Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of productive cough, dyspnea and stridor. Chest X-ray disclosed overinflation with micronodular infiltrates. Blood examination showed mild eosinophilia and IgE elevation. Pulmonary function test disclosed severe airway obstruction and diffusion capacity impairment. Although clinical improvement was achieved after bronchodilator therapy, laboratory abnormalities continued. Open lung biopsy demonstrated mononuclear cellular and eosinophilic infiltration at alveolar lumen and vessel walls without prominent fibrosis, which was compatible for prolonged eosinophilic pneumonia. From above findings, this case was thought as a prolonged eosinophilic pneumonia combined with pulmonary emphysema and bronchial asthma.
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PMID:[A case of prolonged eosinophilic pneumonia with pulmonary emphysema and bronchial asthma diagnosed by open lung biopsy]. 175 22

The autopsy material of 15 children aged from 2 months to 3 years from the zonal group of increased risk of the ecologic pathology, acquired immunodeficiency and viral infections was assessed morphologically and clinically. Decreased number of T-cells (T4, T8), an increase of the level of serum IgA, IgE and immune complexes, HIV-antibodies (4 cases) were found in the patients. The method of the molecular hybridization by means of virus-specific 32P-DNA probes was used. Bronchopneumonia was the cause of death. Severe deficiency of the organs and cells of the immune system, alternative-proliferative lung inflammation, mainly in the form of pneumonitis and alveolitis, were found. The latter differed either individually or as a result of the predominant infectious agent (RNA- or DNA-viruses, pneumocysts, bacterial flora, fungi). Considerable immunity dysfunctions enhanced the intensity of the specific features in pneumonia morphology.
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PMID:[Intrauterine and postnatal pneumonia in acquired immunodeficiency of infants]. 180 64

Twelve cases of drug-induced pneumonitis were clinically investigated. Treatment of antimicrobial agents in 8 cases of drug-induced pneumonitis ranged from 7-21 days (mean 12 days) and that of other drugs in 4 cases from 18-150 days (mean 70 days). The patients developed fever and dyspnea at a high rate of frequency. Abnormal laboratory findings included increased IgE (44%), eosinophilia (36%), and increased GOT and GPT in 33%. Chest X-ray films revealed a large reticulo-nodular or ground glass shadows in both lung fields. The results of lymphocyte stimulation tests were positive in 5 of 11 cases (45%). Eight cases demonstrated a rapid improvement by discontinuation of the drug and corticosteroid was administered in 4 cases. The drug received by the patient and their known risk of pulmonary toxicity should be kept in mind in order to reach a diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis and grasp the clinical picture of this disease. A provocation test is potentially dangerous, therefore it should not be carried out lightly.
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PMID:[A clinical study of twelve cases of drug-induced pneumonitis]. 191 Jan 21

