Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

One hundred sixty-four patients underwent total gastrectomy with a rho-shaped jejunal food pouch (rho loop) and roux-en-Y jejunojejunostomy. The rate of postoperative complications was very low (9.1 per cent), and the most important problem of anastomotic failure was never encountered. Only 4 of 164 patients (2.4 per cent) died within one month of surgery, and the causes of death were pneumonia (2 patients), cerebral hemorrhage (1), and ileus (1). The function of the newly constructed passage was estimated through an elaborate barium meal examination. The test revealed that the rho-shaped jejunal food pouch has adequate reservoir and mixing functions for ingested foodstuff. No reflux of barium meal into the esophagus was observed during the examination. In a follow-up study of the patients, only a few complained of symptoms of reflux esophagitis or dumping, but none of them needed any treatment.
 ...
PMID:rho-Shaped anastomosis: a reconstruction of the alimentary tract after total gastrectomy. 43 25

Eighty-three infants and children underwent surgical correction of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) from 1973 to 1978. Fifty-four patients had coexistent brain damage (most commonly due to cerebral palsy), eight were previously treated for esophageal atresia, and four had gastroschisis or omphalocele repair. Clinical presentation included failure to thrive in 64 patients, vomiting in 59, and recurrent bouts of aspiration pneumonitis in 43. Barium roentgenography showed GER in 61 patients, whereas additional tests (particularly pH monitoring) were required for detection of GER in 22 patients. After failure of medical management, transabdominal Nissen fundoplication was performed in 80 cases and a Hill repair in three cases. The surgical mortality was zero, but there were five late deaths. Results were considered excellent in 54 patients, good in 22 patients, and poor in seven. Ten of 12 patients with preoperative stricture responded to dilation after fundoplication. Nissen fundoplication was a safe and effective antireflux procedure in 76 of the 83 cases.
 ...
PMID:Gastroesophageal reflux in infants and children. Diagnosis and management. 43 65

Selenium concentrations in the serums of 17 acutely ill Legionnaires' disease patients were significantly lower than in their matching convalescent-phase serums. This trend was not observed in ten similarly paired samples of serum from control patients with pneumonia. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of nickel, copper, bromine, rubidium, lead, barium, or titanium in the serums of Legionnaires' disease and control patients.
 ...
PMID:Legionnaires' disease: concentrations of selenium and other elements. 50 18

Among 34 patients with vascular rings, symptoms of tracheal and esophageal compression or both occurred during the first six months of life in 24 (71%). Diagnosis was made in all cases on either plain x-ray film or esophagogram, and was confirmed by operation or angiogram. Associated defects were numerous, with ventricular septal defect (5) and Down's syndrome (3) most common. Operative intervention was required in 18 cases (53%), including 12 of the 14 double arches. Only one of the ten patients with symptomatic recurrent subclavian artery underwent operation. Fourteen of the 18 patients operated upon had early total relief of symptoms, and 17 had excellent late results. A simple system for describing the embryology of vascular rings is presented, and the embryologic relationship between vascular rings and interrupted aortic arches is described. Because of frequent delay in recognition of vascular rings and other surgically correctable lesions, the work-up of every child with two or more episodes of pneumonia should include barium swallow.
 ...
PMID:The embryology and management of vascular rings. 78 49

The demonstration of an H-type tracheoesophageal fistula before surgical correction is frequently difficult. Currently utilized procedures are so irregularly successful that surgical exploration is sometimes necessary without prior demonstration of the fistula. A case is reported in which the diagnosis was made by measurement of intragastric oxygen concentration, which increased and declined in response to the endotracheal insuffation of 100% oxygen and room air, respectively. The fistula was subsequently demonstrated by barium esophagram and was successfully treated surgically. In the presence of the classic clinical triad (choking during feedings, abdominal distention, and pneumonitis), a positive intragastric oxygen test may be sufficient indication for surgical exploration.
 ...
PMID:Measurement of intragastric oxygen concentration for the diagnosis of H-type tracheoesophageal fistula. 90 7

The etiology of recurrent aspiration pneumonitis after the successful repair of esophageal atresia has not been defined. In order to explain this occurrence, we performed esophageal manometric examinations on eight patients who had undergone repair of EA and tracheoesophageal fistula. Two patients who had had recurrent pneumonia had subnormal pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter; they also had a history of severe regurgitation, and a barium esophagram demonstrated free gastroesophageal reflux. The LES incompetence in these patients was apparently corrected by administration of bethanechol.
 ...
PMID:Role of lower esophageal sphincter incompetence in recurrent pneumonia after repair of esophageal atresia. 90 73

