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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two mortal cases of varicella pneumonitis are described. The patients were respectively 41 and 34 years-old men of good health. They caught the disease from their children. The disease lasted one week, and death was due in both cases to respiratory failure. The autopsy confirmed massive lung involvement with varicella pneumonia, and also showed other organs involvement (liver, spleen, pancreas, lymph nodes, oesophagus). In both cases, human fibroblast cultures infected by material obtained from cutaneous lesions (in the second case also from the spleen) revealed the presence of Herpesvirus varicellae. A review of 41 cases of adult mortal varicella in the literature demonstrates that death is practically always due to pneumonia and consequent respiratory failure. The dissemination of the virus in other organs is constant. Circumstances, such as pregnancy, immunosuppression, etc., which aggravate the prognosis of varicella in adults, are discussed.
Rev Fr Mal Respir
PMID:[Fatal varicella pneumonia in adults. Report of two cases and review of literature (author's transl)]. 22 15

Two uses of intermittent positive pressure can be distinguished: one supports inhalotherapy and the other longterm assisted ventilation. The apparatus can be connected to the patient either through mouth-piece or by tracheostomy. The main factors involved in the indication of assisted ventilation are the number of acute failures, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, cor pulmonale. In our department, 53 patients were kept under prolonged supervision before a decision was made to use assisted ventilation or not. This attitude seems absolutely necessary. An oxygen test of several hours provides very useful information. Finally, the authors review the indication of various ventilation methods (tracheostomy, oral) in relation to different chronic respiratory insufficiency etiologies (ie., chronic obstructive broncho-pneumonia, restrictive syndrome).
Rev Fr Mal Respir
PMID:[Preliminary report and indications of assisted ventilation at home (author's transl)]. 39 49

Case of an 48 year old man who has presented from 1968 to 1973 a lot of diseases such as: --mitral incompletence discovered in 1968 in Madagascar island in spite of many previous clinical examinations; --acute pneumonia and heart failure in January 1973. Serological reactions of Ricketsia were quite positive; --acute thrombosis of right humeral artery in May 1973. It has been treated by surgical way, bay "desobstruction" and by pass and medical treatment chloramphenicol). Pathologic endartery has been inoculated to an hamster, cobaye. These animal became feverish, and presented an inflammation of testis. A least serological reaction of Ricketsia became positive for all of them; --few weeks, thrombosis of left femoral and posterior tibial arteries treated by surgical and medical ways. Some commens are exposed about evolution of Coxiella Burneti infections, about the frequency of arterial and cardiac lesions, and about the effect of tifomycine which seems to be decreasing and the action of cycline (doxicycline).
Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 1977 Feb
PMID:[Rickettsial arteritis due to Coxiella Burnetii]. 40 95

We report a case of pneumonia with hypoxaemia and a swinging fever which was resistant to antibiotics, but was associated with a hypereosinophilia (44%) noted in the bronchoalveolar lavage. Investigations as to the cause of the eosinophilic pneumonia were negative; a lung biopsy confirmed the eosinophilic infiltration and the absence of any angiitis. There was a rapid and favourable clinical outcome following steroid therapy, which was maintained for three months. No relapse has been noted in the ten months of follow up since ceasing the cortico-steroids. The diagnosis appears to be that of a sub-acute, idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia. The similarities and differences between this case and the chronic idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonia of Carrington were discussed.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Idiopathic subacute pulmonary eosinophilia]. 143 96

The authors describe a case of interstitial lung disease associated with dermatomyositis. Alveolar-interstitial shadowing on the initial chest X-ray, lymphocytosis on the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid, absence of anti-JO1 antibodies and presence of intra-alveolar buds on the open lung biopsy were observed. Our patient died of acute respiratory failure, 34 months after symptoms onset. Intra-alveolar buds found at an early stage of dermatomyositis interstitial lung disease, were associated with minimal interstitial cellularity, markedly interstitial fibrosis, poor prognosis and poor response to steroid therapy. In contrary, bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia noted at an early stage of interstitial lung disease associated with both dermatomyositis and polymyositis, seems to have better prognosis and response to corticosteroid, especially if associated with polymyositis.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Interstitial fibrosing pneumopathy and dermatomyositis. Pulmonary histology and prognosis]. 147 Jul 58

