Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1967-1973, a total of 54 strains of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was isolated from patients suffering from different acute respiratory diseases, with an average positive isolation rate of 4.7%. Most mycoplasmas were isolated from patients aged 40-60, and with pneumonia of primary atypical pneumonias. The highest frequency of isolation was found in sputum collected 4-8 days after onset of illness. Colony formation on PPLO medium usually occurred 7-12 days after incubation. Serological tests were methods of choice for diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia. In the 6 years period, 163 patients were diagnosed: 74 were positive only by metabolic inhibition test (MIT), 55 were positive only by cold agglutination test (CAT), and 34 gave positive by both tests. Of the above 2 tests, the CAT is nonspecific, but the MIT appears to be more sensitive and specific. Of the 94 sera positive by MIT, 42 (48.2%) were also positive by CAT; of those negative by MIT, 45 of 507 (8.8%) were positive by CAT. Of 45 sera with positive mycoplasma isolation, 37 (82.2%) were also positive by MIT, but only 22 (48.9%) showed the rises of CAT titers. Clinical features of mycoplasmal pneumonia were almost similar to those described by the other investigators. The chief symptoms were fever, coughs, chills, rales, malaise, sore throat headache and chest pain. The sedimentation rate of erythrocytes was accelerated. White count was normal in most cases. Both leucocytosis and leucopenia were found in 10% of the cases. Seasonal variation in incidence of mycoplasmal pneumonia was not obvious, however the lowest incidence occurred during summer. A roentgenogram of the chest was necessary for diagnosis of mycoplasmal pneumonia, and the lung infiltration was mainly located on right side (57.1%), segmentally, and limited to one lobe, especially the lower lobe.
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PMID:Mycoplasmal pneumonia in Chinese veterans. 103 86

A 78-year-old man was admitted to the Nishinomiya Municipal Central Hospital with main symptoms of chest pain and dyspnea. Chest CT revealed a large mediastinal mass shadow, and echocardiography revealed pericardial effusion. Serum LDH was elevated. Therefore, malignant lymphoma was suspected to be the cause of cardiac tamponade. VEPA chemotherapy was commenced. Half way through the course of chemotherapy, serum LDH was decreased, the pericardial effusion had disappeared, and the mediastinal mass was reduced in size. A biopsy specimen of the mediastinal tumor revealed malignant lymphoma of diffuse large cell type, and immunoperoxidase staining of frozen sections demonstrated B cell origin. The pericardial effusion had not increased in size after four months, when the patient developed pneumonia and died. Autopsy revealed pericardial and atrial involvement by tumor. In conclusion, this case is very unusual in that (1) pericardial involvement was suspected on admission; (2) the pericardial effusion disappeared with systemic chemotherapy; and (3) cardiac metastasis was demonstrated at autopsy.
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PMID:[A case of mediastinal malignant lymphoma with cardiac tamponade treated effectively with chemotherapy]. 140 9

The diagnostic value of typical symptoms and abnormal chest signs for pneumonia have been evaluated against a radiographic reference standard in 402 adult patients with respiratory tract infection in general practice. Pneumonia was diagnosed in 20 patients by a positive chest radiograph. The doctors diagnosed pneumonia in seven of these on the basis of history and physical examination alone, and in addition in 22 patients with normal radiographs. The diagnostic value of the typical symptoms cough, chest pain, and dyspnoea, reported by the patients on a questionnaire, increased with increasing intensity of the symptoms, and both "very annoying lateral chest pain" and "very annoying dyspnoea" had likelihood ratios (LR) between 4 and 5. The LR of crackles was 3.7. When evaluated against the doctor's clinical diagnosis of pneumonia as reference standard, crackles achieved an LR of 14.8, while the typical symptoms achieved lower LRs than when evaluated against the radiographic reference standard. These discrepancies, which were confirmed by logistic regression, indicate that crackles and other abnormal chest findings are interpreted too frequently as features of pneumonia and that the importance of typical symptoms is underestimated in the diagnosis of pneumonia.
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PMID:Diagnosis of pneumonia in adults in general practice. Relative importance of typical symptoms and abnormal chest signs evaluated against a radiographic reference standard. 141 Sep 55

A 56-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis was admitted to our hospital with dyspnea on exertion, fever and right chest pain. Chest X-ray showed bilateral, predominantly lower interstitial shadows and right pleural effusion. Open lung biopsy specimen showed bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) with prominent alveolitis, and corticosteroid therapy was introduced. Because the patient showed little response to corticosteroids, an immunosupressant (cyclophosphamide) was added. There was marked clinical, physiological and roentgenographic improvement in response to combined therapy. The therapeutic response of some BOOP patients seems to vary according to its pathogenesis and pathological findings, and these should be taken into consideration in the selection of therapeutic strategies.
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PMID:[A case of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who responded to corticosteroid and immunosupressant therapy]. 150 93

An 80-year-old man was admitted to our division because of hemosputum, cough, and chest pain for three months. A chest roentgenogram, chest CT scanning, and bronchoscopic examinations revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung with atelectasis of the right upper lobe. The patient developed radiation pneumonitis after receiving radiation therapy (5,100 cGy) for lung cancer. At the same time, the right upper lobe atelectasis improved and movement of infiltrates consistent with radiation pneumonitis to the middle lung fields occurred. A chest roentgenogram taken when the atelectasis had improved revealed the absence of pneumonitis shadows in the right upper lobe, suggesting that the atelectatic lung escaped radiation pneumonitis.
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PMID:Atelectatic lung escaping radiation pneumonitis. 154 Nov 73

