Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report an autopsied case of Parkinson's disease manifesting Shy-Drager syndrome. At the age of 63 years, the patient noticed an onset of progressive orthostatic dizziness, which was followed by constipation, dysuria, and sexual impotence. When he was 66 years old, syncopal attack for a few minutes, tremor in the bilateral hands, and memory disturbance developed. On admission, his blood pressure was 142/72 mmHg in supine position, which fell to 58/42 mmHg on standing with appropriate increase of heart rate. Neurological examination revealed hallucination, memory disturbance, masked face, muscular rigidity, bradykinesia, mild postural tremor, and autonomic dysfunction including severe orthostatic hypotension, hypohydrosis, constipation, dysuria, and sexual impotence. Electroencephalogram showed diffuse slowing. Brain CT demonstrated absence of severe atrophy of the cerebellum, and brain stem. Pharmacological study revealed denervation hypersensitivity to the intravenously administrated noradrenaline. A diagnosis of Shy-Drager syndrome was made, and he was treated with anti parkinsonian drugs. However, no improvement was observed in his clinical symptoms. Seven months later, he died of pneumonia. Neuropathological examination revealed marked neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus. Lewy bodies were seen in those pigmented nuclei, dorsal vagal nucleus, hypothalamus and nucleus basalis of Meynert. No abnormality was found in the intermediolateral nucleus of the spinal cord. This is the first report on a Japanese patient who presented clinically Shy-Drager syndrome and pathologically typical Parkinson's disease. In this patient, from the pharmacological and pathological findings, sympathetic ganglia were supposed to be the responsible lesion for orthostatic hypotension.
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PMID:[An autopsied case of Parkinson's disease manifesting Shy-Drager syndrome]. 130 25

Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome are reported. Case 1: A 56-year-old woman was admitted with dysphagia. She had been suffering from progressive systemic sclerosis for 16 years. Three years before the admission, dysphagia developed and dilatation and hypomotility of the esophagus were observed. Chest and abdominal x-ray films on admission showed severe dilatation of the intestine, pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, abdominal free air, and Chilaiditi's syndrome. Chilaiditi's syndrome and other signs disappeared after conservative treatment. She died four months later due to cor pulmonale. Case 2: An 87-year-old man was admitted with constipation and left lower abdominal pain. Physical examination showed ascites. Chest and abdominal x-ray examination showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. Cytological examination of ascites revealed adenocarcinoma cells. Diagnosis of peritonitis carcinomatosa due to cancer of pancreatic tail was made. Chilaiditi's syndrome disappeared after removal of ascites. Case 3: A 71-year-old bedridden man who had urinary incontinence developed meterorism. Repeated chest x-ray examinations constantly showed Chilaiditi's syndrome. He died of pneumonia two years later. The pathogenesis of Chilaiditi's syndrome was discussed and the literature was reviewed.
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PMID:[Three cases of Chilaiditi's syndrome--hepatodiaphragmatic interposition of the colon]. 143 56

An 18-year-old male was admitted with headache, nausea, and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an enhanced tumor of the pineal region and hydrocephalus. The tumor was partially resected via a parieto-occipital craniectomy. The histological diagnosis was germinoma. No serum tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were detectable. A ventriculo-peritoneal (V-P) shunt was emplaced and radiation therapy (whole brain 59 Gy) given. The tumor and the hydrocephalus regressed completely and he returned to work. Six years later, he experienced constipation and general fatigue. CT and echotomography of the abdomen showed a large peritoneal tumor and ascites. Laboratory investigation demonstrated serum levels of AFP 7640 ng/ml and HCG 150 IU/l, and high ascitic levels of AFP 12,890 ng/ml and HCG 1030 IU/l. AFP and HCG levels regressed after combined chemotherapy. However, he died due to leukopenia and pneumonia. Autopsy found no metastasis of tumor cells to the central nervous system. The peritoneal cavity contained hemorrhagic fluid and a large tumor 4100 g in weight. The tip of the V-P shunt tube was in front of the tumor. No neoplasm was found in the testis, retroperitoneal cavity, thymus, and other organs. The microscopic appearance of the peritoneal tumor was different to the first pineal tumor. The neoplasm was confirmed as a mixed germ cell tumor with teratoma components and suspected to be a metastasis of the pineal tumor through the V-P shunt system.
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PMID:[Abdominal metastasis of a pineal region tumor through ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Case report]. 172 35

