Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

FK973 is a novel, substituted dihydrobenzoxazine structurally similar to mitomycin. FK973 lacks cross-resistance with mitomycin, doxorubicin, and vincristine in murine tumor models. A phase I study of FK973 was initiated using a 30-minute infusion repeated every 4 weeks. Of 17 patients enrolled on the study, a minimum of three patients were entered at each dose level: 7, 14, 21, 30, and 45 mg/m2. The dose-limiting toxicity was a vascular leak syndrome (VLS) characterized by pericardial and pleural effusions, ascites, and subcutaneous edema. These conditions were observed in two patients treated with a dose of 30 mg/m2 and in four who received 45 mg/m2. VLS was observed 2 weeks after the third dose of 30 mg/m2 and one week after the second dose of 45 mg/m2. Of nine patients treated with a cumulative dose greater than 60 mg/m2, five experienced this toxic reaction. Reversible drug-related pneumonitis was noted in one patient after the third course of 30 mg/m2. Moderate nausea and vomiting were initially observed at a dose of 14 mg/m2 and alopecia at 30 mg/m2. Grade 3-4 granulocytopenia was observed in two patients treated with 45 mg/m2. Extensive myocardial degeneration was observed at autopsy in a patient who had received three courses of 30 mg/m2. One patient with metastatic colon carcinoma and another with metastatic pancreatic carcinoma experienced partial clinical responses. Although the drug's clinical activity appears promising, additional investigation is needed into the mechanism of toxicity prior to further clinical development.
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PMID:Phase I trial of FK973: description of a delayed vascular leak syndrome. 180 17

An initial and crucial step in the establishment of many microbial infections is the attachment of the pathogen to the host cells. Thus, adherence of Pneumocystis carinii (Pc) to type I pneumocytes is believed to be important in the induction of Pc pneumonia. Little is known about the nature of the attachment of Pc to type I cells, although extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, such as fibronectin and laminin, have been implicated in the process. We report here the isolation of a Pc gene encoding a receptor protein that binds both fibronectin and laminin in vitro. A cDNA clone encoding the Pc ECM receptor was isolated from a Pc cDNA library and identified on the basis of sequence homology to the human colon carcinoma laminin receptor. Southern blot analysis of Pc genomic DNA confirmed that the cDNA was of Pc origin. Northern blot analysis of Pc total RNA showed a predominant mRNA of approximately 1400 nucleotides that hybridized to the ECM receptor gene. The ECM receptor predicted from the cDNA sequence is 295 amino acid residues long, with a molecular mass of 32.8 kDa. The C-terminal third of the polypeptide is highly negatively charged, whereas the N-terminal two-thirds contains hydrophobic segments that may play a role in membrane association. Sequence analysis and alignment of the N terminus with the laminin receptor cDNA sequence of human colon carcinoma support the conclusion that the Pc ECM receptor cDNA clone is a full-length clone. A Western blot of the overexpressed ECM receptor protein bound both laminin and fibronectin in vitro. Antibodies raised to the overexpressed receptor protein interacted with a 33-kDa protein in total Pc cell lysates. These findings raise the possibility that the Pc ECM receptor protein may mediate the organism's attachment to type I pneumocytes and, thus, may play a crucial role in Pc pathogenesis.
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PMID:Gene for an extracellular matrix receptor protein from Pneumocystis carinii. 751 77

We report 2 cases in which the double patch technique was used to repair an anterior postinfarction ventricular septal defect. To do this, we modified infarct exclusion as follows: In addition to a conventional patch excluding the infarcted muscle, another small patch is used to directly close the septal defect. Gelatin-resorcin-formal glue is applied between the double patches, which prevent the glue from being washed away and enhance it to polymerize stably, thereby rapidly stabilizing the infarcted myocardium with the endocardial patch. Echocardiography immediately after operation showed the infarcted septum had completely adhered to the endocardial patch. Both patients demonstrated satisfactory postoperative hemodynamics. Although 1 patient did well, the other died 6 months postoperatively due to complications of pneumonia and gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to colon carcinoma. This double patch technique appears useful, although further experience is needed to verify its safety and efficacy.
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PMID:Double patch technique for repairing postinfarction ventricular septal defect. 1135 64

Microcystins (MCs) are toxins of heptapeptidic structure produced by toxic cyanobacteria in surface eutrophic waters. MCs are known to be hepatotoxic in humans, but they are also able to induce gastrointestinal alterations, allergic reactions, irritation, and pneumonia-like symptoms. The impact of MC-LR, one of the most common cyanobacterial toxins, was studied on the Caco-2 cell line, a commonly used enterocytic model, established from a human colon carcinoma. Caco-2 cells were differentiated in order to compare the effect of MC-LR in differentiated and non-differentiated cells. They were seeded in a 96-well microtiter plate and treated with MC-LR pure standard (98% purity). The effects of different concentrations of this cyanotoxin (50, 100, 150, and 200 microM) were investigated at 24 and 48 h of exposure by morphological observation and biochemical changes (total protein content, neutral red uptake, and MTS metabolization). Differentiated Caco-2 cells were slightly more sensitive than undifferentiated cells. Moreover, toxic effects induced by MCs were higher at 48 h compared to those observed at 24 h. The most sensitive endpoint for the cell line was the reduction of total protein content. Morphological changes induced by MC-LR were reduction in the cell number and hydropic degeneration, being these alterations more evident 48 h after the exposure to MC-LR.
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PMID:Microcystin-LR induces toxic effects in differentiated and undifferentiated Caco-2 cells. 2011 1

A 31-year-old white male with a known history of colon carcinoma was referred to the Interventional Pulmonary service for right lower lobe infiltrates and mucous plugging on computed tomography with concern for pneumonia. Bronchoscopy was performed revealing a broad based mass completely obstructing the bronchus intermedius. It was possible to pass a probe into the right lower lobe, and subsequent photoablation and mechanical debulking revealed that the mass was arising near the origin of the superior basal segment of the right lower lobe (RB6) and could be resected. Pathology confirmed this was consistent with the patient's known primary colon carcinoma. The potential for endobronchial metastasis in patients with colorectal carcinoma should be investigated in those patients with new or worsening pulmonary symptoms and signs.
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PMID:A case of pulmonary infiltrates in a patient with colon carcinoma. 2457 14