Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eosinophils are components of inflammatory responses to a variety of pathogens. Although a variety of beneficial and harmful functions have been ascribed to these cells, their role in protection against infectious agents remains uncertain. Previous studies have reported eosinophilic pneumonia in mice infected intratracheally with Cryptococcus neoformans. We confirmed this observation and studied the inflammatory response in the lung at day 14 by light and electron microscopy. Immunostaining for glucuronoxylomannan showed isolated cryptococci inside the eosinophilic cuffs. Eosinophils were found to be in close association with C. neoformans in vivo. Cryptococci were associated with eosinophils within eosinophilic perivascular cuffs, within granulomas, and lining the alveolar space. To further investigate this phenomenon in vitro, we isolated rat peritoneal eosinophils and studied cryptococcus-eosinophil interactions in the presence and absence of anti-capsular immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgE monoclonal antibody (MAb). Eosinophils phagocytosed C. neoformans only in the presence of specific antibody. Phagocytosis was rapid, and dense rings that appeared to consist of granule contents were formed around the organisms. Mast cells were observed to occasionally phagocytose C. neoformans in vitro in the presence of IgE MAb. Our observations suggest that eosinophils may be effector cells against C. neoformans.
 ...
PMID:Eosinophil-Cryptococcus neoformans interactions in vivo and in vitro. 912 78

Mucous membrane of the bronchi, antral zone of the stomach and duodenum were studied histologically, morphometrically, immunohistochemically and bacterioscopically in 47 children of 5 to 14 years of age with bronchial asthma (16 patients), obstructive bronchitis (12 patients), chronic pneumonia or chronic nonspecific bronchitis (19 patients). All these children had also gastroduodenitis. There was an increase of local production of IgE and enhanced degranulation of mast cells in bronchial mucosa and gastroduodenal zone in children with bronchial asthma and obstructive bronchitis. The proportion of CD4+/CD8+ decreased to 0.92 in bronchial asthma. Gastritis was associated much more frequently with Helicobacter pylori in children with chronic obstructive bronchitis and bronchial asthma.
 ...
PMID:[The immunomorphology of the mucosa of the bronchi and gastroduodenal zone in children with combined disease of the bronchi and gastrointestinal tract]. 913 85

The patient was a 45-year-old woman in whom a chest X-ray film obtained on admission showed bilateral infiltrative shadows. A chest CT scan revealed areas of consolidation and ground-glass opacities. Examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed many eosinophils, and specimens obtained by transbronchial lung biopsy showed thickened alveolar septa with infiltration of eosinophils. The numbers of eosinophils and the level of IgE in blood were low. The radiographic appearance improved after administration of suplatast tosilate. The level of interleukin 5 was high both in plasma and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid before treatment, but the level of IL-5 in plasma was low after suplatast tosilate was given. Suplatast tosilate, which suppresses the production of cytokines, may be useful in patients with chronic eosinophilic pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia successfully treated with suplatast tosilate]. 929 7

Immunologic lung disorders are accompanied by an array of laboratory abnormalities, some of which contribute to disease pathogenesis. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, which complicates asthma and cystic fibrosis, causes mucous plugging of airways, eosinophilic pneumonia, and bronchiolitis obliterans. Aspergillus fumigatus, growing saprophytically in bronchial mucus, is responsible for most cases, and prednisone, not antifungal agents, is the drug of choice because it controls the immunologic responses of the lung. In cystic fibrosis, epithelial surface fluid from the lung does not kill Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in part because antibodies to P aeruginosa are plentiful but ineffective in opsonizing bacteria. Neutrophil-derived elastase cleaves immunoglobulins and digests the C3b receptor on neutrophils, which limits phagocytosis of pathogens. In helminth infections and infestations, pulmonary and peripheral blood eosinophilia can be accompanied by increases in total and antiparasite IgE concentrations and generate T(H)2 CD4+ T-lymphocyte responses. Understanding the immunologic abnormalities of lung disorders may lead to more effective therapies.
 ...
PMID:Immunologic aspects of lung diseases and cystic fibrosis. 939 54

A 45-year-old man, who had eaten fried fresh water crabs (Geothelphusa dehaani), was admitted to our hospital because of productive cough and bloodysputum. Blood chemistry showed increased levels of white blood cells and C-reactive protein, but peripheral blood eosinophil counts and serum IgE values were not elevated. Chest roentgenogram and chest computed tomographic scan revealed infiltration of the right middle and left upper lung fields. He was diagnosed as having pneumonia, but his symptoms and radiological examination findings did not improve with antibiotics. The diagnosis of paragonimiasis was confirmed by immunoserological examination and detection of ova in sputum, stool and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples. Transbronchial lung biopsy showed infiltration and degranulation of eosinophils. The patient was treated with praziquantel for 3 days at a daily dosage of 75 mg/kg. After uneventful completion of treatment all clinical symptoms and radiological abnormalities disappeared. This is the first case in which ova of paragonimiasis westermani were identified in Nagano prefecture.
 ...
PMID:[A case of paragonimiasis westermani]. 980 15

