Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0032285 (pneumonia)
 54,520 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate, a disease of unknown etiology, is associated with a mortality rate as high as 50%. We conducted a retrospective study (1979-1983) to identify antenatal events that may be associated with this disease. Thirty-seven mothers of neonates with this disorder were compared with 150 randomly selected control patients. Logistic regression analysis revealed that meconium, maternal fever (caused by urinary tract infection, upper respiratory infection, chorioamnionitis, and unknown causes), maternal anemia (caused by abruptio placentae, placenta previa, and unknown causes), and maternal pulmonary disease (caused by asthma and/or pneumonia) were associated with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate. The computed odds ratios for the variables associated with this disease were increased significantly above the controls. In addition, cesarean section, nonvertex presentation, fetal distress, and vaginal bleeding were found to be significant on univariate analyses. The cesarean section rate in the study group was 59%, with the primary indications of fetal distress and/or third-trimester bleeding in 77.3% of instances. These data suggest that antenatal risk factors and the computed odds ratio may help identify pregnancies likely to produce infants at high risk for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate.
 ...
PMID:Persistent pulmonary hypertension: assessment of perinatal risk factors. 365 75

Persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) is a consequence of failed pulmonary vascular transition at birth and leads to pulmonary hypertension with shunting of deoxygenated blood across the ductus arteriosus (DA) and foramen ovale (FO) resulting in severe hypoxemia, and it may eventually lead to life-threatening circulatory failure. PPHN is a serious event affecting both term and preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit. It is often associated with diseases such as congenital diaphragmatic hernia, meconium aspiration, sepsis, congenital pneumonia, birth asphyxia and respiratory distress syndrome. The diagnosis of PPHN should include echocardiographic evidence of increased pulmonary pressure, with demonstrable right-to-left shunt across the DA or FO, and the absence of cyanotic heart diseases. The mainstay therapy of PPHN includes treatment of underlying causes, maintenance of adequate systemic blood pressure, optimized ventilator support for lung recruitment and alveolar ventilation, and pharmacologic measures to increase pulmonary vasodilation and decrease pulmonary vascular resistance. Inhaled nitric oxide has been proved to treat PPHN successfully with improved oxygenation in 60-70% of patients and to significantly reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). About 14%-46% of the survivors develop long-term impairments such as hearing deficits, chronic lung disease, cerebral palsy and other neurodevelopmental disabilities.
 ...
PMID:Beyond the inhaled nitric oxide in persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. 2892 74