Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 65-year-old man was admitted because of severe cervical pain radiating to both shoulders and bouts of fever, which followed pneumonia. Bone scan showed increased focal uptake in C6-7, while computerized tomography showed destruction of the 7th intervertebral disk, with bone sequesters and soft tissue swelling. Fine needle aspiration drew purulent material with gram-positive bacteria on direct staining. Culture grew Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase positive. Treatment with IV cloxacillin for 3 weeks, followed by oral treatment for another 3, resulted in complete remission.
 ...
PMID:[Pyogenic cervical osteomyelitis following pneumonia]. 203 39

The literature dealing with the magnitude, mechanism and effects of reduced FRC in the perioperative period is reviewed. During general anaesthesia FRC is reduced by approximately 20%. The reduction is greater in the obese and in patients with COPD. The most likely mechanism is the loss of inspiratory muscle tone of the muscles acting on the rib cage. Gas trapping is an additional mechanism. Lung compliance decreases and airways resistance increases, in large part, due to decreased FRC. The larynx is displaced anteriorly and elongated, making laryngoscopy and intubation more difficult. The change in FRC creates or increases intrapulmonary shunt and areas of low ventilation to perfusion. This is due to the occurrence of compression atelectasis, and to regional changes in mechanics and airway closure which tend to reduce ventilation to dependent lung zones which are still well perfused. Abdominal and thoracic operations tend to increase shunting further. Large tidal volume but not PEEP will improve oxygenation, although both increase FRC. Both FRC and vital capacity are reduced following abdominal and thoracic surgery in a predictable pattern. The mechanism is the combined effect of incisional pain and reflex dysfunction of the diaphragm. Additional effects of thoracic surgery include pleural effusion, cooling of the phrenic nerve and mediastinal widening. Postoperative hypoxaemia is a function of reduced FRC and airway closure. There is no real difference among the various methods of active lung expansion in terms of the speed of restoration of lung function, or in preventing postoperative atelectasis/pneumonia. Epidural analgesia does not influence the rate of recovery of lung function, nor does it prevent atelectasis/pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:Perioperative functional residual capacity. 180 4

307 patients with chest injuries were treated in an outpatient clinic during a three month period. Ten patients developed complications such as hemothorax, pneumothorax and lung contusion, or late complications such as atelectases and pneumonia. 21 patients were hospitalized after initial evaluation. Two patients died. Pain was a symptom in 306 of the 307 patients. Other symptoms were coughing, hempoptysis, fever, nausea. Complications increased in 40 patients, with other symptoms or signs in addition to pain. These other symptoms had a 40% positive and 95% negative predictive value as regards complications. 45 out of 114 patients had a pathological chest x-ray. Positive chest x-ray had a 40% positive and 94% negative predictive value as regards complications. In four patients (1.3%) complicating injuries were not identified initially. Five of 24 patients (21%) were hospitalized unnecessarily. Chest x-ray should be performed in patients with additional symptoms and signs. Patients with no signs in addition to chest wall tenderness can be observed at home.
 ...
PMID:[Ambulatory evaluation and treatment of blunt thoracic injuries]. 204 51

After antileukemic chemotherapy a granulocytopenic patient experienced a rapidly progressive left-sided pneumonia with pleuritic pain. After 1 week, a sudden occlusion of all aortic branches was followed by death. At postmortem, a huge thrombus in the aortic arch caused by Aspergillus invasion from the left lung was found.
 ...
PMID:Fulminant pulmonary aspergillus infection occluding the aortic arch after high-dose antileukemic chemotherapy. 204 55

Two patients of ataxic sensory neuropathy associated with silicosis were studied. Case 1 is a 53-year-old (in 1979) man who was a stonecutter for 40 years and diagnosed as silicosis in 1973. Case 2 is a 64-year-old (in 1984) man who was a glasscutter for 30 years and had been treated for silicosis from 1980 to 1982. Both patients developed dysesthesias in the hands, feet and face asymmetrically and gait ataxia over a few months. Vibratory and joint position senses were profoundly diminished but were accompanied by only mildly decreased pain and temperature sensations. Their muscle power was almost unchanged. Both had absent muscle power was almost unchanged. Both had absent muscle stretch reflexes. Sensory nerve conduction velocities were absent and motor nerve studies were almost normal. Nerve biopsy in case 2 showed a severe loss of large myelinaed fibers, and no inflammatory infiltrates and onion bulb formations. Although these findings suggested the carcinomatous neuropathy, we could not find any malignancy. Both patients had elevated polyclonal gamma-globulin levels and rheumatoid factors and, in case 2 an increase of IgG in serum. Cerebrospinal fluid showed an albumino-cytogenic dissociation and steroid therapy was successful in both patients. Case 1 died of pneumonia in 1989. Though an autopsy was not performed, his condition had continued to improve without signs of malignancy during 10 years. The condition of case 2 has also continued to improve, although ataxias remain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Two cases of ataxic sensory neuropathy associated with silicosis]. 217 42

