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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome is a rare primary immunodeficiency disease characterized by recurrent abscess formation, respiratory tract infections and very high titers of serum IgE associated with peculiar face and skeletal features. We report a seven-year old girl presenting with persistent productive cough and history of chronic eczematoid facial lesions since infancy and two episodes of hospitalizations due to pneumonia and perianal abscess. Additionally, in physical examination finger tip clubbing, laxity of joints and crackles in both lungs were detected. Immunologic work up revealed markedly raised IgE level and eosinophilia. The patient was diagnosed as hyper IgE syndrome based on his clinical and laboratory findings. Chest X-ray revealed multiple large cystic lesions in left lung which were confirmed by spiral CT-scan. Pneumonectomy specimen examination showed cystic adenomatoid malformation, characterized by the presence of various cysts lined by epithelium in different sizes. There are few reports of cystic adenomatoid malformation in children. To our best known, this is the first report of cystic adenomatoid malformation in a child with hyper IgE syndrome. Early diagnosis and surgical therapy are helpful in prevention of repeated infections in these patients.
Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008 Jun
PMID:Histopathologic Findings of Pneumatocele in a Patient with Hyper-IgE syndrome, compatible with cystic adenomatoid malformation. 1855 13

Viral respiratory tract infections are a major cause of hospitalization in children. Influenza is common but often not laboratory proven. We report a prospective study of children admitted with a clinical diagnosis of pneumonia. Infants and children (ages 1 month-15 years) who were hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia were enrolled in the study. Their nasopharyngeal aspirated samples were analyzed for common respiratory viruses, including influenza virus, by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or PCR. Out of 257 patients, we identified 127 (49.4%) cases with respiratory viruses, and influenza was found in 32 of these cases (12.5%). Other common respiratory viruses included respiratory syncytial virus in 42 (16.3%), human metapneumovirus in 24 (9.3%), adenovirus in 17 (6.6%) and parainfluenza virus in 12 (4.7%). The median age of the influenza group was 2 years and 3 months, and 27 (84%) of children in this group were under the age of 5. Asthma was the most common co-morbidity (4/32, 12.5%). Common clinical presentations were fever and cough (100%) with crepitations (90%). The median length of hospitalization was 6 days. Three patients developed respiratory failure, with one mortality (3.1%). One child developed infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. Our study demonstrated that young children had a high risk of hospitalization due to influenza pneumonia, which contributed to a significant morbidity.
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PMID:Prevalence, clinical presentations and complications among hospitalized children with influenza pneumonia. 1905 Mar 51

Eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid examination and transbronchial lung biopsy. Aspergillus niger was cultured from the patient's pharyngeal swab and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Inhalation bronchoprovocation test with A. niger antigen was positive. Although the patient's condition improved promptly with 10 mg/day prednisolone administration, dry cough recurred approximately 2 months after completion of this therapy. Severe coughing disappeared on oral cleansing with 300 mg/day amphotericin B, and he recovered completely on 100 mg/day amphotericin B administration. Oral cleansing with amphotericin B may be efficacious in preventing relapses of eosinophilic pneumonia caused by allergic reaction to fungal antigen.
J Asthma 2009 Feb
PMID:Eosinophilic pneumonia caused by Aspergillus niger: is oral cleansing with amphotericin B efficacious in preventing relapse of allergic pneumonitis? 1919 Nov 46

Pulmonary eosinophilia comprises a heterogeneous group of diseases defined by eosinophilia in pulmonary infiltrates (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) or in tissue (lung biopsy specimens). Although the inflammatory infiltrate is composed of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils and eosinophils, eosinophilia is an important marker for the diagnosis and treatment. Clinical and radiological presentations can include simple pulmonary eosinophilia, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and pulmonary eosinophilia associated with a systemic disease, such as in Churg-Strauss syndrome and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Asthma is frequently concomitant and can be a prerequisite, as in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and Churg-Strauss syndrome. In diseases with systemic involvement, the skin, the heart and the nervous system are the most affected organs. The radiological presentation can be typical, or at least suggestive, of one of three types of pulmonary eosinophilia: chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, acute eosinophilic pneumonia and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. The etiology of pulmonary eosinophilia can be either primary (idiopathic) or secondary, due to known causes, such as drugs, parasites, fungal infection, mycobacterial infection, irradiation and toxins. Pulmonary eosinophilia can be also associated with diffuse lung diseases, connective tissue diseases and neoplasia.
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PMID:Pulmonary eosinophilia. 1961 37

