Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Sensitivity of 690 cultures of the conditionally pathogenic microbes of Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae to 17 drugs was studied with the agar diffusion method. It was found that 98.6 per cent of the cultures had multiple resistance to 2--10 drugs. Most of the cultures were resistant to erythromycin, carbenicillin and ampicillin. Different species of the conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were resistant to different numbers of the drugs. Thus, Ps. aeruginosa cultures were resistant to 6--10 drugs, the cultures of Citrobacter were resistant to 3--8 drugs and the cultures of Kl. pneumonia were resistant to 2--5 drugs. Levomycetin, tetracycline, streptomycin and biseptol proved to be the most active antibacterial drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Sensitivity to antibiotics and antibacterial preparations of conditionally pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with gastrointestinal tract dysfunctions]. 44 88

A total of 1838 cases treated with antibiotics were analyzed in a pulmonological clinic. The antibiotics were used because of acute pneumonia, exacerbated chronic pneumonia, active inflammatory processes in cases with infectious allergic bronchial asthma and other bronchopulmonary diseases. Levomycetin (21 per cent), benzylpenicillin (14 per cent), oletetrin, erythromycin, semi-synthetic penicillins, aminoglycosides and other antibiotics were used most often. The antibiotic side effects were registered in 1.4 per cent of the cases, the allergic complications being 4 times more frequent than toxico-metabolic complications. The main path for prevention of the antibiotic side effects was rational antibiotic therapy. The antibiotic choice should be guided by the following considerations: process localization, patient's age, causative agent species, its antibiotic sensitivity, antibiotic pharmacokinetic characteristics in the organism of the patient, character of the antibiotic side effects on the macroorganism.
 ...
PMID:[Some features of the side effects of antibiotics in bronchopulmonary diseases]. 91 Nov 52

The clinical presentation, complications and sensitivity pattern was studied in 30 cases of enteric fever. Fever was the main presenting feature in all. Other associated predominant presenting feature were vomiting in 15 (50%), Loose motion 9 (30%), Cough 6 (20%), headache 4 (13.33%) and altered sensorium in 2 (6.66%). The various complications observed during hospital stay were myocarditis 5 (6.16%), Paralytic ileus 2 (6.66%), Pneumonia 1 (3.33%) and Joint effusion in 2 (6.66%) cases respectively. In laboratory parameters-mild elevation of blood urea and SGOT/SGPT were detected in 1st week, which returned to normal in 2-3 weeks time. In vitro sensitivity of organism isolated (24 cases) were as follow--Chloramphenicol 7 (29.16%), Ampicillin 8 (33.33%), Gentamicin 22 (91.66%), Amikacin 24 (100%), Cefotaxime 22 (91.66%), Ciprofloxacin 24 (100%), and Ofloxacin 24 (100%). Clinical response to Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin was 100%, and fever subsided in 3-5 days.
 ...
PMID:Changing profile of enteric fever--in summer-91. 130 27

Asbestos is a fibrous silicate mineral that has been known for decades to cause pulmonary scarring, referred to as asbestosis. The simplest definition of asbestosis is the presence of pulmonary fibrosis as a result of accumulation of airborne asbestos in the lungs. Not infrequently, the terms "asbestos" and "asbestosis" are used incorrectly (interchangeably) by medical personnel, and sometimes pleural fibrosis caused by asbestos is incorrectly referred to as asbestosis. The earliest lesion of asbestosis, as defined by the CAP-NIOSH Committee is peribronchiolar fibrosis, although controversy exists as to how specific this lesion is with respect to causation by asbestos, and whether this lesion progresses to grade 4 asbestosis. In addition, some authorities in the field suggest that the term "asbestosis" be used only for diffuse interstitial fibrosis. The mechanism by which asbestos causes interstitial fibrosis remains poorly understood, and in recent years, pathologic changes such as organizing pneumonitis-bronchiolitis obliterans, and lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, have been described in persons occupationally exposed to asbestos, suggesting that the pulmonary lesions caused by asbestos represent a wider spectrum than had previously been appreciated. By defining areas of uncertainty, medical science will eventually clarify areas of disagreement concerning asbestosis which will eventually lead to a better understanding of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Controversies and uncertainties concerning the pathologic features and pathologic diagnosis of asbestosis. 160 52

A 2.5-year retrospective study of pyogenic meningitis in hospitalized children in Kelantan was carried out with regard to aetiology, clinical features, investigation, treatment and outcome. There were 58 children with 43 cases (74.1%) occurring below the age of 1 year. Frequent presenting symptoms included fever (98.3%), fits (77.6%), anorexia (39.7%), vomiting (34.5%) and drowsiness (12.1%). On admission, 37 (63.7%) had neck stiffness, 10 (17.2%) had Kernig's sign and 32 (55.2%) had coma. CSF cultures were positive for Haemophilus influenzae in 29 (50%), Streptococcus pneumonia in 13 (22.4%) and Neisseria meningitidis in 3 (5.2%). The antibiotic sensitivity profiles showed that the three main organisms were 100% sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Streptococcus pneumoniae was 100% sensitive to penicillin, Neisseria meningitidis was 100% sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin, and Haemophilus influenzae was 90% sensitive to penicillin and ampicillin. The total hospital mortality was 18.9%. All but two of the eleven deaths occurred in children younger than 1 year. Nineteen of the 35 (54.3%) survivors attended for at least one follow-up after discharge from hospital. Of these 19 children, 47.4% had neurological sequelae.
 ...
PMID:Pyogenic meningitis in hospitalized children in Kelantan, Malaysia. 169 51