The study comprised 40 children of both sexes aged from 2 to 12 years, 22 suffering from bronchial asthma and 18 suffering from atopic dermatitis. Twenty healthy children of comparable age and sex to the patients were studied as controls. All the children were subjected to full history including dietetic questionnaire, thorough examination, and to estimation of serum IgE, serum ceruloplasmin, and zinc and copper levels in both serum and hairs. The mean concentrations of zinc in serum and hairs were respectively 70.3 +/- 13.2 micrograms/100 ml and 167.5 +/- 23.0 micrograms/gm in asthmatic cases and 65.9 +/- 11.7 micrograms/100 ml and 164.8 +/- 23.6 micrograms/gm in those with atopic dermatitis. These levels were significantly (p less than 0.001) decreased in comparison to the control values (88.4 +/- 11.0 micrograms/100 ml and 194.5 +/- 18.6 micrograms/gm). On the other hand, a significant (p less than 0.001) increase in serum and hairs copper was demonstrated in both allergic groups compared to the controls. Mean copper values were respectively 79.5 +/- 8.06 micrograms/100 ml and 18.7 +/- 1.9 micrograms/gm in the asthmatic cases and 81.4 +/- 8.4 micrograms/100 ml and 17.8 +/- 2.08 micrograms/gm in cases with atopic dermatitis. The control mean concentrations were 67.95 +/- 6.37 micrograms/100 ml and 14.5 +/- 2.53 micrograms/gm respectively. Significant (p less than 0.001) higher levels of serum ceruloplasmin were observed in the allergic patients compared to the controls and were correlated with the hypercupremia. The results were discussed and a good dietetic intake of high biological value protein and zinc supplement was recommended to these patients in order to correct their disturbances especially the hypozincemia which could lead to exaggeration of their allergic conditions. The field of trace elements metabolism has grown rapidly over the past few years, particularly after the development of novel techniques as the atomic absorption spectrophotometry which had allowed the reliable measurements of several trace elements in tissues and so had opened a new field for many researches (Henkin, 1976). Zinc and copper are involved in cell and tissue growth. Zinc plays an important role in DNA and protein synthesis and is intimately involved with copper as cofactors in several important enzyme systems. The effects of many pathological conditions as congestive heart failure, pneumonia, rheumatic heart diseases, bronchitis, recurrent infection, hemolytic anemia, psoriasis, and malnutrition on the levels of serum zinc, copper, and other trace elements have been of interest to investigators for a number of years (Sinha and Gabrieli, 1970; David et al., 1984).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Zinc and copper status in children with bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. 213

The occurrence of hemoptysis, dyspnea, and bilateral pulmonary opacities progressed to respiratory failure in a 34-yr-old man. Recovery occurred with corticosteroid therapy. In the absence of evidence for an infectious etiology, the possibility of immunologic trimellitic anhydride (TMA) hemorrhagic pneumonitis was considered when the lung biopsy excluded Goodpasture's and other diseases and because the patient was a spray painter. Serologic evaluation for antibodies against TMA was requested. Because the immunologic studies for TMA were negative, and because the patient was a spray painter, immunoassays for three isocyanates conjugated to human serum albumin (HSA) were carried out although there was no specific history of isocyanate exposure at that time. High levels of IgG and IgE antibodies were detected against hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-HSA and toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-HSA. Further investigation documented exposure to spray paint that contained HDI and another isocyanate. The paint was sprayed on warm metal, and subsequently the worker developed an acute illness. Further plant studies were not possible. We propose that the pathogenesis of this case of hemorrhagic pneumonitis is immunologic because of uncontrolled exposure to HDI and TDI, is analogous to the immunologic hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by TMA, and should be considered as a possible cause of a similar acute lung disease after isocyanate exposure.
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PMID:Immunologic hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by isocyanates. 215 56

The diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonitis is generally difficult, and it is made clinically by Tamura's criteria. We experienced 12 cases (7 definite and 5 possible cases) of antimicrobial drug-induced pneumonitis (one of case was the first case caused by carbapenem). Symptoms such as fever (11/12), cough (10/12) and dyspnea (10/12) and laboratory data such as eosinophilia (7/12), elevation of IgE (4/6) and hypoxia (11/12) were commonly seen in these patients, although they were not specific. Lymphocyte stimulation test (5/11) and provocation test (4/8) were quite suggestive of drug allergy. Bronchoscopy has been used for confirmation of pneumonitis. Transbronchial lung biopsy revealed alveolitis (4/9) or alveolar fibrosis (3/9), and bronchoalveolar lavage showed lymphocytosis (6/6) and depression of OKT4/T8 ratio (3/5). The combination of bronchoscopic and immunological examinations were more confirmative for diagnosis.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of 12 cases of antimicrobial drug-induced pneumonitis. 227 3

