Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sixty-eight patients with severe infections associated with hematopoietic disorders were treated with imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) and the efficacy and safety of this drug were evaluated. 1. Fifty-nine patients were evaluable for the efficacy. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 10 patients, good in 24, fair in 11 and poor in 14, and the overall efficacy rate was 57.6%. 2. The clinical efficacy rates were 62% against septicemia and suspected septicemia, 40% against pneumonia and 100% against urinary tract infection (1 case). 3. The clinical efficacy rates when these patients were grouped according to numbers of neutrophils after treatment were: less than 100/mm3; 44.4%, 101-500/mm3; 58.3% and over 501/mm3; 60.5%. The efficacy rate was particularly excellent, 60.0%, for patients with neutrophil counts were less than 100/mm3 both before and after treatment. 4. Sixty-eight patients were evaluable for the safety. Side effects were observed in 5 patients and abnormal laboratory test values were observed in 5 patients.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical evaluation of imipenem/cilastatin sodium against severe infections in patients with hematopoietic disorders]. 208 23

Antibiotic prescribing information was prospectively collected on 1822 hospitalized patients treated for suspected or documented bacterial pneumonia. Antibacterial therapy with a single antibiotic was employed in more than 50 percent of the patients, with cefazolin, cefuroxime, ampicillin, and ceftriaxone sodium representing the most commonly employed agents. Combination therapy using two antibiotics was employed in approximately 30 percent of patients with the aminoglycosides, particularly gentamicin, used extensively. A satisfactory outcome was achieved in approximately 80 percent of patients with a community- or institutional-acquired pneumonia; only 66 percent of nosocomial pneumonias had a satisfactory outcome. An important observation was the apparently common practice of switching patients to an oral antibiotic regimen after an average of seven days of antibiotics and subsequently discharging the patient. No difference was observed in the patterns of clinical response or duration of therapy for culture-positive versus culture-negative patients. The results of this surveillance program can serve as a basis for comparison of institution-specific drug utilization evaluation programs.
 ...
PMID:A nationwide survey of antibiotic prescribing patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with bacterial pneumonia. 208 35

A 62-year-old man with pneumonia and left flank pain had a clinical syndrome of hyponatremia, hypotension, dehydration, and high urinary sodium excretion in the presence of a normal glomerular filtration rate. The plasma level of antidiuretic hormone was relatively high despite decreased serum osmolality. Thyroid function and excretion of glucocorticoid and sex steroids were normal. The serum aldosterone level was very low despite elevated plasma renin activity. Angiotensin II failed to stimulate any secretion of aldosterone, despite the occurrence of a progressive rise in blood pressure. On the other hand, rapid ACTH administration increased both serum aldosterone and cortisol. The patient showed no effective response to increased salt intake, but large doses of mineralocorticoid resulted in a normal serum sodium level without dehydration. Subsequently, he suffered cardiac arrest secondary to ventricular tachycardia. Postmortem examination showed well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the left pleura and an intact, histologically normal adrenal zona glomerulosa and kidney. This is the first reported case of a critically ill patient with hyponatremia caused by hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism possibly due to angiotensin II insensitivity and tubular unresponsiveness to mineralocorticoid.
 ...
PMID:Hyponatremia and hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in a critically ill patient: combination of insensitivity to angiotensin II and tubular unresponsiveness to mineralocorticoid. 217 79