Asthma is the third cause of hospitalisations due to clinical illnesses in Brazil. The Programme for Control of Asthma in Bahia (ProAR) leads an initiative in Salvador City (Brazil) to manage severe asthma for free. The aim of this study was to identify trends in asthma hospitalisation in the entire city and to evaluate the impact of ProAR. Information on asthma hospitalisations from 1998 to 2006 was collected. We analysed trends in Salvador (2.8 million inhabitants) before and after ProAR, taking pneumonia and myocardial infarction into account for local comparison. As an external control we obtained information on asthma from Recife, which is the most comparable Brazilian city. In Salvador, asthma hospital admissions declined by 82.3% (1998-2006). A greater proportion of this reduction (74%) occurred after 2003, in parallel with the implementation of ProAR. The reduction in asthma admissions in Recife was smaller. The rates of hospitalisation in 2006 were 2.25 per 10,000 inhabitants in Salvador and 17.06 in Recife. In Salvador, we found an inverse correlation between the provision of medication for asthma and hospitalisation (-0.801; p<0.0001). A rapid reduction in asthma admissions in the entire city of Salvador was associated with ProAR, a public health intervention targeting severe asthma.
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PMID:Rapid reduction in hospitalisations after an intervention to manage severe asthma. 1964 41

The role of Chlamydia pneumonia (CP) infection in infantile asthma remains obscure. CP infection was serologically determined (Immunoglobulin M antibody titer of index (ID) > or = 2.00) in wheezing infants who were then re-examined at 3 years of age to determine whether asthma is associated with CP infection. Wheezing infants with CP infection progressed to asthma more frequently than those who were not infected. These findings may suggest that CP infection triggers the development of asthma in wheezy infants.
J Asthma 2009 Nov
PMID:Does Chlamydia pneumoniae infection trigger to development of asthma in wheezy infants? 1990 28

During the first half of its 100-year history, tuberculosis was predominant in the German Society of Pneumology (DGP). This led largely to the separation of pneumology from internal medicine, particularly in the universities. Since the 1960s, the spectrum of respiratory diseases has changed considerably. Asthma, COPD, lung cancer, and pneumonia today rank among the most widespread diseases. Numerous new diagnostic and therapeutic methods have induced dramatic changes in the field of pneumology. Today, pneumology, together with cardiology and gastroenterology, belongs to the major specialties of internal medicine. One of the most urgent tasks of the DGP is to improve the insufficient representation at German universities, and thus promote teaching and research in respiratory medicine.
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PMID:[100 years DGP -100 years of pneumology in Germany]. 2009 40

Acute eosinophilic pneumonia is a very rare disease that is characterized by acute febrile respiratory failure, diffuse bilateral infiltrates on chest X-ray, and eosinophilia in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the absence of infection. We present the case of a 15-year-old girl diagnosed with smoking-induced acute eosinophilic pneumonia. A previously healthy young girl with a 1-day history of fever presented with cough, dyspnea, and diffuse bilateral infiltrates on chest X-ray. She had started smoking only 3 weeks before presentation. She was diagnosed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid tests and lung biopsy and dramatically improved after steroid treatment. We emphasize that acute eosinophilic pneumonia must be considered when acute pneumonia does not respond to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Effective treatment and prompt institution of therapy can obviate unnecessary morbidity and mortality.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2010 Apr
PMID:Smoking-Induced Acute Eosinophilic Pneumonia in a 15-year-old Girl: A Case Report. 2035 30

: A 59-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with pulmonary infiltration, fever, erythema, and eosinophilia. Two weeks before admission, he received amoxicillin, acetaminophen, and shoseiryu-to (a Japanese herbal medicine) for a common cold. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed, and an increased number of eosinophils was recovered. Transbronchial biopsy specimens showed granuloma and interstitial thickening with eosinophils and lymphocytes. Drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia was suspected, so all drugs were discontinued. The symptoms and infiltration shadow disappeared. A drug-induced lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST) was positive for acetaminophen but not for amoxicillin. In contrast to the DLST, a provocation test revealed that amoxicillin induced the drug allergy. A very striking observation was the coexistence of pulmonary eosinophilia and granulomatous lung infiltrations. In addition, there was a discrepancy between the DLST and provocation test findings. To our knowledge, there is no previous report of drug-induced eosinophilic pneumonia with a granulomatous reaction.
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2007 Jun 15
PMID:Amoxicillin-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia with Granulomatous Reaction: Discrepancy between Drug-Induced Lymphocyte Stimulation Test Findings and the Provocation Drug Test. 2052 46

Chest pain remains a common complaint among children seeking care in the United States. Asthma and lower respiratory tract infections such as pneumonia can be significant causes of chest pain. Children with chest pain caused by either of these pulmonary etiologies generally present with associated respiratory symptoms, including cough, wheezing, tachypnea, respiratory distress, and/or fever. Although analgesic medications can improve chest pain associated with pulmonary pathologies, the mainstay of therapy is to treat the underlying etiology; this includes bronchodilator and/or steroid medications in children with asthma and appropriate antibacterial administration in children with suspicions of bacterial pneumonia. The chest pain generally resolves along with the resolution of other respiratory symptoms.
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PMID:Asthma and pneumonia. 2111 Nov 21


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