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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Inhalational general anesthetics can contribute to postoperative morbidity (Table II). Postoperative effects of inhalational anesthetics on the central nervous system are speculative. The "toxic" effects of these agents during the postoperative period are most often an extension of their pharmacologic and physiochemical properties. Inhalational anesthetics may produce a number of varied changes in mental status after surgery such as headache, emergence excitement, and delirium. It is very important for health professionals to be aware of the risk of perioperative myocardial infarction in patients with preexisting heart disease if early detection and treatment are to occur. Relative to the common postoperative problems of atelectasis, pneumonia, and aspiration, inhalational agents may have a contributory role especially in patients with preexisting pulmonary disease. Postoperative nausea and vomiting are other common problems in which inhalational agents may have a role in their development. Although extensively investigated, suspected halothane hepatoxicity is a very rare complication if it exists at all. The renal effects of inhalational anesthetics are usually mild and transitory, although the use of methoxyflurane can produce direct nephrotoxicity. The evidence to support a clinically significant direct immunosuppressant effect of inhalational anesthetics after surgery is inconclusive. A concensus exists that any minor, short-lived effects are in all probability overshadowed by the nonspecific stress of surgery itself. By reducing this stress, anesthetics undoubtedly have a protective effect. There are probably no major mutagenic or carcinogenic effects of inhalational anesthetics under normal conditions. Inhalational anesthetics should be avoided during pregnancy because of their teratogenic potential and their effects on the uterus.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The postoperative adverse effects of inhalational anesthetics. 351 Oct 14

The results of a retrospective study of peculiarities of anesthetic management at emergency diagnostic endoscopic interventions in abdominal organs are presented in the article. Anesthesia-related risk factors, peculiarities of surgery duration and most often complications, encountered during operation and immediately after it, were analyzed in cases of the administration of multi-component combined endotracheal narcosis (MCEN), intravenous anesthesia, intramuscular sedation and local anesthesia. It was pointed out that the need to revise the anesthetic tactic (use of another type of anesthetic management) appeared in cases of intravenous anesthesia (27%), intramuscular sedation (20%) or local anesthesia (40%). Complications were encountered, during the early postoperative period in breathing organs, 9-18% (pneumothorax, pneumonia), in case of intravenous anesthesia of diagnostic laparoscopy. PONV syndrome was on the top of complications' list (42%) in MCEN. In order to optimize the medical care rendered to patients, who are admitted to the emergency surgery department, multi-component combined endotracheal narcosis is suggested as a method of choice for diagnostic laparoscopic interventions; a management algorithm and MCEN peculiarities are defined.
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PMID:[Anesthesia during diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic abdominal procedures]. 1291 94