In this survey, 60 patients with pulmonary infection (mainly nosocimial pneumonia) were divided into two groups randomly. 30 patients treated by injection of Scutelleria compound and 30 patients by intravenous piperacillin sodium as control. Before treatment there was no significant difference of clinical data between two groups. The total efficacy was evaluated after treatment for one week. 40%, 36.7% were marked effective in corresponding. 33.3%, 40% were effective and 26.7%, 23% were ineffective respectively. Total effective rates were 73.3% and 76.7% in corresponding group. Temperature was average decreased for 7.43 +/- 3.02 and 7.63 +/- 5.79 days, symptoms disappeared or relieved for 11.67 +/- 6.75 days and 11.53 +/- 7.30 days, leucocyte decreased to normal on 9.03 +/- 6.53 days and 10.13 +/- 6.23 days, roentgenographical shadows disappeared or became smaller for 16.1 +/- 7.02 days and 16.1 +/- 9.88 days in corresponding group. There were no side-effect of the functions of liver, kidney and medulla ossium in two groups. In piperacillin sodium group, fungal infection were found in 4 of 30 patients, but there was no any case suffered from fungal infection in injection of Scutelleria compound group. It was suggested that injection on Scutelleria compound is a hopeful preparation and should be studied further.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical comparative study of intravenous piperacillin sodium or injection of scutellaria compound in patients with pulmonary infection]. 220 21

Endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (EVS) is an effective means of controlling variceal hemorrhage, which develops as a consequence of portal hypertension. While esophageal perforation, ulceration, strictures, and mediastinitis are potential complications associated with this procedure, it is not clear whether isolated pleuropulmonary events such as pleuritis, pneumonitis, and adult respiratory distress syndrome are causally related to the EVS. Endoscopy and sedation with the attendant risk of aspiration, particularly in the background of hepatic encephalopathy, may account for some of these events. Recent controlled studies of respiratory function demonstrate that EVS as such results in minor changes in gas exchange, lung volumes, and pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics. Most pulmonary complications have been reported with the use of sodium morrhuate sclerosant. Comparative studies among different sclerosants are necessary to evaluate relative safety. Finally, there have been rare reports of myocardial ischemia and pericarditis reported in association with EVS, but these are of a transient nature. Chest symptoms, roentgenographic pleuropulmonary changes, pulmonary hemodynamics, and cardiac perturbations are transient and should not preclude offering EVS to patients with variceal hemorrhage.
 ...
PMID:Cardiorespiratory effects of endoscopic esophageal variceal sclerotherapy. 222 Aug 81

Viral pneumonias are both a diagnostic and a therapeutic challenge for primary care physicians. The illness should be suspected when an upper respiratory tract infection progresses to include dyspnea and cyanosis. Rapid diagnostic tests are now available to detect most of the viruses that cause pneumonias. Fortunately, viral pneumonias usually resolve without specific antiviral therapy; however, ribavirin is indicated for respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in children and ganciclovir sodium (Cytovene) for cytomegalovirus pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Acyclovir (Zovirax) is indicated for pneumonias due to herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus infections. A high index of suspicion for bacterial superinfections is essential to reduce the risk of death from this complication.
 ...
PMID:Viral pneumonias. A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. 223 93

The values of some basic laboratory features on admission to hospital were recorded and compared in 418 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia, namely erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, white blood cell (WBC) count, serum lactate dehydrogenase (S-LD), serum alanine-aminotransferase, and serum sodium. Discriminant analysis was performed to obtain an aetiological diagnosis. WBC value of greater than 15 x 10(9)/l strongly indicated a bacterial and, especially a pneumococcal aetiology, whereas increased S-LD could imply a mycoplasmal infection. For patients less than 50 years of age the equation C2 = -1.788 + 0.204 x WBC-0.0909 X S-LD was constructed, in which C2 greater than 0 indicated a pneumococcal aetiology. This function correctly classified 31/33 (93.9%) patients with a mycoplasmal and 20/31 (64.5%) patients with a pneumococcal infection. Patients with viral, Haemophilus influenzae or chlamydial infection could not be discriminated from each other. The age of the patient, WBC and possibly S-LD on admission are easily accessible parameters and these results could therefore be of value in daily clinical practice in hospitals.
 ...
PMID:Rapid aetiological diagnosis of pneumonia based on routine laboratory features. 225 62