We report the results of a morphological analysis of 60 pulmonary biopsies gathered from a multi center study, organised by the clinico-pathological research group on Wegener's Disease under the auspices of the French Language Society of Thoracic Medicine. Forty of the sixty cases analysed were retained after indexing the histological aspects in order to specify their diagnostic value. Two groups of lesions were distinguished, which had different significance. Group A: These include the three major diagnostic criteria, which reinforce one another as they associate: 1) The polymorphoneutrophil microabscesses with limited central necrosis or an extended necrosis like the contours of a relief map. 2) An angiitis (arteries, veins, capillaries) with eccentric focal parietal crescent-shaped microabscesses. 3) Polymorphous granulomas with giant cells. Group B: In this group are the minor morphological observations (table II) of a lesser value and significance. 1) Acute or chronic lesions with alveolar haemorrhage, endogenous lipid pneumonia, xanthomatous granulomas, an organising pneumonia with an alveolitis. 2) Bronchial lesions: Bronchitis and necrotising bronchiolitis, which is more rarely follicular. 3) Sero-fibrinous or infiltrative neutrophil pleural lesions with focal microabscesses, elastolysis and elastophagia with giant cells in the elastic lamina. Thirteen cases presented with misleading lesions, which was a possible source of diagnostic error and led to a discussion of several associated disorders (Goodpasture's syndrome, and collagen disorder syndrome) or there may be systemic angiitis (Giant cell or lymphocytic) or also systemic or tissue eosinophilia (Churg-Strauss syndrome, bronchocentric granulomatosis) or necrotising bronchitis (atrophic polychondritis) or other forms of nodular interstitial fibrosis, such as histiocytosis X. We would like to stress the great polymorphic variation of the lesions and the difficulties which confront pathologists in the diagnosis of Wegener's Disease, above all when it is localised to the lung. There is value in finding at least one major diagnostic criteria which is associated with a minor criteria and with the help of the C.ANCA levels may lead to a narrow clinicopathological correlation and allows for a fairly precise approach to the diagnosis and identification of early or unusual lesions and thus to the early treatment of patients before irreversible renal failure appears.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[Pulmonary lesions in Wegener's disease. Report of the French Anatomo-clinical Research Group. Study of 40 pulmonary biopsies]. 150 87

Specific bacteriological diagnosis is the first condition for optimal treatment in bacterial pneumonias. Despite many attempts to improve its reliability, bacteriological examination of the sputum is a non-sensitive and non-specific examination. Transtracheal aspiration (TTA) and bronchoscopic protected brush (BPB) are more reliable examinations but their practice is limited because of their invasive characteristic. Then treatment of non-critical pneumonia is often based on the probable organism. BPB is carried out using a protected brush with a double catheter which is introduced into the bronchial tree under fiberscopic control. Although easy, such a technique must be accurate in its performance. Even if good reliability of this method is well establish in in vitro and in vivo studies, it remains that false positive results have been described in clinical studies, so that quantitative cultures are needed. Results are evident in non-intubated patients without bronchial disease in which identifying the responsive germ is the only purpose. But in intubated ventilated patients two problems are faced: firstly on establishing a positive diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia and secondly on identifying the responsive germ. TTA technique prevents pollution of the specimen with oropharyngeal flora: bronchial secretions are aspirated by a catheter introduced into the trachea via percutaneous route through crico-thyroid membrane. Its performance is easy, quick and severe complications are very rare when usual contraindications are taken into account (severe hypoxia, hemostatic disorders). Being of good sensitivity, the TTA shows false positive results in patients with chronic bronchial diseases. On a bacteriological point of view, these protected techniques have to be used only when pyogenic bacteria are suspected. Invasive techniques are needed when there are factors of specific severity or other risk factors. The choice (TTA or PBP) depends mostly on medical habits and material availability.
Rev Mal Respir 1992
PMID:[The shielded bronchial brush and transcutaneous tracheal puncture]. 154 51

Main etiologic agents of AIDS-related infections pneumonia and diagnostic tools useful to identify microorganism are discussed. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) remains the most important performed technique to collect pulmonary secretions, but it needs to be completed by colorimetric, immunological (monoclonal antibodies), serological (ELISA vs. mycobacterial antigens), molecular (DNA probes) techniques. These tools are very useful to identify pathogen agents.
Arch Monaldi Mal Torace
PMID:[The microbiological aspects of AIDS-related respiratory infections]. 166 82

Several respiratory complications have been described in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and are the subject of this review. Involvement of the bronchial tree is the most frequent of them. Chronic bronchitis (16 patients) and bilateral bronchiectasis (16 patients) are responsible for chronic disabling bronchial suppuration. Symptoms related to the bronchial disease most often develop in patients in whom the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis is already established (88% of cases). Occurrence before the diagnosis of UC is possible, but unusual. Bronchial involvement can develop in patients whose UC is in complete remission, or who have undergone coloproctectomy up to several years earlier. Impressive improvement of cough and sputum production commonly occur following inhaled steroids. This is of great diagnostic and therapeutic significance. Other complications include subacute asphyxiating tracheal obstruction due to intralumenal inflammatory overgrowth (1 patient), small airways disease and panbronchiolitis (2 patients), BOOP (4 patients), pulmonary angiitis (6 patients), desquamative interstitial pneumonitis and granulomatosis (2 and 3 patients respectively), biapical pulmonary infiltrates (2 patients) and serositis. In addition, UC patients can develop less specific pulmonary problems such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism and sulfasalazopyridine-induced pneumonitis and fibrosis.
Rev Mal Respir 1991
PMID:[Respiratory manifestations of hemorrhagic rectocolitis]. 176 14

Syndromes presenting with interstitial radiological signs are often difficult to diagnose aetiologically. Surgical biopsy prevents certain rare cases being neglected notably when there are atypical manifestations. We describe a case of bronchiolitis obliterans with an organising pneumonia which was classical as regards the histology and its response to treatment but unusual as regards the clinical presentation and the aetiology.
Rev Mal Respir 1991
PMID:[An unusual miliary pattern]. 176 26


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