A number of practical office and bedside clues to cardiac disease in infants and children have been passed on through the years. They relate to the history, to the inspection and palpation components of the physical examination, and to knowledge of the specific cardiac defects that are likely to be associated with certain clinical syndromes. With the possible exception of coarctation of the aorta, the clues are not diagnostically specific. In many instances, however, they serve to narrow a broad array of diagnostic possibilities to 2 or 3 and, with the aid of other clues and auscultation, they can often be distinguished from one another. When a primary care physician is confronted with a child who has an incidental murmur that is "probably" innocent but could be organic, useful clues favoring an organic murmur are a history of congenital heart disease in a first-degree relative; a history of maternal rubella syndrome, alcohol use, or teratogenic drug use during pregnancy; a history of inappropriate sweating; a history of syncope, chest pain, or squatting; maternal diabetes mellitus; premature birth; birth at a high altitude; cyanosis; abnormal pulsations; recurrent bronchiolitis or pneumonia; chronic unexplained hoarseness; asymmetric facies with crying; and a physical appearance suggestive of a clinical syndrome.
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PMID:Clues in diagnosing congenital heart disease. 157 99

Acute pneumonitis following aspiration of petroleum products is usually related to accidental poisonings in children. We describe here two cases of hydrocarbon pneumonitis in fire-eaters, caused by accidental aspiration of petroleum during the performance of fire-eating. Both patients had cough, dyspnoea, chest pain and fever. Chest X-rays showed basal lung infiltrates and, 2 weeks later, pneumatocele formations. Reversible bronchial hyperresponsiveness and restrictive ventilatory limitation were demonstrated in one of the patients. The bronchoalveolar lavage specimen showed cytoplasmic vacuolation of the macrophages and neutrophilia. After treatment with antibiotics and corticosteroids the symptoms disappeared and the lung function values returned to normal within 2-3 weeks. Radiological resolution of the pneumatoceles occurred within 2-12 months.
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PMID:Fire-eater's lung. 157 31

In the absence of evidence for pneumonia or pulmonary embolus, primary pulmonary infarction has been assumed to be the cause of the syndrome of chest pain, fever, and pulmonary infiltrate on chest X-ray that commonly complicates sickle cell anaemia. To find out whether the syndrome might be due to rib infarction, 99mTc-diphosphonate bone scans were done. In the eleven episodes thus investigated (10 patients) the scans showed segmental areas of increased radionuclide uptake in ribs, indicative of bone infarction. A possible sequence of events is that the rib infarcts are primary and cause bone pain, followed by soft tissue reaction, pleuritis, and splinting. The resultant hypoventilation leads to atelectasis and subsequent development of the radiographic changes of the acute chest syndrome. Prevention of hypoventilation and treatment of bone pain are important therapeutic goals.
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PMID:Rib infarcts and acute chest syndrome in sickle cell diseases. 167 22

The development of a malignant esophagorespiratory fistula is a devastating complication. Data comparing various treatment options in a large group of patients are sparse. To assess the results of therapy, we reviewed our experience in 207 patients with malignant esophagorespiratory fistula. Records of 207 patients admitted to our institution with malignant esophagorespiratory fistula from 1926 to 1988 were reviewed and results of management analyzed. Age ranged from 21 to 90 years (median, 59 years); the male/female ratio was 3:1. Primary tumor site was esophagus in 161 (77%), lung in 33 (16%), trachea in 5 (2%), metastatic nodes in 4 (2%), larynx in 3 (1%), and thyroid in 1. Symptoms and signs of malignant esophagorespiratory fistula included cough in 116 (56%), aspiration in 77 (37%), fever in 52 (25%), dysphagia in 39 (19%), pneumonia in 11 (5%), hemoptysis in 10 (5%), and chest pain in 10 (5%). Respiratory location of fistula included trachea in 110 (53%), left main bronchus in 46 (22%), right bronchus in 33 (16%), lung parenchyma in 13 (6%), and multiple sites in 5 (2%). The percentage of patients alive at 3, 6, and 12 months by treatment modality was 13%, 4%, and 1% for supportive care (n = 104); 17%, 3%, and 0% for esophageal exclusion (n = 29); 21%, 14%, and 0% for esophageal intubation (n = 14); 30%, 15%, and 5% for radiation therapy (n = 20); and 46%, 20%, and 7% for esophageal bypass, respectively. Patients treated with radiation therapy and esophageal bypass had a significantly prolonged survival compared with patients treated with the other modalities.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Malignant esophagorespiratory fistula: management options and survival. 175 74

In a 49-year-old male with fever, dyspnea, and chest pain, thoracic x-ray revealed pneumonia with enlarged heart silhouette. Antibiotics were successful, pneumonia healed and complaints disappeared. Yet, during the following 3 months, echocardiography showed mild persistent pericardial effusion while in ECG both sinus tachycardia and ST-T changes were found suggesting chronic pericarditis. Magnetic resonance imaging, however, revealed an extensive posterobasal aneurysm with pericardial effusion substantiated by ventriculography. Coronary angiography showed diffuse three-vessel disease. Surgery revealed aneurysm with distinct perforation of the left ventricle and pericardial thrombi, thus aneurysmectomy as well as bypass grafts were performed. One year postoperatively, magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the absence of aneurysm with only a small irreversible posterobasal perfusion defect remaining as shown by thallium scintigraphy.
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PMID:Perforated ventricular aneurysm in a male suffering from pneumonia. 155 Dec 58


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