The Extra Vascular Lung Water (EVLW) was measured using the thermal sodium double indicator dilution technique in 21 patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer. This measurement is an important parameter in the control of the respiratory function. In the 16 cases without pulmonary complications, the preoperative EVLW was 5.3 +/- 0.2 (mean +/- SEM) ml/kg and the immediate postoperative EVLW was 4.8 +/- 0.4 ml/kg. This change was significant (p less than 0.05), but within 24 hours the EVLW returned to almost the same levels as those recorded before surgery. In only 3 cases, the EVLW were elevated beyond 7.5 ml/kg, but these high EVLW levels did not continue for more than 12 hours. Of the 5 patients with pulmonary complications, only two experienced pulmonary edema. Their preoperative EVLW levels were normal, but the immediate postoperative EVLW levels were significantly elevated beyond 10 ml/kg. These elevated levels were observed before the PaO2, the portable chest roentgenograms and the other test results changed following surgery. The high EVLW levels beyond 7.5 ml/kg continued for 72 hours after surgery. We found no correlation between the EVLW and measureable hemodynamic parameters (Cardiac Index, Pulmonary Wedge Pressure, Colloid Osmotic Pressure-Pulmonary Wedge Pressure gradient) during the observation period. In the other cases with pulmonary complications (2 cases were pneumonia, one was atelectasis with pneumonia), the changes in the EVLW levels were the same as for the cases without pulmonary complications. These results indicate that the EVLW is the optimum parameter for the control of the respiratory function and early diagnosis of pulmonary edema after surgery for esophageal cancer.
 ...
PMID:[The measurement of extra vascular lung water using a thermal-sodium double indicator dilution technique in patients undergoing surgery for esophageal cancer]. 228 95

A 78-kilodalton (kDa) outer membrane protein (OMP) of Haemophilus somnus was one of the two antigens most consistently and most intensely immunoreactive in Western immunoblots of whole cells of H. somnus reacted with convalescent-phase serum obtained from cattle with experimental H. somnus pneumonia. This antigen was isolated by gel filtration chromatography of sodium dodecyl sulfate-solubilized OMP. Reactions of Western blots with bovine monospecific antiserum prepared against the 78-kDa antigen indicated that this 78-kDa OMP was present in each of 22 isolates of H. somnus obtained from cattle with pneumonia, thromboembolic meningoencephalitis, and abortion as well as from vaginal or preputial carriers. The 78-kDa OMP was also present in each isolate obtained weekly throughout the course of experimental H. somnus pneumonia in a calf. Monospecific antiserum to the 78-kDa OMP also reacted with proteins from closely related bacterial species in the family Pasteurellaceae but not with bacteria of 13 other genera. The 78-kDa OMP of H. somnus is of interest because it is surface accessible, highly conserved, immunogenic, cross-reactive with other members of the family Pasteurellaceae, and reactive with convalescent-phase serum which is passively protective against H. somnus pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Characterization of a 78-kilodalton outer membrane protein of Haemophilus somnus. 229 52

We report the case of a 32-year-old multipara who presented preeclampsia on the fourth day after childbirth without receiving proper treatment that progressed to eclampsia 4 days later. Pregnancy and delivery had been uneventful. The patient presented proteinuria (30 mg/dl), serum total proteins 5.3 g/dl and serum albumin 3.3 g/dl. Blood pressure was controlled with methyldopa, 500 mg at six-hour intervals by intravenous route. The patient presented hypoxemia secondary to bilateral pleural effusion and aspirative pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and invasive hemodynamic monitoring. Treatment with cefotaxime, 1 g at six-hour intervals by intravenous route and clindamycin, 600 mg at six-hour intervals by intravenous route was initiated. Sedation was maintained with thiopental sodium, 3 mg/kg/hour in continuous infusion. At dismission, the patient was completely recovered from her clinical picture and needed no antihypertensive therapy. Physiopathologic features and the aforementioned complications are discussed with particular reference to differential diagnosis.
 ...
PMID:[Late postpartum eclampsia. Apropos of a case]. 233 15


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>