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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

With the aid of a questionnaire form we have gathered information about the clinical picture of patients suffering from primary ciliary dyskinesia. The study group numbered 34 persons, whose diagnosis was confirmed by electron microscopy. Chronic cough and common cold symptoms are present from shortly after birth. Twenty-three respondents reported respiratory tract problems in the neonatal period. The dysfunctional cilia result in chronic respiratory tract infections (chronic bronchitis; bronchiectasis; pneumonia; chronic sinusitis, rhinitis or otitis media). These lead to the following complaints: frequent blowing of the nose (in 32 pat.; 94%), chronic productive cough (in 28 pat.; 82%), chronic common cold (in 26 pat.; 77%), hearing problems (in 24 pat.; 71%), shortness of breath (in 23 pat.; 68%), frequent headache (in 13 pat.; 38%) and sore throat (in 9 pat.; 27%). In order to prevent the invalidating consequences of this disorder appropriate steps should be taken as soon as possible. These should include physiotherapy and adequate antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:[Primary ciliary dyskinesia; a questionnaire study of the clinical aspects]. 258 63

A 62 year-old man had suffered from gout and mild renal insufficiency since he was 40 years old. He was admitted to our hospital complicated by a productive cough, high fever and a right swollen knee joint. The chest radiographs demonstrated a left upper lobe infiltration shadow. Streptococci pneumoniae were found in the sputum, arterial blood and synovial fluid of the right knee joint, suggesting a severe pneumonia followed by pneumococcal septicemia which led to purulent arthritis. He was treated with cefamandole (CMD) and penicillin G (PC-G) for one week, but the chest X-ray findings were not improved. After treatment with cefbuperazone (CBPZ) and latamoxef (LMOX), his fever and other symptoms gradually resolved. Streptococcus pneumoniae is an uncommon organism of septic arthritis. Pneumococcal arthritis in a patient without immunodeficiency such as this case is very rare, and has not been reported in Japan.
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PMID:[A case of pneumococcal arthritis in a patient with gout]. 261 92

Pneumococci remain the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia, and there are still important questions concerning the pathogenesis, management, and prevention of this disease. Infection begins by aspiration of pneumococci from the oropharynx. Alveolar macrophages, granulocytes, and extra-cellular factors, including opsonins, are necessary for control of bacterial proliferation and cure of the infection. Clinically, pneumococcal pneumonia often presents with sudden onset of productive cough, fever, and a rigor, but symptoms may be muted in the young, elderly, or debilitated. About one-fourth of patients have a positive blood culture. Examination of sputum by Gram's stain and culture can provide useful information, but are not definitive. Tests for soluble pneumococcal antigen or the direct quellung reaction on sputum have not proved helpful. Pneumococci isolated from blood and spinal fluid should be tested for penicillin sensitivity routinely. Penicillin G and erythromycin are the mainstays of specific treatment, and rapid subjective improvement on narrow-spectrum therapy is an important point in diagnosis. The mortality rate continues to be about 18%, and prevention by vaccination remains a highly desirable goal.
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PMID:Pneumococcal pneumonia. 265 34

A 43 year old male complained about fever, productive cough and nocturnal sweating. He was treated for pneumonia with antibiotics because of pulmonary infiltrate. Tomography revealed a large cavity with infiltrated border in the right inferior lobe. By means of bronchoscopy the diagnosis of bronchial tuberculosis was established. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured. A comparison with previous radiographs suggested a duration of the disease of approximately 3 years. A combined chemotherapy with isoniazide, rifampicin and pyrazinamide resulted in rapid disappearance of symptoms and to regression of radiologic changes. The cavity persisted after 9 month of treatment.
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PMID:[Fever, productive cough, night sweats]. 275 67

