Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The serum susceptibility of 64 isolates of Haemophilus somnus from cattle was determined in a bactericidal assay with undiluted fresh or inactivated bovine serum with serial dilutions of bacterial suspension in RPMI 1640 medium. A total of 27 strains isolated from cattle with clinical disease (4 with thromboembolic meningoencephalitis, 13 with pneumonia, and 10 with reproductive failure) were compared with 35 strains from asymptomatic carriers (11 from the vagina and 24 from the prepuce). Essentially, all clinical isolates were serum resistant, whereas approximately 25% of preputial isolates were serum susceptible, as judged after 1 h of incubation in serum; a majority of vaginal isolates showed delayed serum susceptibility. Lysozyme played no role in serum killing, and the alternative complement pathway played only a minor role. Iron saturation, however, appeared to impart greater serum resistance to serum-susceptible strains from the vagina and prepuce. Perhaps the serum-susceptible strains from carriers would be useful vaccine candidates, but resistant strains from carriers may be pathogenic.
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PMID:Serum susceptibility of Haemophilus somnus from bovine clinical cases and carriers. 403 Oct 34

Madang district was selected for a longitudinal study of the effects of iron prophylaxis on infectious morbidity in infancy and the topography, climate, domicile, ethnology, demography, disease patterns, nutrition and health services of the district are described. The area has a tropical, humid climate and a mixed economy. Pneumonia was the main killing disease at all ages, and malaria was endemic. A base hospital and well organized maternal and child health services ensured that morbidity surveillance would be optimal. Pilot haematological surveys confirmed a high incidence of anaemia in infancy. Mean haemoglobin between nine and 52 weeks of age was 8.6 g/dl. Results suggested that malaria and iron deficiency were important causes of this anaemia.
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PMID:Iron and infection in infancy--report on field studies in Papua New Guinea: 1. Demographic description and pilot surveys. 608 60

Four cases of familial mucocutaneous candidiasis corresponding to two families were studied. In two of the cases (Family I), there were lesions in the mouth, vaginal mucosa, nails, palms and soles, with no other associated infections. In the other two cases (Family II) there were oral (glossitis with macroglossia), genital and inguinal folds lesions, associated to frequent bacterial infections (recurring forunculosis , pneumonia). The immunological study in the four cases showed overlapping results: anti-candida circulating antibodies at high dilutions, a negative or weakly positive candidine a negative TTL to candida in some of the cases, and not other abnormalities in T. lymphocytes. All of the cases became sensitive to DNCB. In two of them, there were low figures of ferritin (Family II); however, no improvement was obtained with an iron treatment. There were no endocrinological abnormalities in any case. All of the cases were cured with ketoconazole in a few months, and no relapse was found six months after the end of the treatment in one of them. A follow up could not be performed on the other three cases.
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PMID:[Familial chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. Study of 2 families]. 633 Apr 71

Cases of pneumonia and/or diarrhoea were compared in 3 groups of calves with a different iron supply in their 56-day stay in the weaning range of a rearing farm (A: without additional iron supply; B: 200 mg Fe/d between feeding times; C: 1.0 and 1.5 g Fe on the 3rd and 36th day in the weaning range). Anaemia frequency (hemoglobin content lower than 105 g/l) immediately after stabling the calves that had come from various farms was 57.4%. Iron application was carried without considering individual iron equipment. Ferridextrane intervention resulted in a drastic reduction of the crowding disease development. Oral iron supply had a more distinct effect than intramuscular supply and the effect was more evident in the duration of pneumonia than in that of diarrhoea.
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PMID:[Oral and intramuscular ferridextran intervention in male rearing calves. 2. Morbidity rates and treatment frequency for pneumonia and/or diarrhea]. 718 55

Seven cases of Crohn's disease of the duodenum are presented. They made up 2% of 350 cases of Crohn's disease seen over a period of 15 years. Mean age at onset of Crohn's disease was 22 years (range, 13--47). All patients had other, and most patients severe, lesions elsewhere in the alimentary tract. In three patients the duodenal lesion appeared simultaneously with or within a year of lesions elsewhere, in four cases not until 4 to 15 years later. The period of observation after detection of regional duodenitis was 2 to 14 years; mean, 8 years. The commonest complaint due to duodenitis was epigastric pain. It was present in everyone. Gastrointestinal bleeding rarely occurred. Complicating pancreatitis was not seen. Pathophysiologic abnormalities (decreased vitamin B12 and iron absorption, abnormal protein loss) depended more on the extraduodenal extension of Crohn's disease than on the duodenal lesion. In three patients duodenal obstruction required a bypass operation (gastrojejunostomy or duodenojejunostomy). The same three patients and three other of the series were subjected to other surgical treatment, including ileal resection and, in four cases, subtotal colectomy. Two patients died, one of pneumonia in his home and one in her home town of, probably, acute gastroenteritis complicating a severe short-bowel syndrome. The prognosis in this series seemed to be worse than in Crohn's disease in general, not because of the duodenal lesion but because of its association with severe lesions elsewhere in the gastrointestinal tract.
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PMID:Crohn's disease of the duodenum. 720 78

