of seven with lung cancers, three with lung cancers who were treated with chemotherapy and were disease free, and one each with malignant lymphoma, esophageal cancer, thyroid cancer involving the mediastinum, malignant thymoma, pneumonia, granuloma, sarcoidosis and neurinoma. SPECT imaging (30 min, 600 MBq) was performed after intravenous injection. Strong uptake of 99mTc-MIBI was noted in all malignant tumors except malignant lymphoma. The mean tumor to normal lung tissue uptake ratio (T/N ratio) was 2.26. The mean in lung cancer was 2.31. Slight accumulation was present in pneumonia and granuloma (mean T/N = 1.24). No accumulation was present in a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and neurinoma. Moderate uptake was noted in one case of sarcoidosis (T/N = 1.46). No abnormal accumulation of 99mTc-MIBI was seen in post-therapeutic lung cancer. These results suggested that 99mTc-MIBI SPECT could be useful in differentiating between malignant and benign lesions.
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PMID:[Uptake of Tc-99m hexakis 2-methoxy isobutyl isonitrile in lung or mediastinal lesions by SPECT]. 763 55

Simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (STLV-1), a type C retrovirus associated with leukemia/lymphoma in Old World monkeys, is closely related to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, the etiologic agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in humans. In a colony of 3200 baboons, the prevalence of antibodies to STLV-1 is more than 40%. Seropositivity is more frequent in female baboons than in males and increases with age. Of 27 STLV-1 antibody-positive baboons with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 20 were females and 7 were males, ranging in age from 3 to 21 years (mean, 13 years). Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was not found in STLV-1 antibody-negative baboons. Clinical signs and laboratory findings were variable but generally included lethargy, low body weights, anemia, dyspnea, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, pneumonia, nodular skin lesions, and leukemia with or without multilobulated lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Radiography revealed pulmonary infiltrates consistent with pneumonia in 17 of the baboons. Serum chemical values were normal except for hypercalcemia in one baboon. Lymphocytosis was found in 18 of the baboons, with leukemia diagnosed in 11. At necropsy, variable enlargement of lymph nodes and other lymphopoietic tissue was usually found. Pale tan to white space-occupying foci typical of proliferative lymphoid tissue were often found in various organs, including lungs, spleens, livers, skin, and hearts. The lungs in 14 baboons had thickened pleuras, congestion,edema, and large tan to brown areas of consolidation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Spontaneously generated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in twenty-seven simian T-cell leukemia virus type 1 antibody-positive baboons (Papio species). 790 50

Based on our prior data suggesting a therapeutic advantage for infusional administration of cyclophosphamide (C), doxorubicin (D), and etoposide (E) in patients with relapsed and resistant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), we administered C (750 mg/m2), D (50 mg/m2), and E (240 mg/m2) via continuous intravenous infusion over 96 hours as first line therapy for 21 patients with intermediate- or high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Treatment was repeated every 28 or more days. The median CD4 count of the study group was 87/ul, and the median serum lactate dehydrogenase was 383 IU/L. Extranodal disease, lymphomatous marrow involvement, and lymphomatous meningitis were present at diagnosis in 90%, 33%, and 10% of patients, respectively. Complete response (CR) occurred in 13 patients (62%, 95% confidence intervals 41%, 81%) and partial response occurred in five patients (24%). The estimated median survival of the study group was 18.0 months. Hematologic toxicity required dose reduction for 47% of cycles and for 79% of patients who received at least two cycles. The mean dose intensity for C, D, and E were 73%, 70%, and 73% of the intended dose intensity, respectively. Opportunistic infection included oral/esophageal candidiasis (N = 7), herpes labialis (N = 3), pulmonary Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (N = 1), candidemia (N = 1), pneumonitis (N = 1), and disseminated aspergillosis than resulted in a single treatment-related death (5%). Treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the CD4+ lymphocytes, as well as total lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and CD8+ lymphocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Infusional cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and etoposide in HIV-related non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a follow-up report of a highly active regimen. 795 Sep 15

We describe a patient with rapidly progressive pneumonia and a high level of serum lactate dehydrogenase, in whom postmortem study revealed the presence of a diffuse, small and large-cell multicentric non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, together with an invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Aspergillosis is rare as a presenting feature of a lymphoproliferative disease; only one previous case has been reported to the best of our knowledge. Invasive aspergillosis and lymphoma should be considered in patients presenting with pneumonia and high level of lactate dehydrogenase.
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PMID:Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis: a rare presentation of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 802 72

Arbekacin (ABK) was administered to 17 patients with MRSA infections that complicated underlying hematopoietic disorders, and the efficacy and safety were evaluated. The underlying diseases included acute myelocytic leukemia (8 cases), acute lymphocytic leukemia (1) myelodysplastic syndrome (3), chronic myelocytic leukemia (1), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (2), Hodgkin's disease (1) and adult T cell leukemia (1). The infections consisted of septicemia (5 cases), pneumonia (4), upper respiratory tract infections (6) and urinary tract infections (2). ABK was administered by i.v. drip infusion in daily doses of 150-200 mg, given in two divided dosages. The therapeutic efficacies were: excellent in 2 (2 septicemias), good in 7 (1 septicemia, 4 upper respiratory infections, 2 urinary tract infections), fair in 2 (septicemia and pneumonia) and poor in 6 (1 septicemia, 3 pneumonias, 2 upper respiratory infections). As a side effect, reversible renal dysfunction was detected in four cases. Causative bacteria were isolated from six cases. They were all coagulase type II and MIC's of ABK were from 0.25 microgram/ml to 4.0 micrograms/ml. Arbekacin therapy was found to be effective even in patients with hematopoietic disorders accompanied by MRSA infections.
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PMID:[Clinical efficacy of arbekacin on MRSA infections with hematopoietic disorders. The Hanshin Study Group of Hematopoietic Disorders and Infections]. 807 85