Fracture of the neck of the femur (FNF) is a common disorder in the elderly. A total of 618 cases consisting of 117 males and 501 females, whose age was 65 years or more, were enrolled in a prospective study. A total of 45 cases among them revealed pulmonary complications. These were divided into the following three groups: Group 1 (4.7%) who had respiratory disease(s) or symptoms prior to the fracture; Group 2 (1.9%), diagnosed as having pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). In Group 3 (0.6%), PTE was a possible diagnosis but it was not distinguished from pneumonia in precise. In the patients of group 2 and 3, respectively, the following respiratory symptoms were observed: dyspnea (31.3%), productive cough (25%), syncope (12.6%), chest pain (6.3%), tachycardia (46.7%), and tachypnea (50%). An abnormal chest roentgenogram was found 56.4% in both group 2 and 3. Seven patients in group 2 showed remarkable reduction of PaO2 on admission, however these all recovered within 7 days without any thrombolytic treatment. The prevalence of PTE caused by FNF in the elderly was close to that in younger cases, but the clinical symptoms were less in the former.
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PMID:[Pulmonary complications subsequent to fractured neck of the femur in the elderly]. 279 69

Sixty-three otherwise healthy adults with acute productive cough and no clinical evidence of pneumonia were randomized to receive a ten-day course of erythromycin or placebo. Fifty-seven of these patients returned completed symptom diaries or returned for a two-week follow-up visit. Patients treated with erythromycin reported a more rapid improvement in subjective ratings of cold symptoms, general health, sputum production, and a mean symptom score. Fewer patients in the erythromycin group required cough or cold medications or were congested by day 10 (P less than .05). The treatment group was also less likely to have purulent sputum (9 percent vs 36 percent, P less than .05) and abnormal lung examinations (0 percent vs 29 percent, P less than .01) at a two-week follow-up visit. These results support the use of erythromycin in acute bronchitis.
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PMID:A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of erythromycin in adults with acute bronchitis. 330 93

Clinical characteristics and course of disease of 19 pneumococcal, 11 adenoviral, 15 mycoplasmal and 10 mixed pneumonias, diagnosed in 55 military conscripts, were compared. Controls consisted of 104 conscripts with upper respiratory infections (URI). The triad: productive cough, blood stained sputum, and chest pain aggravated by breathing (pneumococcal score) distinguished pneumococcal and mixed pneumonias but not adenoviral and mycoplasmal pneumonias from URI. Higher C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count distinguished the pneumococcal pneumonias, but not the other pneumonias, from URI. The pneumococcal scores and simple laboratory tests on admission were compared. The score effectively separated pneumococcal from adenoviral and mycoplasmal pneumonias, and patients with mixed infections from mycoplasmal infections. Higher CRP values and WBC counts distinguished pneumococcal pneumonia from other pneumonias. Auscultation revealed crackles in 27% of adenoviral and in 60-70% of mycoplasmal, pneumococcal and mixed pneumonias. Maxillary sinusitis was more common in pneumococcal (56%) than in mycoplasmal (7%) or mixed pneumonia (10%) or URI (14%). Pneumococcal pneumonias differed in most respects from the other groups. It is difficult to distinguish between adenoviral, mycoplasmal and mixed pneumonia and also URI.
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PMID:Clinical diagnosis of pneumococcal, adenoviral, mycoplasmal and mixed pneumonias in young men. 339 72

We have described a 55-year-old man with fever, productive cough, and a right upper lobe infiltrate, which subsequently cavitated. Cultures of bronchial secretions obtained by bronchoscopic protected brush catheter technique revealed Enterobacter cloacae, a previously unreported cause of acute necrotizing pneumonia.
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PMID:Acute necrotizing pneumonia caused by Enterobacter cloacae. 340 88

Forty three cases of psittacosis infection were identified retrospectively over a five year period. The commonest clinical presentation was of a bronchitic illness with a productive cough and features of systemic upset. In 12 (28%) cases no radiographic abnormality was detected on the chest film. Segmental shadowing was the commonest abnormality but lobar and more extensive consolidation occurred. There were no radiographic features that allowed confident differentiation from other causes of pneumonia. The total and differential white cell counts were usually normal and this feature may help to differentiate psittacosis from bacterial pneumonia.
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PMID:Clinical and radiographic features of psittacosis infection. 403 20

Five patients with the yellow nail syndrome triad are described; all five had yellow nails, primary lymphedema, and respiratory tract involvement. Four of the patients noted the onset of the syndrome after an episode of pneumonia. Four patients had a chronic productive cough, two had bronchiectasis, two had chronic sinusitis, and one had chronic pleural effusion. Two of the five had spontaneous improvement of their yellow nails.
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PMID:Yellow nail syndrome: report of five cases. 671 90


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