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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Severe leptospirosis rarely presents with primary pulmonary manifestations, without any associated jaundice or renal dysfunction. The authors report a nine-year-old boy who presented with complaints of abrupt onset of high fever; with myalgia, headache, and pain in right chest region, productive cough with hemoptysis and vomiting developing over the past 72 hours. Chest radiograph showed consolidation in the right upper lobe with air bronchogram. A history of contact with sewage water and presence of conjunctival suffusion in a child with pneumonia made us suspect leptospirosis. Following prompt initiation of parenteral penicillin therapy the child's complaints resolved over the next five days. Dri-Dot test to detect anti-Leptospira antibodies was positive. The diagnosis of leptospirosis was confirmed by a positive microagglutination test to Leptospira interrogans serovar Australis by a fourfold rise in antibody titer in paired sera collected during convalescence. Leptospirosis presenting with pulmonary hemorrhage has been associated with significant mortality but it can be successfully treated with early clinical suspicion of alveolar hemorrhage and prompt therapy.
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PMID:Leptospiral pneumonia. 1568 65

A 59-year-old man was hospitalised because of dyspnoea, productive cough, fever, chills and malaise. Severe community-acquired pneumonia was diagnosed. Legionella urinary antigen testing, which can only detect serogroup 1, and the first culture ofa bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid sample were negative for Legionella. However, L. pneumophila DNA was detected by PCR in the BAL washing sample. Eventually, L. pneumophila serogroup 3 was isolated from this specimen by repeated culture. Although, in The Netherlands, legionellosis is caused by L. pneumophila serogroup 1 in more than 90% of all cases, this case demonstrates that a negative result of urinary antigen testing does not necessarily exclude this diagnosis. It is therefore advocated to expand the diagnostics to a Legionella PCR on respiratory material of patients with clinical signs of Legionella pneumonia in whom the urinary antigen test is negative.
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PMID:[A patient with Legionella pneumophila serogroup-3 pneumonia, detected by PCR]. 1617 Nov 6

An HIV-1-infected adult presented with a short history of dyspnoea, productive cough and myalgia with fever. Shortly after presentation, he developed the abrupt onset of high-volume watery diarrhoea: stool culture grew Shigella sonnei. At the same time, he became hypoxaemic, and thoracic imaging showed bilateral lower lobe consolidation/collapse. Culture of sputum and blood was negative. The patient recovered with fluid resuscitation and ciprofloxacin monotherapy. This is the first reported case of pneumonia complicating S. sonnei dysentery in an HIV-infected adult.
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PMID:Pneumonia complicating Shigella sonnei dysentery in an HIV-infected adult male. 1630 74

Bronchoesophageal fistulae associated with lymphomas are generally associated with chemo-radiotherapy. We report here an unusual case of lymphoma with a therapy-unrelated bronchoesophageal fistula. Previously, only 10 similar cases have been reported. A 70-year-old male was diagnosed as having gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in May 1998. In January 1999, he noted a cough after eating and drinking. Because of the presence of a febrile temperature, productive cough and dyspnea, he was referred to our hospital and diagnosed as having aspiration pneumonia. Antibiotics did not improve his symptoms. When tracheal intubation was performed with bronchoscopy, a bronchoesophageal fistula was revealed. Malignant lymphoma cells were found around the fistula in the biopsy specimen. The patient died of pneumonia after treatment with airway stenting and chemotherapy. Induction of necrosis by chemotherapy or low blood flow with stenting and dopamine probably caused enlargement of the fistula.
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PMID:[Bronchoesophageal fistula in a patient with untreated malignant lymphoma]. 1644 Jul 67

Legionella pneumophila is a common cause of sporadic community-acquired pneumonia, but culture-proven legionellosis is rarely diagnosed. There is no laboratory test for Legionnaires' disease that can detect all patients with the disease. Culture is the standard diagnostic method and should be initiated as soon as possible in suspected cases. We describe a rare case of community-acquired pneumonia caused by L. pneumophila serogroup 6. A 77-year-old man was admitted to a tertiary care hospital because of high fever, productive cough, and progressive dyspnea. Chest radiography showed bilateral pneumonia, which led to respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilatory support. Despite antibiotic therapy, his condition continued to deteriorate and acute renal failure also developed. Urine was negative for L. pneumophila. Culture of the sputum yielded L. pneumophila serogroup 6, although there was no elevation of the serum antibody titer. Pneumonia resolved gradually and he was extubated after treatment with levofloxacin followed by erythromycin. L. pneumophila other than serogroup 1 should be included in the differential diagnosis of patients with suspected atypical community-acquired pneumonia.
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PMID:Severe community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila Serogroup 6. 1652 Aug 45

Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the important causes of afebrile pneumonia in infants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the demographic features, clinical manifestations, and outcome of C. trachomatis pneumonia patients seen during the past 10 years in one medical center. We reviewed the records on 30 patients with a diagnosis of C. trachomatis pneumonia. The diagnosis was based on characteristic clinical features and confirmed by culture, serologic testing, or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Clinical features including age, sex, symptoms at the time of admission, laboratory data, and treatment were analyzed. Of the 30 patients (17 males and 13 females), 29 (96%) were less than 4 months old (range 10 days to 5 months). All patients had productive cough followed by tachypnea. Three patients (10%) presented with apnea. Four (13%) had conjunctivitis. Fever was present in only 3 (10%), of whom 2 also had concurrent respiratory syncytial virus infection. Peripheral eosinophilia (eosinophils > or = 400/mm3) was present in 14 (47%) patients. Hyperinflation was seen on chest x-ray in 15 patients. All infants were treated with erythromycin and responded well. The mean time to clinical improvement was 3.53 days after the start of treatment. The mean duration of hospitalization was 8.97 days (range, 3 to 17 days). No patients died. Pediatricians and general practitioners must have a high index of suspicion for chlamydial infection in afebrile infants presenting with tachypnea, peripheral eosinophilia, and hyperinflation on chest x- ray during the first four months of life.
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PMID:Chlamydia trachomatis pneumonia: experience in a medical center. 1664 2

An 18-year-old woman underwent an (111)In octreotide scan for evaluation of a possible insulinoma. This showed mildly increased radiopharmaceutical uptake involving the right lung base. The patient reported a productive cough for 5 days before the octreotide scan. A chest radiograph was taken, which showed increased airspace opacification in the right lower lobe, corresponding to the uptake seen on the octreotide scan. After a course of oral antibiotics, the patient's chest symptoms improved and the radiograph opacification resolved, confirming the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia. This case stresses the need to correlate scan results with the patient's presentation and symptoms to avoid false-positive data.
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PMID:Pneumonia can cause 111indium octreotide uptake. 1673 17

The term Acute Fibrinous and Organizing Pneumonia (AFOP) has been proposed by Beasley et al for cases that do not fit into the histopathologic criteria of the recognized entities described as acute or subacute clinical presentations. The presence of intra-alveolar fibrin in the form of fibrin "balls" and organizing pneumonia with patchy distribution are the main histological features of this entity. We describe the case of a male patient with the diagnostic of AFOP made by surgical lung biopsy. He had a subacute presentation of symptoms consisting of productive cough, chest pain and fever. Bilateral infiltrates with patchy and diffuse distribution were the predominant features in his chest HRCT scan. The patient had a good clinical course after a treatment with prednisone and cyclophosphamide. Our hope in reporting this case study is to add some more data to the discussion of this new entity.
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PMID:Acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia. 1711 29

A 70-year-old man presented with a deteriorating fever and productive cough after the administration of drugs including L-carbocisteine against the common cold. Since chest radiograph revealed pulmonary infiltrates in the right lower lung field, he was admitted to our hospital, then L-carbocisteine was continued and antibiotics started. However, his symptoms, laboratory findings, and hypoxia worsened. Pulmonary infiltrates on his chest radiograph increased and chest CT demonstrated pulmonary consolidation with traction bronchiectasis and ground glass opacity with thickened of interlobular septae in the right lung field. Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid showed elevated numbers of total cells, neutrophils and eosinophils, and the CD4/CD8 ratio was 5.65. Under a suspected diagnosis of drug-induced pneumonia, we halted L-carbocisteine administration stopped and began corticosteroid therapy. Subsequently his symptoms and findings markedly improved. The drug lymphocyte stimulation test for L-carbocisteine using peripheral blood lymphocytes showed positive results. On the basis of the clinical course, laboratory and radiographic findings, we considered this case to possibly be drug-induced pneumonia due to L-carbocisteine. To our knowledge, this is possibly the first case of L-carbocisteine-induced pneumonia to be reported.
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PMID:[A possible case of drug-induced pneumonia due to L-carbocisteine]. 1776 89

A 64-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis and treated with bucillamine presented with a productive cough. No obvious infiltration was detected in chest radiography, but CT revealed patchy ground glass opacities in bilateral lung fields. Her serum KL-6 level was elevated and transbronchial lung biopsy showed interstitial pneumonia. Drug lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST) for bucillamine was negative for blood lymphocytes, but positive for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocytes. The pneumonitis improved after the cessation of bucillamine. We therefore made a diagnosis of bucillamine-induced interstitial pneumonia. DLST with BAL lymphocytes is thus suggested to be useful for such diagnoses.
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PMID:A case of bucillamine-induced interstitial pneumonia with positive lymphocyte stimulation test for bucillamine using bronchoalveolar lavage lymphocytes. 1793 31


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