Long-term use of corticosteroids (CSs) may result in an increased risk of disseminated varicella. Concurrent administration of troleandomycin (Tao) to treat CS-dependent asthmatics can potentiate steroid effects. We present the first case of fatal varicella in a patient concurrently receiving methylprednisolone and Tao therapy. At the time of her death she had been receiving CSs for 2 years and Tao for 1 year. She had a 2-day history of fever, lower back and abdominal pain, dysuria, and constipation. Later, when pox lesions were evident, it was learned she had been exposed to varicella 2 weeks previously. While hospitalized she developed hepatitis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and pneumonitis, resulting in respiratory failure. She succumbed despite treatment with stress doses of steroids, intravenous acyclovir, fresh frozen plasma, and ventilatory support. Autopsy findings revealed evidence consistent with disseminated varicella. This case suggests that concurrent therapy with CSs and Tao may increase the risk for disseminated varicella, possibly by enhancing CS-induced immunosuppressive effects. We suggest that other immunologic parameters in addition to serum varicella titers might be helpful in identifying those CS-dependent patients at risk. Any CS-dependent asthmatic, whether or not receiving Tao, should receive varicella-zoster immune globulin within 96 hours of exposure and acyclovir once varicella is clinically apparent. Varicella vaccine should be considered for those not yet exposed.
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PMID:Fatal varicella in a corticosteroid-dependent asthmatic receiving troleandomycin. 233 42

A small tear in the urinary bladder of a severely debilitated 4-day-old foal was managed with an indwelling urinary catheter connected to a urine collecting system. Fluid therapy, parenteral nutrition, and antimicrobial agents were used during the initial management of the ruptured bladder. Aseptic technique for catheter care and systemic administration of antimicrobial agents prevented the development of bacterial cystitis. Catheter management required constant monitoring, but the bladder defect was sealed within 5 days. Fungal arthritis caused by Candida tropicalis, immune-mediated anemia, diarrhea, constipation, venous thrombosis, and pneumonia were observed during 43 days of hospitalization. Although the foal died at 3 months of age, serum creatinine concentration and electrolyte values remained within normal limits during the 3-month period.
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PMID:Nonsurgical management of ruptured urinary bladder in a critically ill foal. 341 Jul 76

A case of moderately severe botulism was diagnosed in a 4 weeks old white female. Clostridium botulinum toxin was identified repeatedly in the infant's faeces by means of the mouse protection assay. Clostridium botulinum was isolated in pure culture from faecal material. Both the organism and the toxin were type B. The onset of illness was characterized by mild constipation, apathy, weak sucking and difficulty with swallowing. Incipient, probably aspiration, pneumonia was diagnosed at the same time. Further signs of botulism developed during hospitalization, viz. loss of head control, pooled oral secretion, weak cry, mild ptosis, reduced facial expression, generalized muscular weakness and reduced spontaneous activity. A nasogastric feeding tube was needed because the ability to suck and swallow was impaired. Immediately on admission of the infant to hospital emergency treatment was started with ampicillin, which was followed by penicillin injections. The infant recovered in 60 days. Subsequent medical examinations demonstrated that the recovery was complete and the development normal. The case represents the first instance of infant botulism detected on the European Continent.
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PMID:Infant botulism type B in central Europe. 703 93

Older patients and their physicians are likely to choose surgery, when indicated, despite old age. To facilitate recovery, functional assessment provides data to plan immediate and long-term needs. Functional assessment includes physical, social, and environmental data. It also helps define "normal" functioning after surgery. Cognitive assessment is especially important and can be obtained during the initial interview of the patient. Cognitive assessment tools may be indicated if data are unclear. Postoperative complications occur in all body systems and include: MI, CHF dysrhythmias, pneumonia, atelectasis, hyponatremia, renal failure, confusion, deconditioning, skin tears, incontinence, and constipation. Referral may be needed before dismissal for significant changes in functional ability.
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PMID:Nursing management of the elderly surgical patient. 753 83