A respiratory sample survey of 609 shipyard workers was conducted in 1979: the men were reassessed an average of 7.2 years later. The 53 deaths between the surveys were related to age, level of lung function and smoking but not to trade as a welder or caulker/burner. Of the survivors, 488 (88%) were seen, including 425 men who had retired or been made redundant. Redundancy was related to age, smoking, and respiratory symptoms; the average reduction in duration of employment per symptom was 0.44 years. Changes in respiratory symptoms included onset of chronic bronchitis and wheeze on most days (numbers respectively 77 and 109) and increased breathlessness on exertion (n = 89); significant related factors included smoking, previous metal fume fever or pneumonia, and, for breathlessness, trade as a welder or caulker/burner. Electrocardiographic evidence for myocardial ischaemia was also associated with increased breathlessness. The annual declines in FEV1 and other spirometric indices were related to age, to being a smoker at the time of the initial survey, and to trade as a welder or caulker/burner compared with trades that did not involve welding or burning. There was significant interaction between these effects. In a subsample of 124 redundant workers there was also significant interaction between the effects of fumes and atopy (skin test positive to common antigens) or a raised serum IgE concentration. It was concluded that welding fumes interacted with smoking and an atopic constitution to cause respiratory impairment. The results related mainly to exposures in the past and were not necessarily relevant for present day conditions in the industry.
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PMID:Longitudinal respiratory survey of shipyard workers: effects of trade and atopic status. 231 Jul 20

In this study, IgE-Fc receptor expressions on each type of BAL cells (lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils) in a patients with eosinophilic pneumonia accompanied by bronchial asthma were examined by indirect immunofluorescent method using monoclonal antibody (H107). BAL cell findings showed marked increases of total BAL cell counts and eosinophils, an increased number of lymphocytes and the presence of basophilic cells. These results match those of our previous report. Furthermore, IgE-Fc receptor expressions on lymphocytes, macrophages and eosinophils were markedly increased as compared to those in the peripheral blood and normal control subjects. These findings suggest that IgE production in the lung plays the main role in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic pneumonia and bronchial asthma. On the other hand, during ketotifen administration, decreases of peripheral blood eosinophilia, of eosinophilia in the sputum and of serum IgE level and an improvement in chest X-ray findings were observed. Furthermore not only normalization of total BAL cell counts but also decreases of IgE-Fc receptor expressions on BAL cells were observed.
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PMID:[IgE-Fc receptor expressions on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells in a patient with eosinophilic pneumonia accompanied with bronchial asthma--the effect of ketotifen on their expression]. 252 47

We report our second case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) (Carrington's pneumonia) with elevated serum IgE values and present a review of the literature on this subject. Our present patient, a 55-year-old woman, had classic symptoms of dry cough, weight loss, malaise, dyspnea, night sweats, and fevers. Significant peripheral blood eosinophilia and a right upper lobe infiltrate were present. Glucocorticoid therapy caused prompt resolution of symptoms, as well as disappearance of blood eosinophilia, elevated serum IgE levels, and pulmonary shadowing. The diagnosis of CEP should not be neglected in the classification of the eosinophilic pneumonias with increased serum IgE levels. The increased serum IgE levels, when present in CEP, seem nonspecific and thus may not be useful as a diagnostic adjunct. However, measurement of IgE may be helpful in CEP, as it has been in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, to guide the dosage and duration of corticosteroid therapy.
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PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (Carrington's) with increased serum IgE levels. A distinct subset? 305 73

Plasma IgE levels were measured in 214 samples from 182 Peruvian patients with acute measles virus infections. Plasma IgE levels were significantly elevated early in infection compared to later time points. Plasma levels of IgG from the same patients rose during the same time period, whereas levels of IgA and IgM did not change. In patients with postmeasles encephalomyelitis, IgE remained elevated longer than it did in patients either with uncomplicated measles or measles complicated by pneumonia. It is proposed that the elevation of IgE is another manifestation of the altered immunoregulatory function in patients with measles.
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PMID:Changes in plasma IgE levels during complicated and uncomplicated measles virus infections. 316 Jul 58


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