Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chloroxylenol, a phenolic derivative commonly used as a household disinfectant, has similar, although lesser, toxic manifestations in comparison to phenol when ingested. The main objective of this study was to determine if chloroxylenol is nephrotoxic like phenol by studying 121 patients with DETTOL (4.8% chloroxylenol, pine oil, isopropyl alcohol) poisoning. Three patients (2.5%) developed renal impairment as evidenced by raised plasma urea and creatinine concentrations following ingestion of 200 to 500 ml of DETTOL. Two of these patients also had serious complications, including aspiration leading to pneumonia and adult respiratory distress syndrome, from which 1 died. The etiology of the renal impairment is likely a direct toxic effect of chloroxylenol on the kidneys and associated transient hypotension. Fortunately, renal impairment only appears to be a problem when relatively large amounts of DETTOL are ingested.
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PMID:Is chloroxylenol nephrotoxic like phenol? A study of patients with DETTOL poisoning. 806 78

Dettol is involved in 10% of self-poisoning-related hospital admissions in Hong Kong. Although serious poisonings and even deaths after ingesting this common household disinfectant have been reported, the frequency with which these complications may occur is not known. In a retrospective study of 67 cases of Dettol poisoning, we found that serious complications were relatively common (8%) and these included aspiration of Dettol with gastric contents resulting in pneumonia, cardiopulmonary arrest, bronchospasm, adult respiratory distress syndrome, and severe laryngeal oedema with upper airways obstruction. It is particularly important that the airways are adequately protected before the patient is lavaged following Dettol poisoning, and the immediate recognition of any upper airway obstruction requiring intubation will then be life-saving.
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PMID:Serious complications associated with Dettol poisoning. 826 74

1. After ingestion, Dettol liquid (4.8% chloroxylenol, pine oil, isopropyl, alcohol), a common household disinfectant, can cause central nervous system depression and corrosion of the oral mucosa, larynx and the gastrointestinal tract. The main risk from Dettol poisoning is pulmonary aspiration, leading to pneumonia, adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and/or sudden cardiorespiratory arrest. 2. To determine to what extent pulmonary aspiration in Dettol poisoning could be prevented, 13 patients treated in a general teaching hospital in Hong Kong were studied. Their clinical details were compared with those of control Dettol poisoning cases without pulmonary aspiration in order to identify possible risk factors for this complication. 3. At presentation, evidence of pulmonary aspiration was present in eight of the 13 patients prior to gastric emptying, but the use of gastric lavage without adequate protection of the airways could have aggravated the problem in three. In two other patients, evidence of aspiration was only present after gastric lavage was performed. The consequences of pulmonary aspiration were pneumonia (n = 10), ARDS (n = 2), acute exacerbation of asthma or chronic obstructive airway disease (n = 2) and sudden cardiorespiratory arrest (n = 1). Three patients with aspiration pneumonia (n = 2), ARDS (n = 1) and/or sudden cardiorespiratory arrest (n = 1) died. 4. Compared with the controls, the median amount of Dettol ingested was considerably larger (400 vs 150 ml), vomiting (100% vs 72.6%) and drowsiness/ confusion (60.2% vs 19.4%) occurred more often. 5. Amongst the 13 patients with Dettol poisoning and pulmonary aspiration, gastric lavage using the nasogastric tube technique without adequate production of the airways had been responsible for the occurrence or worsening of aspiration in two and three patients, respectively. Thus, gastric lavage particularly when using a nasogastric tube appeared to carry more harm than benefits in patients with Dettol poisoning. If the procedure is considered necessary, say because of the concomitant ingestion of the other poisons, the airways must first be well protected and the oropharyngeal aspiration and lavage technique using a wide bore Jacques tube is recommended. 6. Comparison with a control group has identified other risk factors for pulmonary aspiration: the amount of Dettol ingested, the occurrence of vomiting, drowsiness or confusion.
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PMID:Pulmonary aspiration following Dettol poisoning: the scope for prevention. 890 35