In a 3-month period, three men who had worked for 5 to 19 years as welders or grinders of steel castings in a foundry acquired pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus variety anitratus serotype 7J. Two of the men died, and postmortem examination showed mixed-dust pneumoconiosis with iron particles in the lungs. A calcoaceticus variety anitratus serotype 7J was isolated from the air in the foundry but the source was not found. The prevalence of antibody titers of 64 or greater to the 7J strain was significantly higher among foundry workers (15%) than among community controls (2%) (p less than 0.01). Sampling showed that the concentrations of total and metallic particles (especially iron) and of free silica in air inhaled by welders and grinders at the foundry frequently exceeded acceptable levels. These findings suggest that chronic exposure to such particles may increase susceptibility to infection by this organism, which rarely affects healthy people.
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PMID:A cluster of Acinetobacter Pneumonia in foundry workers. 730 46

Since 1900 respiratory disease has remained a constant serious cause of chronic ill health and premature death in Britain. The falling importance of tuberculosis and pneumonia has been off-set by the rise in lung cancer. Bronchitis morbidity and mortality have fallen only slightly since 1935. To produce any real improvement in the future existing information as to cause must be studied. The relative contribution of occupational exposure is compared with the importance of cigarette smoking. Relevant information is scanty and has been produced to emphasise the existence of occupational diseases rather than assess their importance to the community as whole. In Britain the evidence is that within the coal mining and iron and steel industries conditions are now such that dust exposure contributes little to the morbidity or mortality compared with the workers' smoking habits. Similar results have been shown by a cross-sectional survey of many dusty occupations in Western Germany. Only in the disappearing Welsh slate industry has dust disease been at least as important as smoking. Until the current regulations were introduced conditions existed among asbestos workers such that the combined effect of cigarette smoking and dust exposure led to a loss of life expectation of over 10 years in moderate smokers. Since the new regulations were introduced the risk for asbestos workers should approximate to that for other industrial workers. While control of occupational exposure to respiratory hazards remains important, a far greater improvement to respiratory health would be produced by controlling tobacco smoking.
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PMID:Relative importance of cigarette smoking in occupational lung disease. 747 Mar 98

The iron-chelating drug deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) is active against Pneumocystis carinii in vitro and in rat and mouse models of P. carinii pneumonia. Because DFO has a short half-life, daily divided or continuous dosage was expected to improve the dose response, as is the case with DFO treatment of malaria. Therefore, results of single daily intraperitoneal injections were compared with results of an evenly divided four-times-daily dosage and the efficacy of delivery with implanted infusion pumps. The highest bolus dosage (1,000 mg kg-1 of body weight day-1) was as effective as the standard combination of trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. Unexpectedly, very little improvement was observed with the divided or continuous dosage, and several mechanisms that could account for this are discussed.
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PMID:Response of rat model of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia to continuous infusion of deferoxamine. 749 82

Severe anemia has remained a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children of Southern Ghana since the early 1960s. Cases of anemia and anemia-associated mortality in the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra, that occurred from January to December 1991 were reviewed. Data on hemoglobin levels, hypochromia, and malaria parasitemia of children referred from January to December 1991 were collected and analyzed to determine the prevalence of moderate/severe malaria parasitemia, anemia, and severe anemia. 10,989 (71.1%) of 15,450 children attending KBTH referred to the laboratory for hematological studies had hemoglobin (Hb) levels below 11.0 g/dl; while 3049 children (27.7%) of anemic patients had Hb levels below 7.0 g/dl. Of these 3049 children with severe anemia, 2185 (71.7%) had Hb levels below 5.0 g/dl, thus requiring urgent blood transfusion. Though the Department of Child Health alone utilized 32.2% of total blood processed by the National Blood Transfusion Service at KBTH, as many as 259 (58.1%) of the 554 deaths (306 male and 248 female) in the emergency room in children beyond the neonatal period were related to severe anemia. The main causes were nutritional anemia (n = 135), anemia associated with severe malaria (n = 56), anemia associated with sickle cell disease (n = 28), anemia associated with protein-energy malnutrition (n = 22), and 18 cases of anemia complicating gastroenteritis, pneumonia, meningitis, and convulsions. 108 (19.5%) deaths occurred because of neonatal sepsis, severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, meningitis and bronchopneumonia, severe anemia secondary to hemorrhage of the newborn, and faulty cord ligation. A significant decline occurred in the prevalence of childhood anemia in the developed world following improved counseling in nutrition, fortification of foods with iron, and iron supplementation to infants and schoolchildren with the attendant improvement in growth velocity and intellectual performance. A planned national anemia survey and early consideration of iron supplementation to older infants and preschool children at risk are recommended.
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PMID:Childhood deaths from anaemia in Accra, Ghana. 749 16

The outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles of two strains of capsular type A Pasteurella multocida isolated from the lungs of pigs with enzootic pneumonia were studied. Sarkosyl extracted OMPs from P. multocida grown under iron-restricted and iron-replete conditions were subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis. Results showed that the iron-regulated outer membrane proteins (IROMPs) with molecular masses of 74 kDa, 94 kDa, 99 kDa and 109 kDa were expressed by strain A52, while 74 kDa, 82 kDa, 94 kDa and 99 kDa IROMPs were expressed by strain B80. Swine immune sera, obtained from pigs which were first immunized with a polyvalent P. multocida type A and type D bacterin and subsequently challenged with type A strain of P. multocida, contained antibodies against the IROMPs. These antibodies cross-reacted with the IROMPs expressed by avian strain P1059 of P. multocida. Convalescent-phase serum obtained from turkeys which survived fowl cholera, also cross-reacted with the IROMPs from porcine strains of P. multocida. These results suggested that IROMPs from porcine and avian strains of P. multocida may share common epitopes that were recognized by swine immune serum as well as turkey convalescent-phase serum.
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PMID:Expression of iron-regulated outer membrane proteins by porcine strains of Pasteurella multocida. 770 42


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