Recently, the progress of chemotherapy has improved the clinical outcome of chemotherapy for hematopoietic malignancies considerably. However, the incidence of MRSA infections has increased in patients with hematopoietic malignancies, since preventive, multi-drug administration of antibiotics is frequently used in these patients. Moreover, patients with hematopoietic malignancies complicated by MRSA pneumonia have a poor prognosis. We examined lymphocyte subpopulations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in MRSA pneumonia-complicated patients with hematopoietic malignancies and studied their relationship with the clinical features. We also discuss the cause of their poor prognosis. Of 223 patients with hematopoietic malignancies, 18 (8.1%) were complicated by MRSA pneumonia. Many of those patients had lymphoid malignancies. MRSA pneumonia occurred when neutrophil count was decreased. Most patients had been treated with chemotherapy containing anticancer drugs or with corticosteroid therapy. They had also been treated with third generation cefem antibiotics. We studied lymphocyte subsets in BALF in MRSA pneumonia-complicated patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and observed the local changes of the pulmonary immunological system due to NHL itself and due to anti-lymphoma chemotherapy. Our findings suggest the possibility that these immunological changes may play a role in the susceptibility to MRSA pneumonia.
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PMID:[Studies on MRSA pneumonia as a complication of hematopoietic malignancies]. 811 69

While at the start of the AIDS epidemic, corticosteroids were considered to be contraindicated, about 10 indications have since been identified for the specific use of glucocorticoids in HIV infection. Some of these indications have already been confirmed in controlled scientific studies, for example, pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or HIV-induced high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. In the case of other indications, for example, cerebral toxoplasmosis or certain forms of the wasting syndrome, clinical observational studies and, in particular, empirical data provided by large groups working on AIDS, are available. The use of corticoids for such other indications as pulmonary involvement in the case of Kaposi's sarcoma, or thrombopenia in HIV patients, is still experimental. To date, the initially feared high rate of side effects due to the theoretically possible impairment of immunological function, has not been observed. The effect of the corticosteroids appears to be concentrated more in their anti-inflammatory action than in substitution in the event of adrenal insufficiency. The carefully considered and selective use of corticosteroids can both improve the quality of life and lengthen the life expectancy of many HIV victims.
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PMID:[Adjuvant corticoid administration within the scope of HIV disease. Indications in wasting syndrome and other diseases within the scope of AIDS]. 817 98

High-dose ACNU followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation was administered alone or together with other agents such as cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, carboquone or/and VP-16. The starting dose of ACNU was 200 mg/m2, with gradual escalation up to 400 mg/m2. Median duration of granulocytes of less than 100/mm3 and platelets of less than 30,000/mm3 was 4.5 days (range; 0-9) and 10.5 days (range; 0-43), respectively. Bacteremia occurred in 4 cases, but no case of pneumonia was encountered. Heart failure possibly due to the cyclophosphamide was noted in one case with arrhythmia. Out of 13 cases with measurable diseases, three patients with Hodgkin's disease, two patients with diffuse lymphoma, and one patient with follicular lymphoma attained a complete response. Partial response was obtained in two patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Two patients with melanoma and one with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia without measurable disease still remain disease-free.
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PMID:[Intensive 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3- nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) and cryopreserved autologous bone marrow transplantation]. 821 73

We analysed problems on the front line of the AIDS medicine through our experience of a with hemophilia A, who had HIV infection developed to ARC and the AIDS and in addition, had non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in his rectum and died of pneumonitis caused by pneumocystis carinii. We have learned from the poll on medical worker's recognition of the disease through the experience of this case that the nurses who were concerned with the care of this patient did not have opinions against acceptance of patients with AIDS, although they have a fear, from the professional point of view, to a possibility of infection of the virus from patients with AIDS. What should be done in the practical part of the AIDS medicine are (1) a repetitive education of accurate knowledge of the disease, (2) completion of practical guide lines for medical care of patients with AIDS and (3) legal establishment of an insurance system for accidental infections of HIV to medical or paramedical staffs.
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PMID:[Issues in the AIDS medicine based on the analysis of medical worker's recognition of the disease]. 822 68

A 59-year-old male, who was treated with artificial pneumothorax for pulmonary tuberculosis 42 years previously, presented with a painful mass in the left lateral chest wall and lymph node swelling in the left neck. A chest CT-scan revealed a tumor shadow extending from the outer chest wall to the pleural cavity containing pus surrounded by calcified pleura. 67Ga scintigraphy showed accumulation of the radionuclide in the left lateral chest and left neck. Biopsy specimen obtained from both the chest tumor and cervical lymph node revealed diffuse large cell lymphoma. Immunostaining failed to demonstrate CD1, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD13, CD20, immunoglobulin, alpha, gamma, mu, delta, kappa and lambda chains, indicating null cell characteristics. Chemotherapy consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisolone and bleomycin and irradiation resulted in a temporary decrease of the tumor and lymph nodes, but the patient died of pneumonia 14 months after the onset of disease. Since the levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase and immunosuppressive acidic protein varied in parallel to the disease activity, they appeared to be useful for the assessment of therapeutic effects during the clinical course. Approximately 100 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma developing after tuberculous pyothorax have been reported in this country, among which the incidence of null cell type is exceedingly rare.
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PMID:[Null-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting with a mass in the chest wall after tuberculous pyothorax]. 829 30


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