To evaluate the effectiveness of vinorelbine (NVB) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), a late Phase II study was conducted. A total of 80 patients with Stage III or IV NSCLC who had no previous therapy were entered into the study. Seventy-nine patients were eligible for response and toxicity. NVB was administered weekly by intravenous injection at a dose of 25 mg/m2 in 20 ml of saline and was generally administered in four cycles or more, unless patients had disease progression. Of the 79 eligible patients, 23 (29.1%) showed a partial response (95% confidence interval, 19.1-40.4%). The median duration of partial responses was 14.7+ weeks. The median survival time for all patients was 40.1+ weeks. The major toxicity was leukopenia. Grade 3 and 4 leukopenia occurred in 48 patients (60.8%). Other toxicities of grade 3 or more included anemia (6.3%), local cutaneous reaction (3.8%), pneumonitis (1.3%), nausea and vomiting (1.3%), mucositis (1.3%) and constipation (1.3%). The absolute dose-intensity of NVB was 22.33 mg/m2/week. A weekly schedule of intravenous administration of 25 mg/m2/week of NVB was reasonable for maintenance of activity, and acceptable for toxicity in the chemotherapy of advanced NSCLC.
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PMID:A phase II study of vinorelbine, a new derivative of vinca alkaloid, for previously untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Japan Vinorelbine Lung Cancer Study Group. 770 95

The objective of this study was to describe the health problems of a group dementia patients on admission and during residence in a Dutch nursing home and to compare these with figures of patients of 75 years and over from general practice. In 890 nursing home patients suffering from dementia prevalence of health problems on admission and the incidence during the residence were classified by means of the ICHPPC-2-defined. The differences between men and women were studied as was the influence of the season on the incidence during the stay. Results were compared with figures of patients of seventy five year and over from the continuous morbidity registration (CMR) from 'Nijmegen'. The most frequently occurring health problems on admission were: varicose veins of legs, acquired deformation of the spine, presbyacusis, hypertension, arthrosis, COPD, cerebrovascular disorders, heart murmur, cataract and chronic ischemic heart disease. During the residence the following health problems were frequently diagnosed: urinary tract infection, side effect of medicine, constipation, pneumonia, pressure sore, feeding problem, contusion, heart failure, cold and conjunctivitis. There were clear differences between men and women. Especially the incidence of intercurrent diseases showed great differences from the patterns in general practice. Prevalence of health problems on admission to the nursing home home agreed mor with figures from general practice. Respiratory tract infections frequently occurred in winter and urinary tract infections, pressure sores and conjunctivitis seemed to occur more in the summer. Nursing home patients with dementia have a lot of chronic and intercurrent health problems. They differ clearly from patients in general practice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Incidence and prevalence of health problems in a group of nursing home patients with dementia. A comparison with family practice]. 780 16

A 32-year-old man developed a rash on his body and extremities following acute fever of a few days duration, and also noticed pain and spontaneous tingling sensations in his lower extremities. Because severe pneumonia with dyspnea and low arterial blood oxygen concentration were found on examination, he was admitted and treated. After recovering from pneumonia in two months, he complained of abdominal symptoms, such as constipation, nausea and vomiting, spontaneous tingling sensations in the lower extremities, and orthostatic dizziness and fainting. On neurological examination, a mild to moderate muscle weakness was found in the distal muscles of both extremities. The ankle jerk was absent. Both superficial and deep sensations were moderately to severely decreased in the feet with positive Romberg's sign. Constipation and vomiting with nausea were noted. Clinical and laboratory examinations revealed marked orthostatic hypotension and hypohidrosis. Motor and sensory conduction studies indicated the presence of axonal degeneration and segmental demyelination and remyelination in the limbs nerves. CSF examination indicated that protein was 150 mg/dl and the cell count to be 18/mm3. Titer of antibody to rubella virus was significantly elevated. There were no other abnormalities to indicate the cause of motor, sensory and autonomic neuropathies. Therefore, the diagnosis of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances after rubella infection, which is rare in the literature, was made.
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PMID:[A case of acute polyradiculoneuropathy with autonomic disturbances following rubella infection]. 826 90


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