A model for performing fiberoptic bronchoscopy as a supplement to noninvasive diagnostic methods, in patients with community-acquired pneumonia, was prospectively studied. Twenty-four patients underwent bronchoscopy, seven pilot patients and 17 of 277 (6 percent) consecutive patients with CAP. Indications for FOB were early therapy failure (less than or equal to 72h)(n = 7), late therapy failure (greater than 72h)(n = 11), or before start of antibiotic therapy in severely ill or immunocompromised patients (n = 6). Samples were obtained by aspiration of bronchial secretion and with a protected brush catheter from which quantitative cultures with a detection level of 10(4) colony forming units per ml were performed. Results concluded that FOB, with the use of quantitative PB-cultures, offered a safe and specific diagnostic tool, which on special indications, can be of great value in the management of patients with CAP.
 ...
PMID:Diagnostic fiberoptic bronchoscopy and protected brush culture in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. 230 61

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of a combination of penicillin G and ofloxacin in the treatment of community acquired pneumonia. Thirty eight patients (23 males, 15 females, mean age 62.8 years +/- 19.6) were included. They presented a CAP with the following criteria: fever, abnormal chest X-ray pattern. They received the combination of IV penicillin 12 x 10(6) U daily and IV ofloxacin 200 mg bid. After 48 hours of apyrexia, this treatment was followed by oral ofloxacin alone 200 mg bid. In six cases, the etiologic agent was identified: 2 S. pneumoniae, 1 Chlamydiae psittaci, 2 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 Mycoplasma. In 32 cases, the bacteriological investigation was negative. Five patients were excluded: 2 deaths due to heart failure, 3 alterations of treatment. Twenty eight patients recovered: apyrexia was obtained in 3.5 days. Penicillin G was prescribed for 7.5 days +/- 2.65, followed by ofloxacin alone for 11.43 +/- 3 days. Five patients were considered as clinical failures: 2 deaths due to extensive pneumonia, 3 recoveries after alteration of treatment. Side effects were rare: 1 confusion, 2 skin rashes. As a conclusion: penicillin G and ofloxacin in combination for the initial therapy of CAP, rapidly relayed by ofloxacin alone, permitted 84.3% of recovery in our patients.
 ...
PMID:[The combination of penicillin G and ofloxacin: a response to the empirical treatment of community acquired pneumonia]. 238 49

From 1977 to 1984, Salmonella typhi was isolated from 85% and Salmonella paratyphl A was isolated from 15% of 192 Thai children with enteric fever at Children's Hospital, Bangkok. Children with enteric fever presented with sudden onset of fever and gastrointestinal symptoms. of fever presented with sudden onset Diarrhea occurred in 62% of children with paratyphoid fever and 36% of children with typhoid fever. Rose spots were seen in 15% of patients with typhoid and 7% of patients with paratyphoid fever. There were no deaths. Bronchitis and pneumonia occurring in 11% of patients were the most common complications. Acute hemolysis occurred in 3% of the patients with typhoid fever who had thalassemia or glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Chloramphenicol-resistant S typhi, which accounted for 70% of the isolates in 1977, has since 1982 accounted for less than 2% of isolates.
 ...
PMID:Typhoid and paratyphoid fever in 192 hospitalized children in Thailand. 311 88

Tissue samples from 279 hogs suspected of having received antibiotic treatment were collected at federally-inspected abattoirs and submitted for chloramphenicol residue analysis during August and September 1984. Injection sites (when present), kidneys or muscle samples were tested by one of two gas chromatographic methods. Kidney samples were also tested at the abattoirs by the Swab Test On Premises. Thirty-one animals (11%) were found with detectable levels ranging from 1 part per billion to 5727 ppb. Highest levels were found at the injection sites, while levels in muscle tissue did not exceed 500 ppb. None of the kidneys from animals found to contain chloramphenicol residues produced a positive Swab Test On Premises result attributable to the presence of chloramphenicol. Twelve kidneys from animals free of chloramphenicol residues produced positive Swab Test On Premises results. Of these, five contained penicillin or streptomycin, but antibiotic residues were not detected in the remaining seven. In addition to the samples collected for this survey, samples from eight hogs representing a herd which had been treated for pneumonia were submitted by an abattoir in Manitoba in November 1984. Chloramphenicol levels in these animals ranged from 0.1 to 73 parts per million in the injection sites, and from 0.04 to 21 ppm in the muscle tissues. The survey data indicated that there were a significant number of animals reaching the abattoirs with detectable chloramphenicol residues, and that the Swab Test On Premises procedure was ineffective in detecting these animals.
 ...
PMID:Survey of chloramphenicol residues in diseased swine. 334 95

Combined antimicrobial drug treatment was recommended for foals with Corynebacterium equi pneumonia. The preferred combination is orally administered erythromycin estolate (25 mg/kg of body weight, QID) plus rifampin (10 mg/kg, BID). Erythromycin estolate also can be combined for synergistic effect with sodium benzyl penicillin given IV (100,000 IU/kg, QID) or with ampicillin given IV (11 to 15 mg/kg, QID). A third choice is sodium benzyl penicillin IV with gentamicin IM (2.2 mg/kg, TID) or with kanamycin IM (10 mg/kg, QID). Gentamicin should be combined with penicillin G or ampicillin and not used for longer than one week without monitoring for nephrotoxicosis. Rifampin should be used only in combination with erythromycin or penicillin. Erythromycin or rifampin and gentamicin give antagonistic interactions in vitro. Chloramphenicol or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be effective if given in high doses but are not preferred drugs. Treatment response should be monitored clinically and radiographically and treatment should be continued for 2 weeks after the foal is clinically and radiographically normal.
 ...
PMID:Treatment of Corynebacterium equi pneumonia of foals: a review. 390 54


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>