The authors present a pilot study in which 20 patients with simple rib fractures were randomized prospectively into two treatment groups. One group received ibuprofen and the other group ibuprofen plus a rib belt for analgesia. There were no statistically significant differences observed in pulmonary function testing between the groups at initial visit, 48 hours, or 5 days. Atelectasis developed in four patients, two in each treatment group; there were no cases of pneumonitis. Patients with displaced rib fractures experienced a higher rate of hemo- or pneumothorax than did those with nondisplaced fractures (5/10 v 1/10). Patients with displaced fractures who used rib belts experienced a higher rate of hemothorax than those using oral analgesia alone (4/6 v 1/4). Patients using rib belts uniformly reported a significant amount of additional pain relief. The clinician can use a rib belt to provide additional comfort to the patient with fractured ribs without apparent additional compromise to respiratory parameters. A further study stratifying displaced and nondisplaced fractures has been initiated to clarify the possible contributing roles of displaced rib fractures and the rib belt in patients with displaced fractures.
 ...
PMID:A randomized clinical trial of rib belts for simple fractures. 219 66

The admissions to Vancouver General Hospital from its Surgical Day Care Centre were reviewed for the period 1977 to 1987. The overall mean rate of admission for the period was 0.28 per cent, for surgically-related admissions 0.22 per cent and for anaesthesia-related admissions 0.07 per cent. The principal reasons for surgery-related admissions were postoperative bleeding, complications, the need for further surgery, the requirement for prolonged postoperative care, and pain. Urology had a particularly high percentage of admissions compared with its workload, because of the diagnostic nature of much of the work. Anaesthesia-related admissions included "syncope," lack of an accompanying adult, aspiration pneumonitis and coincident acute disease. Twelve of the 14 patients admitted with syncope had surgery in the afternoon and had received less than ideal amounts of intravenous fluid. Seven of the 12 ASA physical status II patients admitted had an admission diagnosis related to the coincident disease.
 ...
PMID:Hospital admissions from the Surgical Day Care Centre of Vancouver General Hospital 1977-1987. 220 46

The treatment of emergencies in a hospital or in private practice is subject to a common set of rules, but each setting presents its own particularities. These specificities include the prevalence of different pathologies, the possibility of hospitalisation and the length of the observation period, and these are illustrated by pertinent case histories. The effect of different prevalence is well illustrated by the thrombolytic treatment of myocardial infarction. The cost/benefit ratio of this treatment is entirely different when administered to a population seen in private consultation, in which myocardial infarction makes up only 5% of patients presenting with thoracic pain, as opposed to a hospital setting in which the prevalence of myocardial infarction is much higher. The possibility of hospitalizing patients is illustrated by community-based pneumonia, in which knowledge of the epidemiology and prognostic factors are guides in choosing appropriate antibiotics and in rapidly selecting the patients requiring admission to hospital. Finally, the length of observation is illustrated by patients presenting with abdominal pain. Certain symptoms and signs can indicate a surgical affection, but often a certain period of observation is required before the correct diagnosis can be made. To improve physicians' performance in emergency medicine will require better knowledge of areas up till now often ignored, such as epidemiology, decision analysis, a probabilistic approach to different pathologies, unfavourable prognostic factors of known illnesses, and simple clinical and paraclinical factors which serve to discriminate between those cases requiring hospitalisation and those which may be followed on an ambulatory basis.
 ...
PMID:[Office emergencies--hospital emergencies]. 227 Apr 43

Ventilation and gas exchange lung functions were studied in 110 patients with severe closed chest trauma. In chest trauma that was not accompanied by intrapulmonary traumatic changes the main pathogenetic mechanism of gas exchange damage was marked pain syndrome. Such patients did not suffer from severe arterial hypoxemia and their intrapulmonary shunting did not exceed 15%. Analgesia and, if necessary, lung decompression improved considerably respiratory parameters and prevented the onset of severe pulmonary failure. Patients with intrapulmonary traumatic changes (lung contusion, intrapulmonary hematomas) were characterized by progressing arterial hypoxemia due to a considerable increase in intrapulmonary shunting. These patients are managed mainly by preventive therapy of pulmonary hyperhydration, thorough tracheobronchial cleansing, cough stimulation, prevention of pneumonia.
 ...
PMID:[The effect of severe closed chest trauma on gas exchange]. 228 31

Results are reported of treatment of 19 patients with acute pneumonia by means of low-energy laser radiation in the complex of therapeutic measures. The positive effect of laser treatment was observed after 2-3 sessions: reduction of pain and heaviness in the chest, lower intensity of cough, normalization of sleep, more rapid normalization of peripheral blood findings, biochemical indices, external respiration function and roentgenological picture, shorter hospitalization time.
 ...
PMID:[The use of low-energy laser radiation in the combined treatment of patients with acute pneumonia]. 233 59


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>