Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We present the cases of 23- and 38-year-old healthy patients with clinical diagnosis of acute measles who experienced shortness of breath on exertion with nonproductive cough and showed signs of mild respiratory failure at presentation in the emergency department (ED) but with normal chest radiograph and auscultation. In both cases, bedside ultrasound of the lung showed the appearance of signs of interstitial diffuse involvement with vertical B lines spread all over the lateral and posterior chest wall. This sonographic pattern is typical of the interstitial involvement during acute viral pneumonitis that can be missed by physical examination and chest radiography. Even without radiologic infiltrates and pulmonary sounds, based on sonographic and arterial gas signs, a diagnosis of measles pneumonitis was done and patients admitted to the ward for close follow-up and supportive care. We hypothesize a new diagnostic role of bedside lung sonography in screening patients presenting to the ED with initial lung involvement in measles who warrant close follow-up and hospital admission.
 ...
PMID:Sonographic detection of radio-occult interstitial lung involvement in measles pneumonitis. 1904 53

To quantify the respiratory disease burden among agricultural workers, we examined the 1988-1998 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) "Multiple Cause of Death Data" and the 1988-1994 Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (NHANES III). Proportionate mortality ratios (PMRs) were determined for 11 respiratory conditions among 6 agricultural groups: crop farm workers, livestock farm workers, farm managers, landscape and horticultural workers, forestry workers, and fishery workers. Prevalence ratios (PRs) were determined for 12 respiratory conditions among 3 agricultural groups: farm workers, farm managers, and other agricultural workers. Disease categories groups were based on the 9th International Classification of Diseases and the agricultural groups on the NCHS or NHANES III industry and occupation codes, respectively. Crop farm workers and livestock farm workers had significantly elevated mortality for several respiratory conditions, with mortality for hypersensitivity pneumonitis being 10 and 50 times higher than expected. Landscape and horticultural workers had significantly elevated mortality for abscess of the lung and mediastinum and chronic airways obstruction. Forestry workers had significantly elevated mortality for pulmonary tuberculosis, chronic airways obstruction, and pneumonia. Prevalence of wheeze was elevated for female farm workers, shortness of breath was elevated for farm workers who had ever smoked, and hay fever was elevated for black, non-Hispanic farm workers. Prevalence of asthma was elevated for other agricultural workers who had ever smoked. Farm workers had a PR of 173 for obstructive respiratory abnormality. Continued improvement in occupational health surveillance systems for agriculture is essential to help guide prevention efforts for respiratory disease.
 ...
PMID:Respiratory disease in agricultural workers: mortality and morbidity statistics. 1904 66

Viral syndromes can present with various cutaneous manifestations, from the morbilliform eruption of measles to the papular lesions of molluscum. The systemic manifestations of viral illness can be similarly varied, with different presentations in each individual. We describe a patient with recently diagnosed AIDS who presented to the emergency department with hemorrhagic papules and shortness of breath. She was found to be severely thrombocytopenic, and a Tzanck smear revealed multinucleate giant cells. She received a diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and primary varicella pneumonia. Acyclovir and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) were initiated. Her respiratory status improved after 5 days of treatment and her cutaneous lesions healed, with some scarring. We believe the rapid resolution and benign outcome of this patient's varicella infection may have been attributed to the concomitant initiation of IVIG with antiviral therapy.
 ...
PMID:Varicella pneumonia with immune thrombocytopenic purpura: a patient with multiple complications. 1918 Oct 29

We report a case of pulmonary zygomycosis associated with unusual deposition of calcium salt crystals. The patient was a 75-year-old female who had onset of cough and shortness of breath. She was treated for community-acquired pneumonia but died despite intensive therapy. Postmortem examination revealed diffuse alveolar damage and multifocal necrotizing pneumonia associated with herpes simplex infection and invasive zygomycosis. Birefringent particles were seen associated with fungal elements in the lung parenchyma, within bronchial cartilage, and in blood vessel walls. By infrared spectroscopy, the birefringent particles in the pulmonary parenchyma and within bronchial cartilage had spectral characteristics of calcium oxalate dihydrate and calcium oxalate monohydrate, respectively. The birefringent crystals within vascular walls were identified as calcium carbonate. This case documents the chemical composition and location of 3 different calcium salt crystals in pulmonary zygomycosis. It also shows that among pulmonary fungal infections, calcium oxalate deposition is not restricted to aspergillosis.
 ...
PMID:Deposition of calcium salts in a case of pulmonary zygomycosis: histopathologic and chemical findings. 1945 61

A 57-year-old man presented with shortness of breath of four months duration which had recently become worse. A chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) showed diffuse ground-glass opacities of the bilateral lower lungs suggesting interstitial pneumonia. The number of eosinophils was increased in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) (52%) and peripheral blood. A histological examination of the specimen obtained by TBLB revealed organized pneumonia with slight infiltration of inflammatory cell. Because the images were not typical of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, video-assisted thoracic surgery biopsy was performed. The histological findings of the resected specimen showed organizing pneumonia with infiltration of eosinophils in the alveolar walls. He had not taken any medication prior to coming to the hospital and he was negative for medicine-related pneumonia. The oral administration of prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg) improved his symptoms and also CT findings.
 ...
PMID:[A case of cryptogenic organizing pneumonia with eosinophilic infiltration which was difficult to distinguish from nonspecific interstitial pneumonia]. 1945 57

Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), usually known as a nosocomial pathogen, has emerged as the predominant cause of skin and soft-tissue infections in many communities. Concurrent with the emergence of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA), there have been increasing numbers of reports of community-acquired necrotising pneumonia in young patients and others without the classic health-care-associated risk factors. Community-onset necrotising pneumonia due to CA-MRSA is now recognised as an emerging clinical entity with distinctive clinical features and substantial morbidity and mortality. A viral prodrome (eg, influenza or influenza-like illness) followed by acute onset of shortness of breath, sepsis, and haemoptysis is the most frequent clinical presentation. The best treatment of this partly toxin-mediated disease has not been clearly defined. Whereas cases of CA-MRSA pneumonia have now been reported from almost every continent, the overall burden of disease of this emerging syndrome remains incompletely described. We report two related cases of community-onset pneumonia due to the MRSA USA300 genotype and review the literature regarding the emergence of CA-MRSA pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Emergence of community-acquired meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strain USA300 as a cause of necrotising community-onset pneumonia. 1946 78

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) was first described in the early 1980s as a clinicopathologic syndrome characterized symptomatically by subacute or chronic respiratory illness and histopathologically by the presence of granulation tissue in the bronchiolar lumen, alveolar ducts and some alveoli, associated with a variable degree of interstitial and airspace infiltration by mononuclear cells and foamy macrophages. Persons of all ages can be affected. Dry cough and shortness of breath of 2 weeks to 2 months in duration usually characterizes BOOP. Symptoms persist despite antibiotic therapy. On imaging, air space consolidation can be indistinguishable from chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP), interstitial pneumonitis (acute, nonspecific and usual interstitial pneumonitis, neoplasm, inflammation and infection). The definitive diagnosis is achieved by tissue biopsy. Patients with BOOP respond favorably to treatment with steroids.
 ...
PMID:Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia: pathogenesis, clinical features, imaging and therapy review. 1956 10

Ralstonia pickettii, formerly known as Burkholderia pickettii, is a non-fermentative gram-negative bacillus. It is emerging as an opportunistic pathogen both in the hospital setting and in the environment, leading to outbreaks especially in the intensive care units. The available literature revealed two case reports of pneumonia associated with R. pickettii in adults. In this report, a case of pneumoniae due to R. pickettii, in a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was presented. Fifty-six years old male patient was admitted to the hospital with complaints of shortness of breath, cough, purulent sputum, weakness, fatigue and green colorred diarrhea lacking blood. Lung auscultation revealed decreased respiratory sounds in the right lower lobe. Laboratory findings yielded decreased arterial pH and paO2 and increased pCO2 values, while hemoglobin, hematocrite, blood urea and creatinine levels were increased. Chest X-ray showed an infiltration on right lower zone. The patient was intubated and imipenem 1 x 500 mg/day and netilmicin 1 x 80 mg/day were initiated. Deep tracheal aspirate specimen revealed gram-negative rods and leukocytes, and cultures yielded growth of non-fermentative gram-negative bacilli on blood agar and EMB agar. These bacilli were identified as R. pickettii by using VITEK 2 system (bi-oMerieux Inc, Mercy L'etoil, France). Antibiotic sensitivity test performed by VITEK 2 GP system (bioMerieux Inc, Mercy L'etoil, France) revealed sensitivity to ceftriaxone, imipenem/cilastatin, piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin, gentamicin, cefoperazone-sulbactam and ciprofloxacin. Treatment with imipenem/cilastatin was continued for 14 days and the patient was completely recovered. This case was presented in order to call attention to R. pickettii as a pathogen that may cause community-acquired lower respiratory tract infection.
 ...
PMID:[A community acquired pneumonia case caused by Ralstonia pickettii]. 1962 22

A 70-year-old woman with breast cancer treated with hormonal therapy had progressive shortness of breath for one month. Chest radiograph and computed tomography showed mild interstitial changes, but could not account for her respiratory failure. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis, drug-induced pneumonitis, idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis, opportunistic infection, and pulmonary edema were considered in the differential diagnosis of the CT findings. A perfusion scan revealed numerous small subsegmental perfusion defects in both lung fields. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) contained some cancer cells, suggesting lymphangitic carcinomatosis. Transbronchial biopsy (TBLB) specimen showed tumor emboli in small pulmonary arteries. Immunohistochemical findings of TBLB specimen were consistent with breast cancer cells. A diagnosis of tumor microembolism caused by breast cancer metastasis was made. Antemortem diagnosis of tumor microembolism is very difficult. Here, we report a case of tumor microembolism diagnosed by perfusion scan and TBLB.
 ...
PMID:[A case of tumor microembolism diagnosed by perfusion scan and transbronchial lung biopsy]. 1976 10

A 66-year-old female patient was admitted with a one year history of low-grade fever and shortness of breath with worsening symptoms. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the chest was performed, which revealed bilateral homogenous consolidation with subpleural predominance in the corresponding area. The percentage of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid was 98% and histological examination showed remarkable accumulation of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the alveoli and interstitium, with mild interstitial fibrosis. The diagnosis of idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed. Intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy (500 mg daily) for three days followed by 30 mg of oral prednisolone showed dramatic response. She was essentially normal after one year follow up.CEP is characterized by chronic and progressive clinical features and specific pathological findings. We review the epidemiology, clinical, diagnosis, and therapy of the CEP.
 ...
PMID:Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia: a case report and review of the literature. 1983 5


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10