A 13-year-old girl presented with multiple skin abscesses. She was diagnosed as having juvenile dermatomyositis (DM) at the age of 7 years. She had suffered from recurrent skin infections, atypical pruritic dermatitis and pneumonia since the age of 8 years. Bacteriologic and fungal cultures for skin abscesses and oral mucosa were positive S. aureus and C. albicans, respectively. Chemotactic defect in peripheral blood neutrophils was observed. The level of serum IgE was markedly elevated, and anti-S.aureus specific IgE was found. A diagnosis of hyperimmunoglobulin E-recurrent infection syndrome (HIE) was made and she was successfully treated with surgical drainage and antibiotics. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of HIE in a patient with juvenile dermatomyositis.
 ...
PMID:Hyperimmunoglobulin E-recurrent infection syndrome in a patient with juvenile dermatomyositis. 1006 22

The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of dermo-respiratory symptoms from lung-function spirometer values and serum IgE levels in farmers who have been exposed to pesticides in the United Arab Emirates (E.A.U.). The study was a comparison of 98 farmers with 98 non-farmers, the two groups were equivalent in age, sex and selected regions--the town of Al-Ain and in the Emirates of Dubai, Sharjah and Fujairah. Most of the farmers were illiterate or poorly educated (p < 0.0001). Most lived in prefabricated houses (50.5%). Use of chemical substances (70.9%) and a mixture of pesticides by the farmers (60.2%) was very high. The results revealed that the farmers had a very high prevalence of chronic dermo-respiratory symptoms. These differences are statistically significant when compared with the reference group, particularly for the following symptoms: cough (p < 0.003), pharyngitis (p < 0.0003), bronchitis (p < 0.02), asthma (p < 0.008), respiratory insufficiency (p < 0.006), pneumonia (p < 0.003), dyspnea (p < 0.006), nasal catarrh (p < 0.001), sinusitis (p < 0.05), pharyngeal irritation (p < 0.01), nasal irritation (dryness, sneezing and secretions) (p < 0.005), ocular irritation (p < 0.05), cutaneous pruritus (p < 0.002), and contact dermatitis (p < 0.02). The spirometer tests (all parameters together) measured in the farmers were significantly reduced by comparison with the reference group. In conclusion, the authors suggest that a high prevalence of dermo-respiratory symptoms, supported by reduced spirometer tests and high serum IgE, is associated with exposure to pesticides. These results are clearly useful for establishment of work-related reduced exposure in the future.
 ...
PMID:Respiratory symptoms, skin disorders and serum IgE levels in farm workers. 1021 28

The hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) is a rare primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent skin abscesses, pneumonia, and highly elevated levels of serum IgE. HIES is now recognized as a multisystem disorder, with nonimmunologic abnormalities of the dentition, bones, and connective tissue. HIES can be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait with variable expressivity. Nineteen kindreds with multiple cases of HIES were scored for clinical and laboratory findings and were genotyped with polymorphic markers in a candidate region on human chromosome 4. Linkage analysis showed a maximum two-point LOD score of 3.61 at recombination fraction of 0 with marker D4S428. Multipoint analysis and simulation testing confirmed that the proximal 4q region contains a disease locus for HIES.
 ...
PMID:Genetic linkage of hyper-IgE syndrome to chromosome 4. 1044 80

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) is a disorder, characterized by a history of pneumonia (> 2 months) and eosinophilic pulmonary infiltration without any organic causes. We describe a 28-year-old woman who presented with cough, dyspnea and fever for 2 months. She was diagnosed with mild asthma and allergic rhinitis 2 years before being diagnosed with CEP. For a period of 9 months she took no medication. Her chest roentgenogram at this admission revealed patchy infiltration in both upper lung fields. Laboratory data revealed blood eosinophilia (4,284/mm3), and her serum IgE was mildly elevated (245.8 IU/ml). A computerized tomography of the chest did not show bronchiectasis. CEP was diagnosed from significant eosinophilia in bronchoalveolar larvage fluid and transbronchial biopsy revealed eosinophilic infiltration without any demonstrable infectious agent. The patient was treated with prednisolone 45 mg/day. Her symptoms disappeared and her chest roentgenogram showed nearly complete resolution in 2 and 4 days, consecutively.
 ...
PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a case report. 1099 53

Job's syndrome (or hyperimmunoglobulinemia E syndrome) is a rare genetic disease characterized by skin eczema, pyogenic "cold" abscesses, sinopulmonary recidivous infections and high IgE plasma concentrations. Job's syndrome treatment is not satisfactory and cases studied are still limited. To describe the effects of IVIG therapy in a 37-year-old woman with hyper IgE syndrome and pneumonia. We measured IgE serum by immuno-fluorometric test and neutrophil chemotaxis by migration in a Boyden chamber before and after IVIG therapy. A moderate dose of IVIG resolved the clinical-radiological signs of the S. aureus bronchopneumonia and improved cytologic and biohumoral parameters. Intravenous immunoglobulins represent a useful treatment for acute pneumonia in Job's syndrome.
 ...
PMID:Moderate-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment of Job's syndrome. Case report. 1108 45


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>