The differential diagnosis of a left lower lobe cavity in this young patient with a history of productive cough should include hiatal hernia, pulmonary abscess, bronchiectatic cyst and bronchopulmonary sequestration. Hiatal hernia should be ruled out by barium swallow; acute pulmonary abscess by the lack of a history suggestive of a necrotizing pneumonia; bronchiectasis by bronchogram; and intralobar bronchopulmonary sequestration should be confirmed by aortography.
 ...
PMID:Radiologic differential diagnosis. Radiologic pattern: solitary cavity. 102 65

Some unfortunate patients suffer disorders which in one way or another, usually neurologically, severely restrict the larynx in its role as a protector of the lower airway. Aspiration ensues, and unless it can be successfully managed, repeated episodes of a violent pneumonitis may lead to terminal chest problems. In some patients, even the cuffed tracheostomy tubes of new and improved design do not adequately prevent aspiration over an extended time intervel, as evidenced by repeated bouts of aspiration pneumonia despite these cuffed tubes and despite optimal intensive care. For these patients with intractable aspiration, and in whom recovery is expected only after a prolonged period of time, we have suggested a diverting procedure which employs a tracheo-esophageal anastomosis, as an effective yet reversible solution. Such an anastomosis with concomitant tracheostomy allows aspiration of saliva and even food to occur through the malfunctioning larynx but diverts it back into the esophagus through the tracheo-esophageal anastomosis. In normal mongrel dogs we demonstrated that an end-to-side tracheo-esophageal anastomosis is well tolerated and can be performed without damage to the intrinsic larynx or recurrent laryngeal nerves. The tracheo-esophageal lumen remained patent and the anastomosis intact for as long as these animals were observed prior to reconstruction. The reversibility of the tracheo-esophageal anastomosis was demonstrated in these dogs by excising the anastomosis, repairing the esophageal defect, and restoring the continuity of the trachea by end-to-end anastomosis. Vocal cord motion remained intact, the dogs ate normally, and barked once again. A tracheo-esophageal anastomosis was performed in a 60-year-old white female who had suffered lower cranial nerve damage as a result of a large acoustic tumor and the excision thereof. Despite every effort to control aspiration, pneumonitis occurred and became fulminant. The diverting tracheo-esophageal anastomosis was performed with relative ease and was well tolerated by the patient. Aspiration was totally and dependably controlled, and no further chest complications occurred. Her nasogastric feeding tube was removed, and she ate a regular diet with very little difficulty. She gained in strength, became much more alert mentally, and is now taking care of herself in a nursing home. We are following her progress by indirect laryngoscopy and barium swallow examinations and at five months post anastomosis, we are possibly seeing the first signs of lower cranial nerve recovery. We hope that reconstruction and restoration of function will soon be possible.
 ...
PMID:Diverting the paralyzed larynx: a reversible procedure for intractable aspiration. 111 93

Chest and abdominal radiograms are most helpful in evaluating acute abdominal pain in children. When basilar pneumonia is found the likelihood of associated appendicitis is slim. Evidence of appendicolithiasis on abdominal films secures the diagnosis of acute appendicitis and should prompt the surgeon to early operative intervention, since the threat of appendiceal perforation is great. Barium enema is safe and informative when obscure clinical presentation or associated illness exists. The likelihood of appendicitis is great when the appendix fails to fill at the time of barium enema. Complete filling of the appendix excludes the possibility of acute appendicitis.
 ...
PMID:Radiologic aids in the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. 118 26

A 62-year-old woman had symptoms of cough provoked by ingestion of liquids and radiologic changes compatible with repeated bouts of aspiration pneumonitis. A left bronchoesophageal fistula was easily demonstrated by barium esophagogram and fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Division of the fistula resulted in immediate disappearance of the symptoms, gradual resolution of the radiologic abnormalities, and marked improvement in the results of pulmonary function tests. The fistula appeared to be of congenital origin, but the reason that symptoms developed so late in life remains obscure.
 ...
PMID:Congenital esophagobronchial fistula in a 62-year-old woman. 124 64


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>